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The purpose of this research was to whether the actions of government (bestuurshandeling) based on its discretion can be classified as a criminal act of corruption or not. The Methodology of this research used juridical doctrinal. The result showed that based on legal frame such as Law of The Administrative Court, Law of ASN, Law of Government Administration and legal doctrines as well as the Decision of the judicial review of the Constitutional Court Number: 25 / PUU-XIV / 2016 responsibility of governmental actions (bestuurshandeling), which comes from discretionary (Freies ermessen) containing elements of abuse of authority resulting state loss but there is no element of corruption such as gratifications, bribe, then it can be accounted for by the administrative sanctions under the Law of Government administration Article 20 (6) and Article 80 paragraph (1) Jo Article 81 paragraph (3) in a balanced and case by case. If there is an element of abuse of authority that resulted in state loss and there are elements of corruption such as gratifications, bribe, then accounted for under the criminal law, especially corruption.Keywords: Public responsibility, corruption, governmental actions (bestuurshandeling), Public discreations (Freies Ermessen)

AbstractThe abuse of power in Indonesia has been regulated in the realm of administrative law at the Law Number 30 Year 2014 on Government Administrationand Law Number 31 Year 1999 jo Law Number 20 Year 2001 on The Corruption Eradication. The arrangement in those lawshas created an overlapping, overcriminilization and disharmony of law. This can be seen in Law No 30 Year 2014 on Goverment Administration,the sanctions of the abuse of powerare simply to return loss and can also be accompanied by dismissal, while in Law No 31 Year 1999 jo Law Number 20 Year 2001 onthe Eradication of Corruption with or without loss can be imprisoned and returning the loss will not remove the criminal prosecution. Other than that, there are potential linkage in the test to determine a state officials discretions between the Administrative Court and the Constitutional Court Post Pretrial Judicial Review Decision to extend the authority of the Pretrial.Keywords: the Abuse of Power, Goverment Administration Law, Corruption Eradication Law

Using legitimacy theory, this study investigates the extent of social and environmental disclosure (SED) of Indian textile firms over the 2010-2012 period and the factors that explain such disclosure practices. Firm-level characteristics and corporate governance variables are incorporated as key predictors for these important disclosures. This study reveals a relatively low extent of 13.57% of SED in annual reports of Indian textile firms. This finding of low overall voluntary disclosure is largely consistent with the previous studies particularly in the emerging economies setting. The results show that firm size, international brand, audit committee independence, CEO duality, profitability, international certification obtained and year of reporting are statistically significant factors in explaining the variation in extent of SED. Potential concern may arise from such a lack corporate communication related to social or environmental activities and risks as it may lead to questions whether firms domiciled in India and their international brand-name affiliations have been transparent and accountable regarding their production and supply activities. The theoretical contribution of this study is the successful testing of legitimacy theory in the context of an emerging economy. This study highlights the influence of international exposures such as brand development and corporate governance attributes have on the SED communication practices. The dearth of social and environmental disclosure by Indian textile firms has implications for foreign purchasers of branded products as international companies have been implicated in sub-optimal social or environmental practices or incidents. Such international brand-name companies may be responsible for such breaches and face significant adverse publicity if negative social or environmental impacts or breaches of rules or regulations are found subsequent to the supply of these textile products. Significant negative media publicity may have unfavourable consequences on the reputation of these firms and their directors as well as their long-term financial performance. Firms with branded textile products likely use disclosure as an important means to promote an image of them being forward thinking socially and environmentally responsible entities for preserving their legitimacy status. This research offers empirical evidence in regard to social and environmental (SED) practices that may assist regulatory bodies to introduce more focused and effective non-financial disclosure guidelines and regulations.

Prototype Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) in FISIP Online Community Forum is a program that was developed to achieve efficiency in answering the questions that often arise in the Community Forum Online FISIP related to academic administration problems faced by students of the Faculty of Social and Political Sciences UT. Efficiency will be obtained when the manager did not take long for the manager to answer the questions that often arise; not often involve other units to answer the questions that often arise in the forum. Prototype is a prototype developed FAQ that can be uploaded to the Online FISIP community forum. This research is the development of a research carried out in order to develop a program, in this study is a prototype program developed at the forum FAQ Online Community FISIP. The stages of the research conducted as follows: first identify the questions that often arise in the student community forum FISIP Online. Second, develop a prototype FAQ common questions based on the identification of students at the forum posting community FISIP Online in 2010, as well as answers to the questions, obtained from the FGD unit associated with the UT catalog or the book as a reference. Third, the experimental test program that was developed to 6 research respondents, namely the manager FISIP Online community forums. The results showed: first, a question that often arises in a community forum FISIP Online is a question related to problems with the registration (registration schedule, registration fees, transfer of credit), the process of learning (tutorials, teaching materials), test (test schedules, test centers, exam, online exam/SUO, TAP, Test Participant Identification Card/KTPU, test scores). Second, develop a prototype FAQ that contains a list of frequently asked questions of students in the UT FISIP community forum and the answer obtained from a competent source that is Pusjian, Karunika, Student FISIP, UT catalogs and books. Third, the prototype has been developed FAQ efficient function. ...

The purpose of this study is to determine whether there are implications of expanding the authority of the pretrial post-verdict judicial review of Constitutional Court in deciding whether it is a valid determination of the suspect against law enforcement and the protection of the rights of the suspect. This research belongs to normative research. The results of this study explain that the interpretation method used in pretrial decision No:04/Pid.Prap/2015/PN.Jak.Sel is the method of discovery of analogy interpretation law (argumentum per analogiam) is wrong, while the legal interpretation method used in the judicial review judgment of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Indonesia Number 21 / PUU-XII / 2014 is the historical interpretation method (historiche intepretatie) the problem namely, the Constitutional Court has exceeded its original function that is negative legislator became positive legislators form or add a new norm. So that raises the problem that is contrary to the principles of the criminal justice system that is the principle of quick and simple and low budget justice and the principle of litis finiri oportet also inhibits the process of law enforcement settlement.

Purpose– The purpose of this research is to investigate the factors determining the social and environmental reporting (SER) of Indian textile and apparel (TA) firms.Design/methodology/approach– The 2010 annual reports of a sample of top 100 Indian TA firms listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange were examined to assess the extent of SER. SER was assessed based on the Global Reporting Initiative index applicable to the TA industry. Multiple regression analysis was conducted to investigate the determinants of SER.Findings– This study reports a low extent of SER in the annual reports of Indian listed TA firms, with a mean disclosure of 14 per cent. On average, firms reported more extensive environmental information, with a mean disclosure of 18.4 per cent, compared to social information, with a mean disclosure of 10.7 per cent. Most firms reported social information relating to "labour practices and decent work", while the reporting of information relating to "human rights" was sparse. Overall, the SER patterns provide support for legitimacy theory. Consistent with legitimacy theory expectations, corporate size, brand development and audit committee size are significant factors determining the variation in SER. No significant relationship was found between board independence, level of ownership and SER.Originality/value– There is no existing study specifically on SER by TA firms in India. In fact, there is surprisingly little research on SER in the Indian context in general. Given the dearth in research on corporate social reporting in the Indian context, the study extends prior literature on corporate SER by concentrating on SER of TA firms in an emerging economy. The theoretical contribution of this study is the testing of legitimacy theory in the context of an emerging economy. This study contributes towards practice by delineating the relationship between governance structure and SER, particularly with regard to issues such as child labour. These findings have implications for the future development of reporting standards and regulations in regard to corporate governance in India. The dearth of social reporting by Indian TA firms has implications for foreign purchasers of branded products, as international companies have been implicated in sub-optimal social or environmental practices or incidents.