Suchergebnisse

Entrepreneurs are required to have an entrepreneurial mind-set, values, attitudes and behaviour that enables opportunity recognition perceiving entrepreneurial activities as desirable and feasible. Micro and small livestock enterprises play a key role in the agricultural sector being the main economic sector of the IGAD countries. The goal of this study was to determine the contribution of indigenous livestock entrepreneurship to economic development in Turkana County. Endogenous growth, effectuation and entrepreneurial bricolage are anchoring theories. The study adopted positivist and phenomenology paradigms and cross sectional research design. The target population was all micro and small livestock enterprises, registered members of the Livestock Marketing Association in Turkana County; comprising of 598 livestock enterprises out of which a sample size of 339 MSEs was selected through proportionate stratified random sampling and simple random sampling techniques. Secondary and primary data were collected for analysis. The study purposely selected four firms from the survey method for case studies. Pilot was conducted and reliability and validity of the study instrument was evaluated. Descriptive and inferential analyses were done. ANOVA and simple linear regression analyses were evaluated. Significance was tested at 5% level. The overall response rate was 78.2%. The results revealed that indigenous entrepreneurship has a positive and significant effect on economic development in Turkana county, (F=129.4, P=.000). The study concludes that indigenous entrepreneurship is important in determining economic development. The study suggests to business associations, financial institutions, NGOs and development agencies and Turkana County government to facilitate and promote indigenous communities to pursue entrepreneurial activities.

The role of entrepreneurship in post-conflict reconstruction is largely understudied. Micro and Small livestock enterprises play an important economic and socio-cultural role amongst many Kenyan communities. The objective of this study was to establish the moderating effect of post-conflict reconstruction on the relationship between indigenous entrepreneurship and economic development in Turkana County. This study is anchored on institutional theory. Positivism and phenomenology paradigms and a cross sectional research design was adopted. The target population was all micro and small livestock enterprises that are registered members of the Livestock Marketing Association (LMA) in Turkana County; comprising of 598 livestock enterprises. A sample of 339 micro and small livestock enterprises were selected for the study using simple random sampling techniques. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics like mean, standard deviation, cumulative variance, Skewness, Kurtosis, ANOVA and regression analyses. The results revealed that Post-conflict reconstruction has a significant moderating effect on the relationship between indigenous entrepreneurship and economic development in Turkana county, (F=50.22, P=0.000). The study suggests legislation of laws and policies by the national and County governments, prohibiting acquisition of small arms. Policy initiatives should support indigenous livestock enterprises for instance, creation of a suitable environment for these businessesto obtain credit. Itstime both levels of governments enhance their environmental factors to lower uncertainty, raise indigenous livestock entrepreneurs to participate at the global economy, attracting FDI, private sector development, employment, increased exports and finally spur economic development through huge investments in health, education while impacting wealth levels.

The paper sought to investigate the effect government expenditure on economic growth in Sub-Saharan Africa using a panel data for 35 Sub-Saharan African countries for the period 2006-2018. The paper adopted dynamic panel data and estimates were achieved by using two-step system GMM while taking into account the problem of instrument proliferation. The paper provided evidence that education and health expenditure are key determinants of income growth for SSA. The impact of education spending on cross-country income variation is more effective in low income SSA countries than the middle income SSA countries. However, military expenditure on output growth is more effective in improving income level of middle income SSA countries than low income SSA countries. SSA countries should allocate more funding towards education sector and should also avail compulsory and free primary and secondary education. SSA should carry out health reforms which improve primary health and universal health insurance coverage.

In this article, the authors analyze the efficiency of public spending among Sub-Saharan African countries using a panel data for 23 Sub-Saharan Africa countries covering the period 2006-2018. This paper employs two-stage bootstrap output-oriented DEA approach. In addition, this study analyses the sources of distortions in public spending. Results show that the average biascorrected inefficiency score was 48 percent between 2006 and 2018 while the uncorrected inefficiency was 32.3percent. Institutional quality and domestic saving significantly influence the efficiency of public spending. Hence, there is need for Sub-Saharan African governments to observe fiscal discipline through strengthening of monitoring unit of government expenditure.