Suchergebnisse

1. Setting the scene, theory and method -- 2. Overview of Ireland's economic development record -- 3. Evaluating standard explanations for the Celtic tiger -- 4. Industrialization by invitation -- 5. Ireland's five internationally competitive sectors -- 6. Innovation by invitation -- 7. Ireland as a micro-state -- 8. The destructive role of special interest groups -- 9. The Irish policymaker's mind-set -- 10. Charting the way head.

This book offers a discerning narrative on the spectacular rise and fall of the so-called Celtic Tiger economy. It depicts Ireland as a micro-state with a unique reliance on foreign-assisted businesses, driven in part by a favourable taxation regime. It shows that rent-seeking by trades unions and property developers contributed to the fall since 2002. Although the country's highly centralized government's pre-disposition to lobbying has yielded international successes, it has also resulted in recurring self-inflicted crises since 1970. This volume shows how Ireland's export-led growth is assoc.

Despite recent economic problems, modern Ireland has achieved a lot. Today it is a developed country, a member of the European Union. But the path to success was not always a straight line. In addition, the impact of the EU membership on the situation in the country has not been all positive as Ireland is a small country with an open economy. The paper provides a general overview of Ireland's economic and political potential on the global scale; shows examples of the ups and downs of the Irish economy with reference to the historical facts; gives tips for getting out of difficult economic troughs.

Uses a specially constructed data set to present new evidence on the convergence performance of Ireland among European Union (EU) countries at the aggregate, sectoral and industry levels for the period 1960 to 1990. Overall, aggregate convergence occurred among the EU 12 over the period. Ireland did exhibit catch‐up on the EU average. However, Ireland's convergence performance becomes distinctly less favourable if adjustments are made for the increase in net factor outflows during the late 1980s. This is especially the case when gross national product is used instead of gross domestic product (GDP) to measure Irish living standards as this results in a divergent trend emerging. For labour productivity the adjustment of Irish GDP to take account of transfer pricing by multinationals leads to the finding that labour productivity convergence performance in Irish manufacturing is substantially overstated if "official" GDP estimates are used. This translates into more muted convergence performance at the aggregate level if the adjustments are made.

New evidence is presented on the degree of aggregate and sectoral labour productivity convergence among 11 EU countries between 1970 and 1990. As with studies for other groups of countries, it is found that there is a greater degree of aggregate than sectoral convergence. Aggregate productivity converged at 0.9 percent per annum, with agriculture and manufacturing both diverging and only services converging (0.6 percent p.a.). We contend that structural change provides one explanation for this finding. When measured as changes in sectoral employment shares, structural change accounted for between 50 percent and 66 percent of the overall rate of aggregate productivity convergence among the EU countries over the period. Countries with relatively low levels of aggregate productivity benefited most from structural change.

"Der aktuellen Literatur zufolge hat ein intersektorieller Strukturwandel nur eine vernachlässigbare Auswirkung auf das kumulierte Produktivitätswachstum. In diesem Beitrag untersuchen wir diese Perspektive erneut unter Anwendung von dynamischen Shift-Share-Methoden auf die Daten von 181 europäischen Regionen im Zeitraum von 1980 bis 2007. Aus den Ergebnissen geht hervor, dass die Auswirkung der intersektoriellen Komponente bei Weitem nicht vernachlässigbar ist und in Regionen im Bereich der höheren Dezilen der Verteilung erheblich stärker ausfällt. Darüber hinaus erscheinen ihre Auswirkungen besonders wachstumsfördernd, wenn die Region entweder zur Kategorie 'hoch und verbessernd' oder 'niedrig und verschlechternd' gehört. Diese Ergebnisse rehabilitieren die Bedeutung des Strukturwandels für Wachstum und Konvergenz." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)