Suchergebnisse

Suggests that critiques based on visions of neglect, racism, or other general glosses on the government of Aboriginal peoples have served to conceal the active ways in which struggles-including the resistances of the particular Aboriginal peoples concerned-have constituted the specific forms of government characteristic of each locale, and which in the Central Reserves took the form here described as ungovernment.

Notes that the world capitalist system has a bearing on social justice in supplier states, and enquires whether these international conditions will continue. Traces the origins of Australia's contribution to the world economy to the present, and the accompanying development of social justice. Dependency in global capitalism has not been successfully countered; almost a fifth of the population lives below the poverty line. Explores government responses. (PAS)

SOCIAL BANDITRY IS DEFINED AS BANDITRY INVOLVING "SOME FORM OF SOCIAL PROTEST". IT WOULD APPEAR THAT, RATHER THAN BEING ABSOLUTE CONDITIONS OF TRANSFORMATION OF SOCIAL BANDITRY, ADMINISTRATIVE AND TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT HAVE A VARIABLE EFFECT DEPENDENT ON SPECIFIC SOCIAL AND POLITICAL ARRANGEMENTS.

Argues that the War on Drugs will fail because it is based upon a series of incorrect assumptions about demand. This misunderstanding leads drug warriors into policy stances that fail to comprehend the phenomena they seek to control. Discusses illicit drug use and the War on Drugs and develops an analysis of demand and its implications. (Abstract amended)

Argues that if random drug testing in the workplace is introduced on a widespread basis, a probable major effect will be a hardening of divisions within the labor market, with associated divisions along class and racial lines. In particular, the result will be a deterioration of the employment prospects of the underclasses. (RSM)

Notes that the initial declaration of eastern Australia as 'desert' or uninhabited land was based on misrepresentation of fact. Moreover it has become the basis of the legal framework colonising the interior, and of the political economy. Traces the treatment and living conditions of the Kooris (Aborigines) historically, and today, and analyses the Labor Party's response, since it holds a platform of social justice. (PAS)

This paper uses findings from five nationally representative surveys of high school seniors from 1975 through 1979 to examine the correlates of licit and illicit drug use, and to consider whether recent changes in youthful drug use are linked to any changes in the correlates. Males still exceed females in use of alcohol and marijuana, but no longer in cigarette smoking. Black seniors now report less drug use than Whites. Other dimensions of family background, region, and urbanicity show only modest associations with drug use. Above average drug use occurs among those less successful in adaptation to the educational environment, as indicated by truancy and low grades; those who spend many evenings out for recreation; and those with heavy time commitments to a job and/or relatively high incomes. Drug use is below average among seniors with strong religious commitments and conservative political views. From 1975 through 1979, among seniors cigarette use peaked and subsequently declined, marijuana use rose and then leveled off, and the (still infrequent) use of cocaine rose rapidly. However, these shifts in drug use were not accompanied by substantial shifts in the above correlates of use. The findings thus suggest that the kinds of young people most at risk remain much the same, while the types and amounts of substances they use shift somewhat from year to year.

OBJECTIVES: The US armed forces adopted "zero tolerance" policies concerning illicit drug use in 1980 and later developed policies to discourage tobacco and alcohol abuse. This article examines drug use among young active-duty recruits both before and after enlistment, compared with nonmilitary age-mates, and documents historical shifts in such drug use across 2 decades. METHODS: Analyses employed longitudinal panel data from 20 nationally representative samples of high school seniors (cohorts of 1976-1995), each surveyed just before graduation and again within 2 years. Separate analyses for men (n = 12,082) and women (n = 15,345) contrasted those who entered military service, college, and civilian employment. RESULTS: Illicit drug use declined more among young military recruits than among their civilian counterparts. Analyses of male recruits at multiple time periods showed (1) declines in the prevalence of marijuana use and cocaine use after the initiation of routine military drug testing and (2) lower proportions of smokers of half a pack or more of cigarettes per day who entered service after the initiation of tobacco bans during basic training. CONCLUSIONS: Recent military drug policies appear to deter illicit drug use among enlistees and discourage some smokers from enlisting.