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Self-Construals, Communication Processes, and Group Outcomes in Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Groups
In: Small group research: an international journal of theory, investigation, and application, Band 32, Heft 1, S. 19-54
ISSN: 1552-8278
The objective of this study was to test a theoretical model posited by the author in 1995 that explains the relationships among self-construals (independent and interdependent self-image), communication processes (participation, cooperation, and respect), and outcomes (satisfaction, performance, and withholding effort) in homogeneous and heterogeneous groups. Students (N = 189) completed three tasks in a group that varied in composition from homogeneous to heterogeneous in regards to age, gender, and ethnicity. Results from structural equation modeling revealed that (a) self-construals of group members better explained the communication processes used by a small group than did composition, (b) situational interdependent self-construals were associated positively with participation and cooperation, (c) equal participation and respect were related negatively to the degree to which members withhold effort in a group, (d) equal participation and respect were related positively with the level of satisfaction in a group, and (e) cooperation, equal participation, and respect were not related to performance.
"It's a Trade off:" Perspectives of Ryan White Social Service Providers on the Implementation of the Affordable Care Act
In: Journal of HIV/AIDS & social services: research, practice, and policy adopted by the National Social Work AIDS Network (NSWAN), Band 18, Heft 4, S. 417-433
ISSN: 1538-151X
Face Concerns in Interpersonal Conflict: A Cross-Cultural Empirical Test of the Face Negotiation Theory
In: Communication research, Band 30, Heft 6, S. 599-624
ISSN: 1552-3810
This study sought to test the underlying assumption of the face-negotiation theory that face is an explanatory mechanism for culture's influence on conflict behavior. A questionnaire was administered to 768 participants in 4 national cultures (China, Germany, Japan, and the United States) asking them to describe interpersonal conflict. The major findings of this study are as follows: (a) cultural individualism-collectivism had direct and indirect effects on conflict styles, (b) independent self-construal related positively with self-face and interdependent self-construal related positively with other-face, (c) self-face related positively with dominating conflict styles and other-face related positively with avoiding and integrating styles, and (d) face accounted for all of the total variance explained (100% of 19% total explained) in dominating, most of the total variance explained in integrating (70% of 20% total explained), and some of the total variance explained in avoiding (38% of 21% total explained) when considering face concerns, cultural individualismcollectivism, and self-construals.
Theories of human communication
Part one : Foundations. Foundations of communication theory -- Frameworks for organizing theories -- Part two : Elements of the communication model. The communicator -- The message -- The medium -- Beyond human communication -- Part three : Contexts of communication. The relationship -- The group -- The organization -- Health contexts -- Culture -- Society
An analysis of the relationships among face concerns and facework behaviors in perceived conflict situations: A four‐culture investigation
In: The International journal of conflict management: IJCMA, Band 19, Heft 4, S. 382-403
ISSN: 1758-8545
PurposePrior research demonstrates the importance of face in conflict situations. However, the direct relationship of face concerns to facework behaviors has limited empirical support. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the relationships among self‐, other‐, and mutual‐face concern and 11 facework strategies within Chinese, Japanese, German, and USA national cultures in recalled conflict situations.Design/methodology/approachThe study was conducted by administering a survey to 768 participants from China, Japan, Germany, and the USA who recalled a conflict situation. Participants completed a self‐report questionnaire about their attitudes and conflict behaviors during a recalled conflict. Regression analysis and comparisons of correlations were utilized to examine relationships between face concerns and facework across the four cultures.FindingsThe major findings are: other‐face is associated with remain calm, apologize, private discussion, giving in and pretend positively and express emotion negatively; self‐face is associated with defend positively; mutual‐face is associated with aggression negatively; associations among face concern and facework strategies have some cultural differences, but are largely consistent for the pan‐cultural relationships among face and facework.Research limitations/implicationsProvides evidence that many of the face/facework relationships are consistent across cultures; uses self‐report questionnaires to operationalize attitudes and behaviors about conflict which are subject to self‐serving bias.Practical implicationsThe findings are useful for scholars and practitioners interested in intercultural communication, negotiation, and conflict. The findings suggest that training participants about face concerns and facework may be fruitful for improving conflict management. Such training needs to consider cultural differences.Originality/valueThe research endeavor directly identifies what relationships exist between face concern and facework. The link was assumed but has limited empirical support and none cross‐culturally.
An analysis of the relationships among face concerns and facework behaviors in perceived conflict situations: A four-culture investigation
In: The international journal of conflict management: IJCMA, Band 19, Heft 4, S. 382-403
ISSN: 1044-4068
Conflict Communication in Contexts: A Social Ecological Perspective
In: The SAGE Handbook of Conflict Communication: Integrating Theory, Research, and Practice, S. 727-740
Adverse childhood experiences in a pathway to single adult homelessness in Hamilton, New Zealand
In: Housing studies, S. 1-24
ISSN: 1466-1810
Making Up or Getting Even? The Effects of Face Concerns, Self-Construal, and Apology on Forgiveness, Reconciliation, and Revenge in the United States and China
In: Communication research, Band 46, Heft 4, S. 503-524
ISSN: 1552-3810
The purpose of this study was to integrate the central constructs in the face-negotiation theory in the examination of the antecedents and behavioral consequences of forgiveness in relational transgressions in U.S. and Chinese cultures. Results indicated that in both cultures, transgression victims' independent self-construal and self-face concern were negatively associated, whereas their interdependent self-construals and other-face concerns were positively associated, with forgiveness, and offender apology was positively associated with forgiveness. Forgiveness had a positive relationship with reconciliation but a negative relationship with revenge in both cultures. The hypothesized model in which forgiveness mediated the relationships of antecedents on reconciliation and revenge fit the data well in both cultural samples.
Historical, Political, and Spiritual Factors of Conflict: Understanding Conflict Perspectives and Communication in the Muslim World, China, Colombia, and South Africa
In: The SAGE Handbook of Conflict Communication: Integrating Theory, Research, and Practice, S. 549-574
Chapter 7: Investigating the Role of Communication in Culturally Diverse Work Groups: A Review and Synthesis
In: Communication Yearbook, Band 25, Heft 1, S. 237-269
ISSN: 1556-7419
Partnerships, Processes, and Outcomes: A Health Equity–Focused Scoping Meta-Review of Community-Engaged Scholarship
In: Annual Review of Public Health, Band 41, S. 177-199
SSRN
What protects against pre-diabetes progressing to diabetes? Observational study of integrated health and social data
Aims To examine the incidence of type 2 diabetes in people with newly diagnosed prediabetes and the factors that protect against this progression. Methods The study population was 14,043 adults with pre-diabetes enrolled in a primary health organization in the upper North Island of New Zealand. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and body mass index (BMI) were linked to government health, census and social datasets in the Statistics New Zealand Integrated Data Infrastructure. Adults with a first diagnosis of pre-diabetes between 2009 and 2017 (HbA1c in range 5.9-6.6% [41-49 mmol/mol]) were followed-up for type 2 diabetes incidence. Cox regression was used to examine protective factors and adjust for potential confounding. Results Cumulative diabetes incidence was 5.0% after three years. Progression was greater in younger adults, men, people with higher HbA1c, greater BMI and a more recent diagnosis. Progression was lower in people treated with metformin, and Indigenous language speakers. Higher progression rates for Māori (Indigenous population) and Pacific peoples (migrants to New Zealand) were related to higher baseline HbA1c. Conclusions This is the first study to identify Indigenous language as a protective factor against diabetes, and results confirm obesity as a key target for population prevention. People with identified risk factors should be prioritized for pre-diabetes interventions. ; Peer Reviewed
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Enhancing Stewardship of Community-Engaged Research Through Governance
Objectives. We explored the relationship of community-engaged research final approval type (tribal government, health board, or public health office (TG/HB); agency staff or advisory board; or individual or no community approval) with governance processes, productivity, and perceived outcomes.
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