Suchergebnisse

The paper presents an attempt at analytical comprehension and emotional appraisal of the manipulative use of women who took part in the liberation struggle of the Ukrainian people against the Bolshevik system and got trapped by unintentional betrayal. As a result of the NKVD, USSR MSS, KGB's provocative special operations to destroy the nationalist underground, women underground fighters became unwilling traitors to their comrades and experienced not only the physical and moral torment of captivity, imprisonment, and exile but also the tragedy of personal devaluation and humiliation from recognizing the enemy's ability to confuse them and use them as a tool to destroy the underground organization. The issue of unintentional betrayal is considered not only as a personal tragedy of a woman victim of a totalitarian system but also in the context of the formation of distorted value foundations of Soviet society, incapable of tolerating otherness, aimed at destroying an independent human personality and turning her into a victim of the regime. It should be emphasized that the tradition of social life based on the principle of «victim-executioner», which has always been the basis of Russian culture and later became the principle of Soviet society, has fully manifested itself in Russia's current aggressive war against Ukraine. Ruscism has become the heir and direct successor, as well as a reflection of the hateful social order formed during Soviet totalitarianism, which leads to many personal tragedies.

The research analysis is focused on the consideration of the main postulates of H.Skovoroda philosophy of the heart. Cordocentrism, as a direction of the religious philosophical tradition, most significantly affects the issues of cognition and the potential of philosophical knowledge. It is in connection with this that the heart is a creative cognitive center of a human's spiritual life. The heart accumulates in itself the human and the transcendent in their sacred sense, is the focus of the Ukrainian philosophy of cardocentrism. And that is why the analysis of the heart problem as a teaching about the special deep nature of knowledge: "heart contemplation", "listening to the heart", "voice of the heart", is a problematic field of philosophical knowledge reflection. These methodological principles became the foundation of the Eastern Christian tradition. In this tradition, hesychasm acquires importance as a practice of a special mystical experience. It is noted that the philosophy of H.Skovoroda considers the development of the cognitive process through the renewal of the heart: the transition from the "old" to the "new" state of the heart. In the philosophical and theological tradition, such symbolism is identical to the principles of the "old" and "new" Adam, which are key positions in the evolution of humanity. Thus, the philosopher's attempts to focus precisely on the fundamental principles of human knowledge of the world lay a powerful cognitive potential in H.Skovoroda's concept of the heart. The author focuses on the fact that within the framework of the methodological uncertainty of modern philosophy (let's call the problem of the methodological crisis so) the unique cognitive potential of the heart has epistemological perspectives. This potential is the basis of a synthetic method of cognitive activity. Due to its own synthetic nature, only this heart has a direct relation to the sphere of meaning (and not the ratio, as the modern epistemological tradition in the postpositivism form is wont to declare). It is noted that the practices of "heart synthesis" are aimed at the search for knowledge deeper than logical-evidential epistema or doxa. So, within the framework of solving the epistemological problem of modern philosophy, turning to the philosophical heritage of cardocentrism, and directly to the philosophy of the heart of H. Skovoroda, is a promising direction of philosophical knowledge.

The current phase of putin's russia's war against Ukraine is fundamentally changing world geopolitics today. Ukraine turned out to be a battlefield of civilizations based on the principles of freedom and democracy (on the one hand), totalitarianism and total disregard for human rights (on the other). Taking into account the existing and future challenges faced by warring Ukraine, it is necessary to take a close look at the neo-religious movements that are spreading on the territory of the country. In part icular, take a closer look from the point of view of totalitarian/anti-totalitarian foundations of their functioning. Such research is of unique importance due to the fact that the process of development of religious culture is directly related to the emergence of new symbolic systems, which, in turn, not only reflect changes in the field of religiosity, but also influence the formation of new contents of social existence and the state of society. And this process is especially irritating for the country, which has been in a state of ideological, and not only military, aggression by the totalitarian Putin regime for eight years. A significant number of neo-religious movements that arise and spread in the modern world testify to the development of processes of transformation of the established religious culture. Such neo-religious movements include the Falun Gong (Falun Dafa) movement, which is quite popular in today's Ukraine. This neo-religious movement attracts special attention due to the need to understand how a democratic state should build its relations with neo-religious entities, what it can afford in the process of establishing communication with believers, and what it should refrain from. The article concludes that on the way to victory over a dangerous aggressor, the anti-totalitarian social attitudes of the citizens of the warring country in all spheres of social life, in particular, in the religious sphere, are o f particular importance. In addition to traditional religiosity, neo-religious movements and organizations have become widely spread in Ukraine, to which a clear attitude has not been developed both by the authorities and the public, and by modern Ukrainian socio-humanitarian studies. Among such movements is the Falun Gong movement that came from China. Both this neo-religious movement, which is evaluated by the civilized world as anti -totalitarian and opposed to the repressive practices of the Chinese government, and other similar neo-religious movements spreading on the territory of Ukraine, require special attention, study and response from the Ukrainian general public and power structures.