The article actualizes the humanitarian aspect of the problem of preserving text reading in a new technological environment as a number of specific institutionalized and communicative practices. This phenomenon as one of the fundamental subsystems of culture, based on the results of sociological research, is considered in the context of the implementation of value, training and educational functions. Reading is not merely a process of consumption of a certain kind of information, it is not just a technology of interiorization of texts and an essential resource of communicative and cultural memory, but also a factor that largely determines the general and historical culture of a generation, and as a result, the cost of the products materialized by it, left to descendants. The highlighted intergenerational contradictions/gaps, as proved, show that reading in the era of post-literacy should be the most important resource for the formation and development of the communicative and cultural memory of the Russian nation. ; The study was carried out with the financial support of the grant of the Russian Science Foundation No. 19-18-00264 in the framework of the scientific project "Digitalization of communicative-cultural memory and problems of its intergenerational transmission".
The article is concerned with the study of the project of civilizational development of Ukraine in the context of modern social and political changes. Noticed that civilizational choice of Ukraine especially acute at the stage of transition of world society to the post-industrial phase of its development. Underscored that the roots of the Ukrainian ethnos lead to the Trypillia civilization and simultaneously the Ukrainian local civilization has the features of a border civilization. The conducted research allows determining the civilization project of Ukraine at the present stage, which in a new way actualizes the importance of science. It is proposed to start developing the foundations of uniting the people of Ukraine on the basis of the Code of Ethics, which should be based on the consistent ethical imperatives of the Ukrainian people on the basis of common humanistic values.
The article examines the influence of coronavirus infection spread on social and economic state of countries worldwide, the anti-crisis policy measures were summarized and proposals concerning governmental support of business and population were provided. Operational measures in the financial and social sector aimed to eliminate negative social and economic consequences were analyzed. It is established, that the anti-crisis policy efficiency for the countries in the world will be determined by the scale of public policy stimulation aimed towards increasing the expenditures on health care financing, expansive monetary policy implementation, granting business tax preferences and protection of vulnerable population.Critical review of the forecast scenarios for the development of global and national economic systems was provided. In particular, the transition to economic downturn was recorded and the inevitability of the economic crisis at global and national economic systems was forecasted.Based on the results of empirical analysis on previous crisis unfoldment and modern crisis processes escalation, which are characterized by a quick chain transfer between the world countries, the priority directions for the state anti-crisis policy were determined. Notably, we propose the stimulation of the real sector of the economy by the means of preferential loans, dotation and subsidizes as well as restricting unwanted import and promoting export. The necessity of carrying out "cheap money policy" in financial sector has been identified, including temporary reductions of the required level of bank reserves and central bank interest rate. Fiscal measures ought to be based on granting tax holidays, tax exemptions for vulnerable businesses and individuals' economic entities. Emphasis is placed on the need for increased spending in health care and the inadmissibility of a budget sequester, which will lead to solvent demand convolution, social protection level reduction and impoverish of the population.We concluded that preventive anti-crisis regulation given the long-term influences on economic system would allow to reduce the negative consequences, decrease social and economic risks, lessen depth and duration of economic crisis passage. ; У статті досліджено вплив поширення COVID-19 на соціальне та економічне становище країн світу, узагальнено заходи антикризової політики та надано пропозиції щодо державної підтримки бізнесу, населення та фінансового сектору. Проаналізовано оперативні заходи протидії COVID-19 в фінансовому секторі та соціальній сфері, що спрямовані на усунення негативних соціально-економічних наслідків. З'ясовано, що ефективність заходів антикризової політики країн світу визначатиметься масштабами стимулюючої державної політики, спрямованої на збільшення видатків на фінансування охорони здоров'я, реалізацію експансивної монетарної політики, надання податкових преференцій бізнесу та захист уразливих верств населення. Зроблено висновок, що превентивне антикризове регулювання з урахуванням довгострокових впливів на економічну систему дозволить мінімізувати негативні наслідки, знизити соціально-економічні ризики, зменшити глибину та тривалість протікання економічної кризи.
В статті автором обґрунтовано проблеми, які були викликані збройним конфліктом на Сході України, означено соціальні та економічні наслідки до яких призвів конфлікт. Проаналізовано міжнародний досвід правового і фінансового забезпечення захисту населення, постраждалого від воєнних конфліктів, надано стислу оцінку організаційно-управлінського та фінансового забезпечення прав вимушено переміщених осіб (ВПО) в Азербайджані, наведено досвід розв'язання проблем ВПО в Грузії, розглянуто питання державної підтримки ВПО в Пакистані та питання захисту ВПО в Молдові та Косово. При розгляді економічної складової відновлення пост-конфліктних територій проаналізовано чотири моделі: боснійська, хорватська, пакистанська та німецька. На підставі дослідження світового досвіду автором доведено, що враховуючи масштаби конфлікту, ситуація в Україні є унікальною та не має прямих аналогів у світовій практиці. Обґрунтовано, що для України потрібна нова моделей економічної відбудови пошкоджених територій і соціалізації внутрішніх переселенців. ; In the article the author substantiates the problems caused by the armed conflict in the East of Ukraine, the social and economic consequences that led to the conflict have been identified. The international experience of legal and financial support for the protection of the population suffered from military conflicts has been analyzed, a brief assessment of the organizational, managerial and financial provision of the rights of internally displaced persons .It has been provided in Azerbaijan, the experience of solving the problems of internally displaced persons in Georgia is presented, the issues of state support to internally displaced persons Pakistan and defense issues in Moldova and Kosovo. When considering the economic component of restoring post-conflict areas, four models have been analyzed: Bosnian, Croatian, Pakistani and German. Based on the study of world experience, the author has proved that taking into account the scale of the conflict, the situation in Ukraine is unique and has no direct analogues in world practice. It is substantiated that Ukraine needs new models of economic reconstruction of damaged territories and the socialization of internal migrants.
В статті проводиться дослідження особливостей залучення іноземних інвестицій в країну. Для цього було розглянуто динаміку індексу інвестиційної привабливості України, який в останні роки має тенденцію до зростання. Детально проаналізовано обсяги прямих іноземних інвестицій в галузевому розрізі та за географічною структурою. На основі даного аналізу було встановлено, що по регіонам найбільше інвестицій надходить у м. Київ (52% від загального обсягу іноземних інвестицій), лідером за обсягами інвестування виступає Кіпр (28% від загального обсягу прямих іноземних інвестицій), а найбільш привабливою галуззю є промисловість (33,38%). Визначено основні проблеми, які впливають на інвестиційний клімат країни. Проаналізовано потенціал України у розрізі привабливості для іноземних інвесторів. На основі попередніх досліджень було запропоновано заходи для покращення інвестиційного клімату країни. ; The article deals with the study of the features of attraction of foreign investments into the country. To this end, the dynamics of the investment attractiveness index of Ukraine, which in recent years has a tendency to increase, was considered. The volume of foreign direct investment in the sectoral and geographical structure is analyzed in detail. On the basis of this analysis, it was found that by region the largest investment comes from Kyiv (52% of total foreign investment), Cyprus is the leader in terms of investment volumes (28% of total foreign direct investment), and industry is the most attractive industry (33.38% of the total volume of direct foreign investments). The main problems, which influence the investment climate of the country, are determined. These include: imperfect legislation; instability of domestic tax legislation; high tax pressure on capital of enterprises; inconsistency of the current normative legal documents regulating investment activity; different conditions of management of domestic and foreign investors; absence of an effective system of insurance of foreign investments; low level of national investment management; undeveloped domestic investment infrastructure; low efficiency of functioning of the national stock market; high inflation; negative international image of Ukraine; insufficient awareness of potential investors in many countries about the state and prospects of Ukraine's development. The potential of Ukraine in the context of attractiveness for foreign investors is analyzed. Based on the identified problems affecting the investment climate, practical recommendations for improving the investment climate of the country were formulated. They include ways to solve these problems: improving investment legislation; ensuring the effective implementation of the declared reforms; formation of an effective mechanism for ensuring organizational, institutional, financial and legal preconditions for the development of investment activity; creation of the automated information system; intensification of implementation of public-private partnership programs; construction of a rational system of innovation infrastructure.
The article focuses on generalizing the requirements of the current legislation, other normative legal acts, own theoretical studies and assessing the effectiveness of defense and budget planning systems in Ukraine. At present, defense reform is based on the principles and principles governing the NATO member states, which in turn requires a revision of the current system and the introduction of new approaches and mechanisms in the defense and budget planning system. The goal of this article is revealing defence planning mechanism improvement ways in the Ministry of Defence of Ukraine.
Создание перспективной авиационной техники является важным направлением государственной политики. Принятию правильного решения на создание перспективной авиационной техники способствует экономическая оценка эффективности разработки, предметом которой является актуализация выделяемых на это ресурсов. Важной составляющей обеспечения высокой достоверности оценки эффективности разработки перспективной авиационной техники является методология ее проведения, направленная на точное определение экономических показателей. Авторами представлен порядок использования в экономической оценке эффективности разработки перспективной авиационной техники показателя вероятности экономического успеха при определении целесообразности принятия проекта тактико-технического задания на ее разработку. Для повышения точности экономической оценки предлагается использовать среднеквадратическую ошибку альтернативных способов проведения расчетов стоимостей выполнения мероприятий по стадиям жизненного цикла образца авиационной техники. Оценку затрат на разработку перспективной вспомогательной установки военно-транспортного самолета целесообразно проводить на основе трудоемкости разработки, определяемой в зависимости от ее базовых сложности и стоимости. Апробация предложенной методики проведена авторами на примере перспективной вспомогательной силовой установки военно-транспортного самолета. Эта методика применима для расчетов затрат и для других видов техники на всех стадиях ее жизненного цикла. ; Creating a promising aircraft is an important area of state policy. Making the right decision to create a promising aircraft technology contributes to the economic assessment of the development efficiency. The subject of economic assessment is the updating of resources allocated for the development of the aircraft. An important component of ensuring high reliability of evaluating the effectiveness of the development of a promising aircraft is the methodology of its implementation. The methodology of economic assessment is aimed at determining economic indicators. The authors present the procedure for using the probability of economic success indicator in the economic assessment of the effectiveness of developing a promising aircraft when determining the feasibility of adopting a draft tactical and technical task for the development of an aircraft. To improve the accuracy of the economic assessment, it is proposed to use the standard error of alternative methods for calculating the cost of performing activities at the stages of the aircraft life cycle. The authors tested the proposed method on the example of a promising auxiliary power plant of a military transport aircraft. It is advisable to evaluate the cost of developing a promising auxiliary installation of a military transport aircraft based on the complexity of the development, determined depending on its basic complexity and cost. The authors tested the proposed method on the example of a promising auxiliary power plant of a military transport aircraft. The proposed method is applicable for calculating costs for other types of equipment at all stages of its life cycle.
Abstract. This article explores the a mathematical model of the a data transmission channel with errors grouping. We propose an estimating method for energy gain from coding and energy efficiency of binary codes in channels with grouped errors. The proposed method uses a simplified Bennet and Froelich's model and allows leading the research of the energy gain from coding for a wide class of data channels without restricting the way of the length distributing the error bursts. The reliability of the obtained results is confirmed by the information of the known results in the theory of error-correcting coding in the simplified variant.
The article is concerned with the study of the project of civilizational development of Ukraine in the context of modern social and political changes. Noticed that civilizational choice of Ukraine especially acute at the stage of transition of world society to the post-industrial phase of its development. Underscored that the roots of the Ukrainian ethnos lead to the Trypillia civilization and simultaneously the Ukrainian local civilization has the features of a border civilization. The conducted research allows determining the civilization project of Ukraine at the present stage, which in a new way actualizes the importance of science. It is proposed to start developing the foundations of uniting the people of Ukraine on the basis of the Code of Ethics, which should be based on the consistent ethical imperatives of the Ukrainian people on the basis of common humanistic values.
In this paper, the concept of studying the specifics of digital communication between the older (analogue) and younger (digital) generations in Russia is proposed. The process of communication opens up the possibility of a perception of communicative and cultural memory by the digital generation, which is in the process of socialization and awareness of cultural identity. We suggest methodological development and the testing of research methods into the transformation of communicative and cultural memory and ways of its transmission from the analogue to the digital generation of Russians. The proposed scientific and practical concept assumes the development of three basic directions. The first is related to the study of the general process of transformation of syncretic communicative and cultural memory in the digital environment. The second involves the study and modelling of media texts. Addressing the strategies of organizing multimedia narration and linguistic and statistical peculiarities of big data makes it possible to identify the language and conceptual markers of communicative and cultural memory in the texts of two different generations. Finally, the third one is related to the identification of the specifics of media consumption by generations, which implies the actualization of the transformation of journalistic competencies to work in the modern digital environment. These directions are developed using several approaches and methods: social-communication, cognitive, structural-semiotic, sociocultural, and linguistic. Such an interdisciplinary approach is necessary for the comprehensive study of intergenerational transmission of communicative and cultural memory.
The authors propose to improve the methodology of operational and service activities planning based on the methodology of defense planning within the national security system on the basis of opportunities. The capability-based planning will allow for better planning of operational and service activities of the border agency and will ensure active cooperation between Ukraine and NATO in order to achieve the criteria necessary for full membership in the Alliance. A defense survey is conducted to assess the state and readiness of the defense forces to perform tasks related to the defense of Ukraine, the state of their personnel, financial, logistical and other types of support in the current and projected conditions of the security environment. The survey of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine was conducted using an analytical method, namely the analysis of strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT-analysis), which allows substantiating the main directions of the Development Strategy of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine and increasing the level of operational and service activities planning within the system of national security. The State Border Guard Service of Ukraine is a component of the security and defense sector and the new conditions the border agency operates in arise the issue on improving the methodology of planning its operational and service activities. Doi: 10.28991/esj-2021-01280 Full Text: PDF
