Suchergebnisse

Após uma breve introdução às ideias de Menasse sobre a União Europeia apresentadas em diferentes textos teóricos, o artigo concentra-se no romance Die Hauptstadt [A Capital], publicado em 2016. Parte-se da ideia de que o leitor reagirá com estranheza ao diminuto espaço narrativo ocupado no texto por tópicos como migrações, terrorismo e islamofobia, que são geralmente aceites como os principais problemas que afetam hoje a UE (Griffen 2019). No entanto, a análise mais detalhada de três momentos do romance que a crítica tende a considerar como subsidiários de acordo com o lugar que ocupam na economia textual mostrará a importância dos tópicos atrás referidos e o seu (eventual) reconhecimento como novos desafios que marcam a Europa. ; After a short introduction to MenasseŽs ideas about the European Union presented in different theoretical texts, the paper will concentrate on the novel The Capital, published in 2016. It will focus on the idea the reader will react with strangeness to the diminished narrative space taken in the text by topics like migrations, terrorism and islamofobia, which are generally accepted as the main issues affecting the EU today (Griffen 2019). Nonetheless, a more detailed analysis of three moments of the novel that critics tend to consider as subsidiary according to their place in the textual economy will show the importance of the aforementioned topics and their (possible) recognition as the new challenges that mark the EU.

UIDB/03213/2020 UIDP/03213/2020 ; In Portuguese society, humor has been gaining prominence as an instrument of criticism and reflection on reality, and is highly sought after in all media. One of the current names of reference is Ricardo Araújo Pereira (RAP), a Portuguese humorist, much appreciated by the public, whose texts are based on language games and multiple cultural and social references that can challenge interpretation, especially by young people. The present work is part of a project based on the analysis of a corpus of fifteen humor columns by RAP, published in the magazine Visão, between February and September, 2020, which focus on several issues surrounding COVID-19, in the fields of science, social life and politics. Our objectives are: to describe and characterize the text genre humor column; to understand how language dynamics contribute to the development of thematic content; to assess the reception and understanding of the mechanisms of humor present in the texts. For this work, we focus on the third objective, namely, to assess the level of understanding evidenced by the first-year students of the Journalism and Communication course at the Polytechnic Institute of Portalegre. Therefore, we selected two texts which were submitted to the students' interpretation, through an individual questionnaire with closed and open answer questions. The analysis of the results showed the strengths and weaknesses of the media literacy of humor, opening paths and horizons for the didactic exploration of texts in higher education classroom. ; publishersversion ; published

The main goal of this research is to uncover the main challenges of the export business, mainly in the perspective of small-country companies, like the Portuguese, and potential resolutions, in order to excel the development of external markets, namely mature and / or non-affinity ones. Mainly through the insights of the major exporters in the Portuguese food industry and associated government entities, the main conclusion of the study is that likely, previous strategies deployed in emerging / affinity markets will not suffice. Because in mature markets competing in price is tough and because the Portuguese national brand still means little abroad, the study concludes that companies need to find new sources of competitive advantage: from product differentiation and targeted portfolio adaptations to intangibles like hospitality and strong international brands. In order to conquer these, companies should acknowledge the required investments of this activity, to build own knowledge on those markets and their consumers, in building proximity bridges with those markets, and in re-adjusting the organization to the new business objectives. Having this in mind, the definition of priority markets and resilience in the application of the delineated strategy is of outmost importance. Lastly, the study concludes that strategic partnerships, own-nation collaborative strategies or even private-label production are all viable solutions to face the limited financial resources, usually characteristic of companies with origin in countries with small internal markets. ; O principal objectivo deste estudo é explorar quais os principais desafios enfrentados, no negócio da exportação, por empresas originárias de países com mercados internos reduzidos, como as Portuguesas, assim como pensar possíveis soluções para o desenvolvimento de mercados externos, nomeadamente mercados maduros e / ou mercados com menor afinidade. Maioritariamente através de insights das maiores empresas Portuguesas exportadoras no sector alimentar, e de entidades governamentais associadas, a principal conclusão deste estudo é que as estratégias desenvolvidas para mercados emergentes / de afinidade não serão suficientes. Porque nos mercados maduros concorrer em preço é difícil, e porque a marca Portugal ainda significa pouco para o resto do mundo, o estudo conclui que as empresas necessitam de encontrar novas fontes de vantagem competitiva: desde a diferenciação e desenvolvimento de um portfólio adaptado aos mercados alvo, à promoção de factores intangíveis como a hospitalidade e o desenvolvimento de marcas internacionais fortes. Para isto, as empresas devem reconhecer o investimento necessário à actividade, para desenvolver conhecimento próprio dos mercados e dos seus consumidores e criar pontes de proximidade com os mesmos e em ajustar a estrutura organizacional aos novos objectivos do negócio. Assim sendo, a definição de mercados prioritários e a resiliência na aplicação da estratégia internacional são cruciais ao sucesso. Por último, o estudo conclui que parcerias estratégicas, associativismo ou mesmo a produção para marcas de distribuidor são estratégias viáveis para fazer face à escassez de recursos financeiros, característica de empresas com origem em países com mercados internos reduzidos.

The social revolt of October 18, in Chile, became a process that shook the country from its deepest foundations. This moment of social explosion was accompanied by an equal explosion of the production of images, performances and artistic actions throughout the country, highlighting the deep symbolic dimension of the protests. In this context, the "Museum of Dignity" action, created by a group of the same name, calls attention. It intervenes in the images produced by the protests, arranged on the walls of the city of Santiago. The interventions produced by the Museum of Dignity group, which insert street actions into golden frames, raise a series of important questions about art, institutions of culture, heritage and preservation. This article tries to analyze the different effects of the Museum of Dignity action in the public sphere, based on the method of Critical Analysis of the Discourse (Fairclough, 2001). The emphasis will be placed on the aspect of critical discursive practice that interferes in the public sphere (both artistically and socially) producing dissent (Mouffe, 2014; Rancière, 2009) and shuffling the regimes of art (Rancière, 2005) in their presence. ; La revuelta social del 18 de octubre, en Chile, constituyó un proceso que estremeció al país desde sus bases más profundas. Ese momento de explosión social estuvo acompañado de una igual explosión en la producción de imágenes, performances y acciones artísticas, por todo el país, que evidenciaron la profunda dimensión simbólica de las manifestaciones. En ese contexto, llama la atención la acción Museo de la Dignidad, creada por un colectivo homónimo, que interviene en las imágenes producidas por las protestas, dispuestas en los muros de la ciudad de Santiago. Estas intervenciones insertan acciones callejeras en marcos dorados y suscitan una serie de cuestionamientos importantes sobre el arte y las instituciones de la cultura, patrimonio y preservación. Este artículo pretende analizar los distintos efectos de la acción Museo de la Dignidad en la esfera pública, a partirdel método del Análisis de Discurso Crítico (Fairclough, 2001). Se enfatizará el aspecto de práctica discursiva crítica que interfiere en la esfera pública (tanto artística como socialmente), lo cual produce el disenso (Mouffe, 2014; Rancière, 2009) y baraja los regímenes del arte (Rancière, 2005) en su presencia.

This book provides an overview of the latest developments in the field of risk analysis (RA). Statistical methodologies have long-since been employed as crucial decision support tools in RA. Thus, in the context of this new century, characterized by a variety of daily risks - from security to health risks - the importance of exploring theoretical and applied issues connecting RA and statistical modeling (SM) is self-evident. In addition to discussing the latest methodological advances in these areas, the book explores applications in a broad range of settings, such as medicine, biology, insurance, pharmacology and agriculture, while also fostering applications in newly emerging areas. This book is intended for graduate students as well as quantitative researchers in the area of RA.

This book covers the latest results in the field of risk analysis. Presented topics include probabilistic models in cancer research, models and methods in longevity, epidemiology of cancer risk, engineering reliability and economical risk problems. The contributions of this volume originate from the 5th International Conference on Risk Analysis (ICRA 5). The conference brought together researchers and practitioners working in the field of risk analysis in order to present new theoretical and computational methods with applications in biology, environmental sciences, public health, economics and finance.

Governments around the world invest considerable resources to reduce damages caused by large carnivores on human property. To use these investments more efficiently and effectively, we need to understand which interventions successfully prevent such damages and which do not. In the European Union, the LIFE program represents by far the largest financial instrument to help EU Member States with the implementation of conservation activities, including mitigation of damages caused by large carnivores. However, we currently lack information about the effectiveness of this funding program in reducing carnivore damages. We reviewed 135 LIFE projects dealing with large carnivores between 1992 and 2019 to provide an overview of the use of damage prevention methods and evaluate their functional and perceived effectiveness. Methods evaluated ranged from non-lethal and lethal interventions, to information dissemination and compensation schemes. The largest number of the projects was focused on grey wolf (Canis lupus) and brown bears (Ursus arctos) in the Mediterranean countries and in Romania. Electric fences were reported as the most successful method for reducing damages by large carnivores, and most of the non-lethal methods used showed at least moderate effectiveness. However, standards of measuring and reporting effectiveness were in general relatively low, which limits our ability to measure actual impact. We urge project managers and evaluators to improve these standards, as well as the dissemination of the project results. We provide a list of recommendations for improving measuring and reporting success of implemented interventions for the benefit of future projects aimed to reduce damages caused by wildlife. ; The study was funded by the European Union as part of the EuroLargeCarnivores LIFE project (grant number LIFE16 GIE/DE/000661). JVLB was additionally supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness (RYC-2015–18932; CGL2017–87528-R AEI/FEDER EU). MK was additionally supported by the Slovenian Research Agency (grants P4–0059 and N1–0163).

This book covers the latest results in the field of risk analysis. Presented topics include probabilistic models in cancer research, models and methods in longevity, epidemiology of cancer risk, engineering reliability and economical risk problems. The contributions of this volume originate from the 5th International Conference on Risk Analysis (ICRA 5). The conference brought together researchers and practitioners working in the field of risk analysis in order to present new theoretical and computational methods with applications in biology, environmental sciences, public health, economics and finance.

Governments around the world invest considerable resources to reduce damages caused by large carnivores on human property. To use these investments more efficiently and effectively, we need to understand which interventions successfully prevent such damages and which do not. In the European Union, the LIFE program represents by far the largest financial instrument to help EU Member States with the implementation of conservation activities, including mitigation of damages caused by large carnivores. However, we currently lack information about the effectiveness of this funding program in reducing carnivore damages. We reviewed 135 LIFE projects dealing with large carnivores between 1992 and 2019 to provide an overview of the use of damage prevention methods and evaluate their functional and perceived effectiveness. Methods evaluated ranged from non-lethal and lethal interventions, to information dissemination and compensation schemes. The largest number of the projects was focused on grey wolf (Canis lupus) and brown bears (Ursus arctos) in the Mediterranean countries and in Romania. Electric fences were reported as the most successful method for reducing damages by large carnivores, and most of the non-lethal methods used showed at least moderate effectiveness. However, standards of measuring and reporting effectiveness were in general relatively low, which limits our ability to measure actual impact. We urge project managers and evaluators to improve these standards, as well as the dissemination of the project results. We provide a list of recommendations for improving measuring and reporting success of implemented interventions for the benefit of future projects aimed to reduce damages caused by wildlife.

Effective work practices and good employee relations are a real necessity of nowadays organizations, as they can help to reduce absenteeism, turnover, organizational costs, conducting to high levels of commitment, effectiveness, performance as well as productivity. Addressing these questions, this book focuses on the implications of changes in productivity and organizational management, exploring models, tools and processes.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate characteristics of African-Brazilians young adults with excellent dental occlusion, including bimaxillary protrusion; compare them to European-American Caucasian standards, and determine whether there is sexual dimorphism in the display of this phenotype. METHODS: Lateral cephalometric radiographs were obtained from 43 African-Brazilians within military personnel (28 males and 15 females, average age 22.4 ± 3.4 years) with normal occlusion, selected from a group of 394 volunteers. Thirty-one angular and linear measurements were evaluated. Student's t-test for independent samples was used to compare results with those established by European-American standards, previously described in the literature. RESULTS: Considering the dentoalveolar pattern, seven angular and six linear measurements showed statistically significant differences (p< 0.001) when compared to Caucasian cephalometric standards. African-Brazilians' subjects showed lower cranial base angle (SNAr = 119.87 ± 5.66º) and anterior cranial base length (SN-distance = 68.63 ± 4.50 mm) (p< 0.001). The maxilla (SNA = 88.51 ± 3.23º) and the mandible (SNB = 85.06 ± 3.24º) were protruded in relation to the SN line (p< 0.001). Sexual dimorphism was significant for L1.NB (degrees) (p< 0.01), and interincisal angle (U1.L1) (p< 0.05). CONCLUSION: African-Brazilian young adults presented differences regarding dental and craniofacial characteristics, when compared to European-American norms. It can be stated that Caucasian cephalometric norms should not be applied to African-Brazilian faces.

Triterpenoids are a large class of naturally occurring compounds, and some potentially interesting as anticancer agents have been found to target mitochondria. The objective of the present work was to investigate the mechanisms of mitochondrial toxicity induced by novel dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) derivatives of pentacyclic triterpenes, which were previously shown to inhibit the growth of melanoma cells in vitro. MCF-7, Hs 578T and BJ cell lines, as well as isolated hepatic mitochondria, were used to investigate direct mitochondrial effects. On isolated mitochondrial hepatic fractions, respiratory parameters, mitochondrial transmembrane electric potential, induction of the mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) pore and ion transport-dependent osmotic swelling were measured. Our results indicate that the DMAP triterpenoid derivatives lead to fragmentation and depolarization of the mitochondrial network in situ, and to inhibition of uncoupled respiration, induction of the permeability transition pore and depolarization of isolated hepatic mitochondria. The results show that mitochondrial toxicity is an important component of the biological interaction of DMAP derivatives, which can explain the effects observed in cancer cells. ; This work was supported by projects Pest-C/SAU/LA0001/2013– 2014 and PTDC/QUI-QUI/101409/2008 funded by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT), Portugal, and cofinanced by: 'COMPETE- Programa Operacional Factores de Competitividade', QREN and European Union (FEDER-Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional). T.C.-O. was supported by the FCT postdoctoral fellowship SFRH/BPD/34711/2007, T.L.S. supported by the FCT postdoctoral fellowship SFRH/BPD/75959/2011, both co-financed by POPHPrograma Operacional Potencial Humano, QREN and European Union.

There are many nanoencapsulation systems available today. Among all these, mesoporous silica particles (MSPs) have received great attention in the last few years. Their large surface-to-volume ratio, biocompatibility, and versatility allow the encapsulation of a wide variety of drugs inside their pores. However, their chemical instability in biological fluids is a handicap to program the precise release of the therapeutic compounds. Taking advantage of the dissolving capacity of silica, in this study, we generate hollow capsules using MSPs as transitory sacrificial templates. We show how, upon MSP coating with different polyelectrolytes or proteins, fully customized hollow shells can be produced. These capsules are biocompatible, flexible, and biodegradable, and can be decorated with nanoparticles or carbon nanotubes to endow the systems with supplementary intrinsic properties. We also fill the capsules with a fluorescent dye to demonstrate intracellular compound release. Finally, we document how fluorescent polymeric capsules are engulfed by cells, releasing their encapsulated agent during the first 96 h. In summary, here, we describe how to assemble a highly versatile encapsulation structure based on silica mesoporous cores that are completely removed from the final polymeric capsule system. These drug encapsulation systems are highly customizable and have great versatility as they can be made using silica cores of different sizes and multiple coatings. This provides capsules with unique programmable attributes that are fully customizable according to the specific needs of each disease or target tissue for the development of nanocarriers in personalized medicine. ; This research was funded by ISCIII Projects ref. PI19/00349, DTS19/00033, co-funded by ERDF/ESF, "Investing in your future"; and MICINN Projects ref. CTM2017-84050-R, Xunta de Galicia (Centro Singular de Investigación de Galicia-Accreditation 2016-2019 and EM2014/035), European Union FEDER Funds (European Regional Development Fund-ERDF), and IDIVAL for INNVAL19/18 and INNVAL20/13 and the technical support.