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Aunque presenta innumerables ventajas, no todo son parabienes en Internet: en primer lugar, la Red ha significado un giro en el concepto de «sociedad de la información» pues es un medio de libre acceso, al menos por ahora, aunque no tan democrático e igualitario como se pretende mostrar. De hecho, el uso de Internet se centra en los países desarrollados, en las clases medias con educación superior y en la lengua inglesa. Para comprender el alcance de este acontecimiento se hace necesario examinar de qué forma está evolucionando, cómo influye en la sociedad y las políticas gubernamentales a seguir. Por otro lado, a pesar de su corta vida ya se está replanteando su futuro puesto que las infraestructuras existentes, aunque se desarrollen, mejoren y adapten, no pueden sostener un crecimiento ilimitado. Sea como fuere, el impacto que ha producido este nuevo medio de transmisión de información es indiscutible por lo que se impone una seria reflexión acerca de sus aspectos más significativos por parte de los distintos actores y sectores implicados. ; Internet has many advantages, but not everything is positive. First of all, Internet has changed our views upon an «information society» because it can be freely accessed, but it is not as democratic as it is portrayed. In fact, it is centered in developed countries, in highly educated middle class, and in the English language. In order to fully understand its consequences we need to examine the way it is evolving and how it affects society and also governmental policies. On the other hand, although the Internet is very young its future is already being remodelled, since today's infrastructures cannot sustain an unlimited growth, even if developed, improved and adapted. In any case, the impact of this new information exchange means is out of discussion and it demands serious consideration of its more meaningful aspects by the various agents and sectors involved in it.

La relación entre ciencia y sociedad ha cambiado radicalmente en los últimos 30 años desde el denominado modelo de déficit cognitivo (centrado en la falta de cultura científica de los ciudadanos) hasta la participación del público en la ciencia. Una transformación impulsada por la irrupción de Internet que, no sólo ha favorecido un papel más activo de la sociedad en el desarrollo científico, sino que también ha generado un nuevo escenario de estudio centrado en el análisis de la democratización del proceso científico al amparo del universo digital y su impacto social y cultural. Aunque aún es incipiente, ya existe una corriente académica que ha puesto el foco de atención en este nuevo campo de investigación humanística. Estos autores apuntan, entre sus conclusiones, que el acceso abierto y la participación pública que posibilitan las herramientas de la Web 2.0 apoyan la socialización del proceso científico y contribuyen al desarrollo de una investigación e innovación responsable. En el presente trabajo se reivindica la importancia de desarrollar un marco teórico desde las ciencias sociales y humanidades digitales que permita analizar tanto el papel de Internet en el impulso de la RRI, como la calidad, efectividad y características de las interacciones digitales entre ciencia y sociedad. ; The relation between science and society has radically changed in the last 30 years from the deficit model — in which the general public is defined negatively due to its lack of knowledge — to the participative model. A transformation encouraged by the Internet irruption, which not only has improved a better role of society in scientific development but also it has created a new research field focused on the analysis of democratization of scientific process and its social and cultural impact. However, this research area is yet emerging, it just exists a strong academic framework aiming attention at this new field of humanistic research. These scholars indicate, among their conclusions, that open access and public engagement in science enhanced by web 2.0 tools promote the socialization of the scientific process and contribute to the consolidation of responsible research and innovation. The present article claims for the importance to develop a new framework from social sciences and digital humanities to study the Internet impact on the implementation of RRI and to analyze the quality, the effectivity and the characteristics of the digital connections between science and society.

La relación entre ciencia y sociedad ha cambiado radicalmente en los últimos 30 años desde el denominado modelo de déficit cognitivo (centrado en la falta de cultura científica de los ciudadanos) hasta la participación del público en la ciencia. Una transformación impulsada por la irrupción de Internet que, no sólo ha favorecido un papel más activo de la sociedad en el desarrollo científico, sino que también ha generado un nuevo escenario de estudio centrado en el análisis de la democratización del proceso científico al amparo del universo digital y su impacto social y cultural. Aunque aún es incipiente, ya existe una corriente académica que ha puesto el foco de atención en este nuevo campo de investigación humanística. Estos autores apuntan, entre sus conclusiones, que el acceso abierto y la participación pública que posibilitan las herramientas de la Web 2.0 apoyan la socialización del proceso científico y contribuyen al desarrollo de una investigación e innovación responsable. En el presente trabajo se reivindica la importancia de desarrollar un marco teórico desde las ciencias sociales y humanidades digitales que permita analizar tanto el papel de Internet en el impulso de la RRI, como la calidad, efectividad y características de las interacciones digitales entre ciencia y sociedad ; The relation between science and society has radically changed in the last 30 years from the deficit model — in which the general public is defined negatively due to its lack of knowledge — to the participative model. A transformation encouraged by the Internet irruption, which not only has improved a better role of society in scientific development but also it has created a new research field focused on the analysis of democratization of scientific process and its social and cultural impact. However, this research area is yet emerging, it just exists a strong academic framework aiming attention at this new field of humanistic research. These scholars indicate, among their conclusions, that open access and public engagement in science enhanced by web 2.0 tools promote the socialization of the scientific process and contribute to the consolidation of responsible research and innovation. The present article claims for the importance to develop a new framework from social sciences and digital humanities to study the Internet impact on the implementation of RRI and to analyze the quality, the effectivity and the characteristics of the digital connections between science and society.

12th International Technology, Education and Development Conference. Valencia, 5-7 de marzo, 2018. ; Website localization constitutes a new field of study and professional intervention. Localization can be described as a global process in which globalization and internationalization come together in an effort to prepare a particular product for a particular locale. We could define locale as the collection of features of the user's environment that is dependent on language, country/region, and cultural conventions. Locales usually provide more information about cultural conventions than about languages. As a result, the term localization remains irremediably linked to the concept of culture. Correct localization cannot be achieved without knowing and bearing in mind the locale to which it is directed. It is also necessary to point out that localization is a modality of translation. Localization involves translation of textual content into language and textual conventions of the target locale and adaptation of non-textual content as well as input, output and delivery mechanisms to take into account the cultural, technical and regulatory requirements of that locale. In sum, localization is not so much about specific tasks as it is about the processes by which products are adapted. The translation process requires language professionals to perform various roles, completing each stage on time and undertaking multiple tasks in order to meet the conditions for delivery of the translation in accordance with a series of quality parameters [1-10]. For its part, localization involves a variety of agents in the localization process, though their number may vary from a single person responsible for the entire process to a multiplicity of agents in large organizations, including business managers, localization managers, localization engineers, terminologists, locators, quality control operators and freelance translators, among others. The process also varies considerably depending on the nature of the project, the technologies involved, the resources available and even the type of translation process employed. The particularities of this translation modality make the use of translation tools, also known by the acronym CAT (Computer Assisted Translation) tools, a necessity. Furthermore, we should not forget that these particularities complicate the translation process in terms of the time and effort required. In order to raise the students of the Bachelor's Degree in Translation and Interpretation to the level required by this hyper-competitive market, production times must be reduced, and this is where CAT tools come into their own. While professional website translators-localisers form part of a complex team, they often do not participate in the decisions taken in the primary stages of web localization. With this in mind we must forget the concept of the localiser as an isolated element and begin to see them as an integral part of a complex production chain. With the right training a web content translator may be qualified to carry out several of these functions. In any case they would always have a wide range of CAT tools available to make the job easier. Bearing this in mind, the primary objective of our research t is to define and analyse CAT tools that are useful for training web content translators-localisers at any stage of the translation project. We have done a classification of the best Localization tools according to the different stage of the process. ; Spanish "Ministry of Science and Innovation" for supporting this study, in the framework of the research Project CSO2015-64532-R, partially funded by the FEDER program of the European Union.

Constant changes in the economic environment, where globalisation and the development of the knowledge economy act as drivers, are systematically pushing companies towards the challenge of accessing external markets. Web localization constitutes a new field of study and professional intervention. From the translation perspective, localization equates to the website being adjusted to the typological, discursive and genre conventions of the target culture, adapting that website to a different language and culture. This entails much more than simply translating the content of the pages. The content of a webpage is made up of text, images and other multimedia elements, all of which have to be translated and subjected to cultural adaptation. The user must never notice that the site was originally created in another language. In addition, commercial and business translation have certain particularities which must be studied and borne in mind so as to achieve the desired communication goals. ; The authors are grateful to the Spanish "Ministry of Science and Innovation" for supporting this study, in the framework of the research Project CSO2015-64532-R, partially funded by the FEDER program of the European Union.

Constant changes in the economic environment, where globalization and the development of the knowledge economy act as drivers, are systematically pushing companies towards the challenge of accessing external markets. Web localization constitutes a new field of study and professional intervention. From the translation perspective, localization equates to the website being adjusted to the typological, discursive and genre conventions of the target culture, adapting that website to a different language and culture. This entails much more than simply translating the content of the pages. The content of a webpage is made up of text, images and other multimedia elements, all of which have to be translated and subjected to cultural adaptation. A case study has been carried out to analyze the current presence of localization within Spanish SMEs from the chemical sector. Two types of indicator have been established for evaluating the sample: indicators for evaluating company websites (with a Likert scale from 0-4) and indicators for evaluating web localization (0-2 scale). The results show overall website quality is acceptable (2.5 points out of 4). The higher rating has been obtained by the system quality (with 2.9), followed by information quality (2.7 points) and, lastly, service quality (1.9 points). In the web localization evaluation, the contact information aspects obtain 1.4 points, the visual aspect 1.04, and the navigation aspect was the worse considered (0.37). These types of analysis facilitate the establishment of practical recommendations aimed at SMEs in order to increase their international presence through the localization of their websites. ; The authors are grateful to the Spanish "Ministry of Science and Innovation" for supporting this study, in the framework of the research Project CSO2015-64532-R, partially funded by the FEDER program of the European Union.

One of the hottest topics of debate in the context of higher education is the existing divide in different regions of the world between university training and the job market. Although no consensus exists on possible ways to solve this, it is probably necessary to seek a balance between passive submission to the fluctuations in market demands, and settling in to educational stagnation. The Translation and Interpreting Degree offered in Spanish universities teaches students specific linguistic, cultural and instrumental knowledge that enables them to solve problems specific to the essential modalities and spheres of translation and interpreting. The job market those graduating in this degree enter is complex, for various reasons [1]. It is a dynamic, multimedia market, focused on speed, which demands high quality, based on teamwork and, above all in recent times, one dominated by localization as an emerging activity [2]. It can be affirmed that, given that translation has evolved in the same manner as its environment, teaching methods must also adapt to the new era and to the reality of the market. We have proposed a teaching-learning environment based on our PATT (Professional Approach to Translator Training) Model [3-4] which, under a social constructivist focus, offers the opportunity to integrate the fundamental subjects of the degree in a way that the training of future translators is guaranteed the necessary coherence provided by this broad vision of the profession. In this context, ICTs are essential tools. Despite the fact that, traditionally, student assessment has focused on the product, that is, the translated text, we argue that the assessment of the translation process, although entailing an enormous challenge, better reflects the acquisition of skills. Furthermore, the ideal situation would be for students, within the framework of continuous training, to be able to manage their own learning experience. We have designed self-assessment and peer review tools that take in a wide range of skills. Within the sphere of translation, localization is the linguistic, cultural and technical translation, and adaptation, of an electronic product into another product aimed at a local market. In the final part of our study we focus on pedagogical issues related to the training of specialised translators and localizers who will be working in the field of web localization. ; This study was supported by the RD&I Project CSO2015-64532-R (Spanish "Ministry of Science and Innovation") partially funded by the FEDER program of the European Union.

The authors propose a new index called IPABA –composed by the evaluation criteria: Identification, Presence, Audience, Browsability), Accesibility- for determining the potential visibility of UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Spain and Mexico on the basis of their official websites. This index is based on a checklist which includes new categories and items that influence the visibility of these websites. The sample is exhaustive, comprising the 114 Mexican and Spanish websites that are the official, government-sanctioned online representations of the World Heritage Sites in question. The results reveal changes in social behavior with regard to communication. The majority of the websites assessed had an overall score that was very acceptable with more than 650 points of a maximum of 1000, although differences were observed between countries in terms of presence on social networks. ; HUM466 - Acceso y evaluación de la información científica

Constant changes in the economic environment, where globalization and the development of the knowledge economy act as drivers, are systematically pushing companies towards the challenge of accessing external markets. Web localization constitutes a new field of study and professional intervention. From the translation perspective, localization equates to the website being adjusted to the typological, discursive and genre conventions of the target culture, adapting that website to a different language and culture. This entails much more than simply translating the content of the pages. The content of a webpage is made up of text, images and other multimedia elements, all of which have to be translated and subjected to cultural adaptation. A case study has been carried out to analyze the current presence of localization within Spanish SMEs from the chemical sector. Two types of indicator have been established for evaluating the sample: indicators for evaluating company websites (with a Likert scale from 0-4) and indicators for evaluating web localization (0-2 scale). The results show overall website quality is acceptable (2.5 points out of 4). The higher rating has been obtained by the system quality (with 2.9), followed by information quality (2.7 points) and, lastly, service quality (1.9 points). In the web localization evaluation, the contact information aspects obtain 1.4 points, the visual aspect 1.04, and the navigation aspect was the worse considered (0.37). These types of analysis facilitate the establishment of practical recommendations aimed at SMEs in order to increase their international presence through the localization of their websites. ; The authors are grateful to the Spanish "Ministry of Science and Innovation" for supporting this study, in the framework of the research Project CSO2015-64532-R, partially funded by the FEDER program of the European Union.

The history of public communication of science in Spain is yet to be written. Few academic studies exist that have tackled this subject. The political and economic history of the country have marked out the evolution of this discipline, which burst into the country at the end of the 20th century with the proliferation of initiatives such as the creation of science museums, the building of the Spanish Science Foundation and the development of a public Scientific Information service. Despite these efforts, the level of scientific culture for Spanish people is one of the lowest in Europe [OECD, 2016].

Constant changes in the economic environment, where globalisation and the development of the knowledge economy act as drivers, are systematically pushing companies towards the challenge of accessing external markets. Web localization constitutes a new field of study and professional intervention. From the translation perspective, localization equates to the website being adjusted to the typological, discursive and genre conventions of the target culture, adapting that website to a different language and culture. This entails much more than simply translating the content of the pages. The content of a webpage is made up of text, images and other multimedia elements, all of which have to be translated and subjected to cultural adaptation. The user must never notice that the site was originally created in another language. In addition, commercial and business translation have certain particularities which must be studied and borne in mind so as to achieve the desired communication goals. The translation process entails that a language professional will perform various roles, completing each stage on time and undertaking multiple tasks in order to meet the conditions for delivery of the translation in accordance with certain quality parameters (Olvera-Lobo et al., 2007a, 2007b, 2008a, 2008b, 2009, 2011, 2014, 2015; Robinson et al., 2011, 2013, 2016). For its part, localization involves different agents in the localization process although their number may vary from a sole person responsible of the entire process to a multiplicity of agents in large organisations: managers of businesses, localization managers, localization engineers, terminologists, locators, quality control operators and freelance translators, among others. The process also varies considerably depending on the nature of the project (marketing website, web-based application, e-commerce site, and so on), the technologies involved, the resources available and even the type of translation process employed. This contribution presents the application of a new teaching methodology to the teaching/learning of localization in the undergraduate training of Translation and Interpreting, applying the didactic model PATT (Professional Approach to Translation Training), widely extended in the teaching of Translation, that has been adapted to the new characteristics of this new professional profile. In the context of localization we have revised and redesigned the model to integrate knowledge and skills required in localization. The revision of PATT has involved modifications to enhance the quality of the learning experience of localization students and make the assessment process more transparent. These changes entailed more detailed scaffolding to incorporate a range of tasks enabling learners to further exercise higher order thinking skills. In this contribution we present a new didactic model adapted to the localization learners and their application in the localization process. ; The authors are grateful to the Spanish "Ministry of Science and Innovation" for supporting this study, in the framework of the research Project CSO2015-64532-R, partially funded by the FEDER program of the European Union.