Suchergebnisse

Through the ages there were men who refused the problems of the societies that they lived in , those were called Utopians . As they introduced their beliefs for better societies in imaginary sketches , their works were only concerned with the economical , social and political structure of the city . However eventually the utopian thinking has evoloved to include the urban structure of the city as well through the participation of architects and planners

The problem of the current research lies in the importance of the program in the educational process and the importance of the Islamic education subject, which is intended to studyIssuesandChallengesthatI was busyMany nations, andfacing our societiesIn contemporary times andNecessaryThe orderIn addressing many contemporary issuesOn the one hand, and also to achieve the desired goals on the other hand, So the problem liesCurrent researchWith the questions (What topics does the program include and what are its components?Suggested program for Islamic education). Hence, the current research aims to: (identify topics, build a program in light of those topics), and the current research is defined as (teachers of teaching methods in colleges in Baghdad), and to achieve the research objectives, the researchers adopted a set of procedures that included identifying the research sample from its community, which numbered (110), and the total sample was (60) chosen randomly and this sample constituted (10%) of the research community, and the researchers used the questionnaire as a tool for their research after verifying its validity and reliability, and the data was processed statistically, and the result that the researchers reached was that the topics included in the research tool had all received the approval of the research sample, and in light of that, those topics became the basis for building a program for the subject of Islamic education for the primary stage, and in light of those results, the researchers reached a number of numerous recommendations and proposals.

"Omar and his younger brother Hassan live in a refugee camp, and when an opportunity for Omar to get an education comes along, he must decide between going to school every day or caring for his nonverbal brother in this intimate and touching portrayal of family and daily life in a refugee camp"--

The United States faces major challenges in dealing with Iran, the threat of terrorism, and the tide of political instability in the Arabian Peninsula. The presence of some of the world's largest reserves of oil and natural gas, vital shipping lanes, and Shia populations throughout the region have made the peninsula the focal point of US and Iranian strategic competition.

Fuel cells are electrochemical devices that convert chemical energy directly into electrical energy with high efficiency. The high cost of platinum catalysts and sluggish reaction kinetics are the main challenges in the development of low-temperature fuel cells. Although significant efforts have been made to prepare effective non-precious-metal-based oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysts, suitable anodic catalysts are still far from realization. The reported onset potential of a nonprecious anodic catalyst toward low-molecular-weight hydrocarbons, such as methanol, ethanol, and urea, in alkaline media is approximately 0.35 V (vs. Ag/AgCl), which is far from the theoretical potentials of −0.61, −0.54, and −0.55 V (vs. Ag/AgCl), respectively. Therefore, some researchers concluded that nonprecious anodic catalysts are not practical, taking into account the ORR potential of 0.2 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) in alkaline media. Recently, however, several reports demonstrated an open-circuit voltage (OCV) of more than 0.8 V using non-precious-metal-based anodic catalysts, which contradicts expectations. Therefore, to answer these conflicting claims, this review intensively discusses the possibility of using nonprecious metals, for example Ni-based catalysts, for actual electricity generation in direct (methanol, ethanol, and urea) fuel cells, and the different methods applied to achieve the highest values of OCV. Also, the progress done in the preparation of nonprecious anodic catalysts is reviewed. Finally, conclusions and recommendations to prepare durable and active fuel cells using non-precious-metal-based anodic catalysts are presented. ; This research was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIP) (No. 2019R1A2C1006356) and by the University of Sharjah, Project No. 1602040631-P.