Suchergebnisse

Drawing on research conducted during the project, this policy brief addresses care work for elderly people in European Union countries in the context ofthe right to free movement of labour. Despite a range of guidelines and directives in the past decades, the European Union still faces the intersectional problem of an ageing population, gender inequality, and lack of rights for caregivers, the latter being mainly women and – in some countries – increasingly migrant women. The risks of older European citizens in need of care to be excluded from the right to care as well as the risk of female caregivers, in particular migrants, to work in unprotected and precarious jobs have increased in recent years, and the European Union seems so far not to be able to address these risks. The right to free movement of labour has been recognised by European member states as essential for integrating the European market and was established as one of the fundamental principles of the European Union. In fact, the preamble to the Amsterdam Treaty was "[c]onfirming [member states'] attachment tofundamental social rights as defined in the European Social Charter signed at Turin on 18 October 1961 and in the 1989 Community Charter of the Fundamental Social Rights of Workers." In relation to this, "[o]ne of the most important conditions for achieving the free movement was considered to be the co-coordination of the national social security systems of the Member States." This policy brief is based on the assumption of the right to give and receive care, which appeared to be an accepted solution by many member states during the 1990s for dealing with a) an ageing population and b) unpaid female care work, though in different shapes and degrees. This extension of citizenship rights, from the definition postulated by T.H. Marshall as the right to work, income, housing, education, and health5, to the right to care got shape during that decade by the implementation of cash-for-care schemes in many European Union member states. These schemes ...

This article aims to understand the evolution of health care governance in the Dutch hospital and home care sector. We pay particular attention to how institutionalized governance structures shape policy reform. Professionally-dominated governance structures are likely to continue to exist to some degree, even when new policy measures seek to introduce hierarchical control or market mechanisms in order to restrict professional autonomy. In contrast to the home care profession, the dominance of the medical profession with its high corporate power has been institutionalized into the governance structure, constraining actors' choices in ways that only permit incremental changes in hospital care.

This report derives from the work of coordinators of Work Package 9 of the FP7 programme bEUcitizen coordinated by Utrecht University (NL) and the University of Turin (IT) and is based on the findings of four work packages focusing on the economic (WP5), social (WP6), civil (WP7) and political (WP8) citizenship rights with regards to gendered and generational biases in the access to these citizenship rights. These findings have been discussed at a panel meeting in the Oviedo work conference of the bEUcitizen consortium in June 2016. Contributions have been presented by the University of Trento (WP5; IT), the University of Oxford (WP6; UK), University of Oviedo (WP7; ES), and Utrecht University (WP8; NL). In addition, the Institut Barcelona d'Estudis Internacionals (WP4; ES) and Utrecht University (WP3, NL) have contributed to the panel meeting. This report presents the findings of these WPs as well as the discussions during the meeting. It first presents the questions the WP9 coordinators have raised regarding gendered and generational biases in the access to the four citizenship rights to each of the representatives of WP5 to 8. Second, it summarizes the reactions to these questions. Third, the discussion at the panel meeting is presented and finally some conclusions are drawn.