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Cover -- Half Title -- Title -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- List of Illustrations -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Topography and Climate -- North -- Center -- South -- Atlantic Islands -- References -- 3 Portuguese Society -- People -- Social Cleavages -- Religion -- Education -- The Arts -- References -- 4 From Castilian Province to Portuguese Republic -- The Birth of Portugal -- Invasion by Castile -- Voyages of Discovery -- Iberian Union -- Absolutism -- Constitutional Monarchy -- The First Republic -- References -- 5 Corporatists and Monarchists Versus Republicans -- Military Dictatorship -- Salazar -- The Constitution of 1933 -- The New State -- Opposition to the New State -- References -- 6 Downfall of the New State -- Caetano -- The Colonial Wars -- The Armed Forces Movement -- Spínola -- The Shift to the Left -- The Group of Nine -- References -- 7 Consolidation of Democracy -- The Constitution of 1976 -- A Freely Elected Government -- The Democratic Alliance -- Constitutional Revisions -- The Central Bloc -- A Civilian President -- Prospects for Stability -- References -- 8 The Economy -- Economic Life Under Salazar -- The Economic Effects of April 25, 1974 -- Economic Integration with Europe -- References -- 9 Portugal and the Wider World -- Decolonization -- Relations with Selected Countries -- References -- 10 Whither Portugal? -- References -- List of Acronyms -- About the Book and Author -- Index.

Discussed is whether the purge of high-level civil servants associated with the Salazar-Caetano dictatorship carried out after the Portuguese Revolution of 25 Apr 1974 was actually effective in changing the social origins & political attitudes of individuals composing this elite group. Using an abbreviated version of a questionnaire developed at the U of Michigan to study administrative elites in Western Europe, data on careers & political attitudes were gathered from 68 top-grade national civil servants. Statistical analyses of these data reveal that there has been some, but not overwhelming, change in recruitment patterns of high-level civil servants & some change toward greater tolerance for democratic politics & less elitism. 4 Tables. Modified HA.

The status of the guerrilla wars in Angola, Mozambique and Guinea-Bissau has long been a topic of debate. While the coup d'etat in Portugal has affected the struggle for liberation in all three territories, the complexion of the debate appears to have changed most significantly with respect to the hostilities in Mozambique. This article presents an assessment of the balance of military force in Mozambique from the inception of the guerrilla war in 1964 through April 1974. Such an assessment provides an interesting perspective to recent military and political developments in that territory.Five phases can be discerned in the fighting in Mozambique since the beginning of the war in 1964. The first phase began in September of that year and ran roughly to the end of 1965. This phase was marked by the initial military successes of the nationalists, the Frente de Libertaca'o de Mozambique (FRELIMO), and the loss of some territory and population by the Portuguese in the districts of Cabo Delgado and Niassa. The second phase, which began in 1966 and ended at the close of 1969, was characterized by an increase in the ability of FRELIMO to concentrate military force on more heavily defended Portuguese positions but with a decrease in the limits of the zones of fighting in Cabo Delgado and Niassa. Phase three ran roughly through the twelve months of 1970 and was marked by a change in Portuguese counterinsurgency strategy which began with the launching of a number of highly successful counteroffensives against FRELIMO bases and sanctuaries. The fourth phase, which began in 1971 and ended in the first months of 1973, was characterized by a diminishing of the level of fighting in Cabo Delgado and Niassa and a concomitant shifting of the focus of military activities to the district of Tete. The fifth phase, which began in the summer of 1973, has been characterized by the spread of military activities from Tete to the northern sectors of Vila Pery and Beira districts. Each phase is discussed in detail below.