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This volume illustrates and deepens the understanding of current agrarian dynamics developing in Mediterranean countries in the light of recent theoretical contributions. The book compiles and analyses a set of Mediterranean case studies that show the range of transformations shaping contemporary agriculture in Southern Europe

Reseña del libro "Land, Poverty and Livelihoods in an Era of Globalisation. Perspectives from developing and transition countries" de Akram-Lodhi, A.H., Borras Jr., S.M. y Kay, C. ; Ortiz Miranda, D. (2012). Akram-Lodhi, A.H., Borras Jr., S.M. y Kay, C. (2007) Land, Poverty and Livelihoods in an Era of Globalisation. Perspectives from developing and transition countries. Routledge, Londres [Reseña]. Revista Espanola de Estudios Agrosociales Y Pesqueros. (231):211-215. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/46746 ; S ; 211 ; 215 ; 231

Ortiz Miranda, D.; Hodge, I. (2012). Entre la propiedad agraria y la ambiental: El debate respecto a los derechos de propiedad de la tierra. REVISTA ESPAÑOLA DE ESTUDIOS AGROSOCIALES Y PESQUEROS. (231):31-62. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/29253 ; S ; 31 ; 62 ; 231

[EN] Farmers' organizations are essential actors in fair trade certification schemes, and therefore in delivering their associated benefits for poor small-scale farmers. However, the dynamics and challenges faced by these cooperative organizations have been largely bypassed in the fair trade literature. In this context, this paper aims to unpack the multiple, coexisting and interwoven marketing channels available for small-scale coffee producers, unveiling potential sources of uncertainty and tensions among competing actors and interests, and identifying and assessing the strategies used by organizations to influence farmers' marketing decisions. The analysis comprises two case studies based in the department of Huehuetenango (Guatemala), where the existence of distinct marketing channels combines with processes of product differentiation, namely organic production. Results show the limitations of standard fair trade mechanisms to secure farmers' engagement with cooperative organizations. Rather, technical advice to improve farming practices and quality construction seem to be a more effective mechanism to govern this collective supply chain. Nevertheless, these strategies could be further constrained by productive and organizational factors, affecting the sustainability of potential benefits delivered by these key collective actors. Copyright (c) 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment ; This paper presents some results from the research project 'Small-scale farmers in Fairtrade schemes in Latin America: collective action, governance and social capital', funded by the Cooperation for Development Centre of the Universitat Politècnica de València. The authors thank Oxfam-INTERMON for the support provided to this research, particularly to Juanjo Martínez. We also thank members of the CRECER Association of Guatemala and staff (in particular Lucas Silvestre, Gregorio Alva and Javier Jacinto) and members of the organizations Guaya'b and CODECH for their indispensable willingness to participate in this ...

[FR] Depuis les années 90, l¿intérêt pour incorporer la territorialisation dans le processus de développement des zones rurales a augmenté de plus en plus, tant de la part des gouvernements que des propres acteurs. Cela a mené à développer des processus d¿émergence de territoires d¿activité dans les zones rurales. A présent, nous pouvons trouver sur la géographie espagnole des territoires ruraux dont les caractéristiques et l¿origine sont différentes. Les processus de création des territoires ruraux, dans beaucoup des cas, ont été accompagnés par l¿émergence, de nouveaux acteurs politiques, économiques sociaux, de l¿implantation de nouvelles valeurs et d¿une distribution du pouvoir qui oblige à gouverner de façon plus horizontale, plus proche de la population, tout en respectant le principe de subsidiarité. Tout cela correspond mieux à un Etat décentralisé, comme celui de l¿Espagne actuelle. ; Ceña, F.; Gallardo, R.; Ortiz Miranda, D. (2012). Processus d émergence des territoires ruraux dans les pays méditerranéens. L Espagne. Options Mediterraneennes. Serie B: Etudes et Recherches. (69):59-63. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/107335 ; S ; 59 ; 63 ; 69

This paper describes the development, functioning and governance of quality assurance schemes for olive oil in three cooperative organizations. Two questions are addressed: first, how the construction of new quality schemes by cooperatives can lead to the fragmentation of the membership base, and hence the need for new institutional arrangements; and second, how the development of such schemes alters the interdependencies between parties (cooperative organization and its members), and how this is governed. The comparative analysis shows the relevance of the social and cultural contexts in shaping the mechanisms of governance, as well contributing to the policy debate in the European Union regarding new food quality schemes. ; Moragues Faus, AM.; Ortiz Miranda, D. (2012). Governing cooperative quality schemes: some lessons from olive oil initiatives in the Region of Valencia (Spain). Outlook On Agriculture. 41(1):27-33. doi:10.5367/oa.2012.0072 ; S ; 27 ; 33 ; 41 ; 1

ABSTRACTThis article describes the process of legal contention between civil society, political parties, and state institutions for the baldíos lands in the Colombian Altillanura region in the last two decades, a region considered the country's "last agricultural frontier." The article focuses on the dual and sometimes contradictory roles of the state institutions, both as facilitators of baldíos grabbing and as guarantors of the peasants' legal land rights. It analyzes the different attempts by the Colombian government to remove the legal limitations to land accumulation and the resistance put up by civil society and the political parties, which resorted to the existing legal mechanisms to deactivate those attempts. The results reveal the two-sided role of the state: while the government introduces legal changes to facilitate baldíos grabbing, state bodies are actively denouncing and sanctioning illegalities or ruling in favor of peasants deprived of their lands.

Ecosystems and Sustainable Development X Edited By J.L. Miralles i Garcia, Universitat Politecnica de Valencia, Spain and C.A. Brebbia, Wessex Institute of Technology, UK ; [EN] The production of biodiesel in Brazil is encouraged by the government through the Fuel Stamp, a certification system linked to the National Plan for Production and Use of Biodiesel – PNPB – aimed at promoting economic and sustainable development. It focuses on social inclusion, also intending to reduce dependence on fossil fuels and emission of pollutants and diversify the energetic matrix through the use of different oil sources as raw material. Certification – and with it a number of tax benefits – are granted to industrial processors that are supplied with raw materials coming from small-scale farms. Thus, it facilitates the access of the family farms in this value chain. The objective of this work is to analyze the effects of this system of certification in the transactions between its main agents, farmers and processing industries. For this purpose, the work makes a revision of the studies that national public agencies have elaborated on regional cases and also scientific publications. Results show that this measure allowed the insertion of family farmers in the production chain and enabled the sustainable rural development. However, it presents gaps as the occurrence of failures in the fulfilment of contracts between family farmers and the industry. Moreover, in spite of being crop diversification, one of the objectives of the certification system, the preference of the industry for soy as raw material – because of technological reasons – is displacing traditional regional crops (for example palm and castor oil). ; Marcossi, G.; Ortiz Miranda, D.; Moreno Pérez, OM. (2015). Effects of the Brazilian biodiesel certification in the relationship between biodiesel industry and small-scale farmer. WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment. 192:285-295. doi:10.2495/ECO150261 ; S ; 285 ; 295 ; 192

285 295 192 ; Senia ; Ecosystems and Sustainable Development X Edited By J.L. Miralles i Garcia, Universitat Politecnica de Valencia, Spain and C.A. Brebbia, Wessex Institute of Technology, UK [EN] The production of biodiesel in Brazil is encouraged by the government through the Fuel Stamp, a certification system linked to the National Plan for Production and Use of Biodiesel – PNPB – aimed at promoting economic and sustainable development. It focuses on social inclusion, also intending to reduce dependence on fossil fuels and emission of pollutants and diversify the energetic matrix through the use of different oil sources as raw material. Certification – and with it a number of tax benefits – are granted to industrial processors that are supplied with raw materials coming from small-scale farms. Thus, it facilitates the access of the family farms in this value chain. The objective of this work is to analyze the effects of this system of certification in the transactions between its main agents, farmers and processing industries. For this purpose, the work makes a revision of the studies that national public agencies have elaborated on regional cases and also scientific publications. Results show that this measure allowed the insertion of family farmers in the production chain and enabled the sustainable rural development. However, it presents gaps as the occurrence of failures in the fulfilment of contracts between family farmers and the industry. Moreover, in spite of being crop diversification, one of the objectives of the certification system, the preference of the industry for soy as raw material – because of technological reasons – is displacing traditional regional crops (for example palm and castor oil). Marcossi, G.; Ortiz Miranda, D.; Moreno Pérez, OM. (2015). Effects of the Brazilian biodiesel certification in the relationship between biodiesel industry and small-scale farmer. WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment. 192:285-295. doi:10.2495/ECO150261

[EN] Urban and peri-urban agriculture have gained worldwide momentum within the framework of the renewed food and nutrition security agenda. This has a special significance for Mediterranean cities, due to their traditional strong links with their agricultural surroundings. However, the renewed dynamism of peri-urban agriculture is constrained by the limited access to farmland of new farmers or already installed farmers. This paper explores how socio-political movements that aim to renew local food systems and introduce new models of urban-peri-urban governance are revitalising the debate on access to peri-urban farmland. A comparative analysis was conducted in two Mediterranean metropolitan areas (Rome in Italy and Valencia in Spain), in which different policy frameworks shape the conditions of access to farmland. Despite the institutional differences between these two cases, the results show that, for the organisations involved in these movements, facilitating access to farmland is now a crucial challenge in achieving their multiple objectives. The paper also addresses the supportive role (and the constraints) of the local authorities in facilitating access to farmland for those producers willing to adopt alternative business models that can give rise to the transition towards more democratic and sustainable local food systems. ; This research is part of the project "Assessment of the impact of global drivers of change on Europe's food security" (TRANSMANGO), granted by the EU under 7th Framework Programme; theme KBBE.2013.2.5-01; Grant agreement no: 613532. ; Cerrada-Serra, P.; Colombo, L.; Ortiz-Miranda, D.; Grando, S. (2018). Access to agricultural land in peri-urban spaces: social mobilisation and institutional frameworks in Rome and Valencia. Food Security. 10(6):1325-1336. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12571-018-0854-8 ; S ; 1325 ; 1336 ; 10 ; 6 ; Allen, A. (2003). Environmental planning and management of the periurban interface: Perspectives on an emerging field. Environment and Urbanization, 15(1), 135–148. ...

[EN] The Brazilian biodiesel industry has rapidly developed under the National Biodiesel Production and Use Programme (PNPB) launched in 2004, which is to be replaced by a new regulatory framework that is now under discussion. This paper aims to take stock of the evolution of the structure of the biodiesel industry in this country under the implementation of the PNPB -between 2005 and 2016- and to understand its current traits. The research combines a dynamic analysis of the industrial concentration indexes (closing the time gap with previous studies on this matter) and a multivariate analysis of the productive characteristics of the biodiesel plants operating in 2016. Results show that, following a period of de-concentration between 2005 and 2011, the industry entered in a stage of certain stability in the concentration indexes. This picture disguises the exit of biodiesel plants and firms from this market and a number of business acquisitions in the last period. The static analysis has allowed for the identification of different 'business models' regarding the scale of the plants and the diversification/specialisation patterns of both raw materials and outputs. ; This work was supported by the Capes Foundation - Ministry of Education of Brazil [grant numbers BEX 9604/13-8]. We also gratefully thank the two anonymous reviewers their suggestions and comments, which contributed to significantly improve the original version of this paper. ; Moreno Pérez, OM.; Marcossi, GP.; Ortiz Miranda, D. (2017). Taking stock of the evolution of the biodiesel industry in Brazil: Business concentration and structural traits. Energy Policy. 110:525-533. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2017.09.001 ; S ; 525 ; 533 ; 110

[EN] A key element of regional growth is its ability to transform knowledge into innovation. This research combines a group of indicators which define innovative regions with a rurality versus urbanization typology, in order to formulate guidelines to facilitate the emergence of higher levels of organizational innovation. Three main findings stem from this work. First, rurality does not appear prohibitive to the achievement of organizational innovation. Second, in regions with low levels of tertiary education, a combination of high levels of collaboration among small- and medium-sized enterprises, and public investment in research and development facilitates significant rates of organizational innovation. Third, in general, collaboration among firms promotes organizational innovation. The results of this research are in line with those from other studies in the sense that regions with internal and external networks show enhanced growth and innovation capacities. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc All rights reserved. ; The authors thank Norat Roig-Tierno, ESIC Business and Marketing School and Valencian International University (VIU) for his careful reading and suggestions, especially in the methodology section. We wish to thank the Project AGL2015-65897-C3-3-R funded by the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, for its support for this research. ; Mas Verdú, F.; Ortiz Miranda, D.; García Alvarez-Coque, JM. (2016). Examining organizational innovations in different regional settings. Journal of Business Research. 69(11):5324-5329. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2016.04.132 ; S ; 5324 ; 5329 ; 69 ; 11

[EN] The recent economic crisis in Spain has provoked a number of food and nutrition security (FNS) impacts that have fuelled a fragmented landscape of food-related debates, although these have not taken the form of a coherent and allembracing public discussion on national food security. This paper is an inductive analysis of such debates, mostly based on media coverage, in an attempt to disentangle the different discourse frames on FNS in Spain, and the role played by the economic crisis in the shaping and underpinning of such frames. For this purpose a frame matrix was constructed, paying particular attention to the stakeholders governance claims in order to confront frame-specific problems. Results show how stakeholders have used elements of the crisis to underpin or reinterpret their core arguments. In addition, governance claims have concentrated on the malfunctioning of the food chain, mostly due to unequal bargaining power, and the way this could be putting at risk crucial components of the food system and future FNS. Also, the short-termism of most stakeholders approaches obscures the long run threats to the Spanish food system. ; This research is part of the project "Assessment of the impact of global drivers of change on Europe's food security" (TRANSMANGO), granted by the EU under 7th Framework Programme, theme KBBE.2013.2.5-01, Grant agreement no: 613532. Authors gratefully appreciate the comments and suggestions made by the three anonymous reviewers and the editors of the Journal.O ; Ortiz Miranda, D.; Moreno Pérez, OM.; Arnalte Alegre, EV. (2016). Food and nutrition security discursive frames in the context of the Spanish economic crisis. Food Security. 8(3):665-677. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12571-016-0574-x ; S ; 665 ; 677 ; 8 ; 3 ; Antentas, J. M., & Vivas, E. (2014). Impacto de la crisis en el derecho a una alimentación sana y saludable. Informe SESPAS 2014. Gaceta Sanitaria, 28(S1), 58–61. ; Brunori, G., Malandrin, V., & Rossi, A. (2013). Trade-off or convergence? The role of food ...

[EN] Food (in)security has become a challenge not only for developing economies but also for High Income Countries. In parallel, food scholars have actively investigated the contribution of alternative food networks (AFNs) to the development of more sustainable and just food systems, paying attention to drivers, initiatives and policies supporting the development of alternatives to the dominant industrialised food system and its detrimental environmental and socio-economic impacts. However, few studies have directly addressed the contribution of AFNs to food security in the Global North. This paper aims to establish new linkages between food security debates and critical AFNs literature. For that purpose, we conduct a place-based approach to food security in a comparative analysis of initiatives of three different European contexts: Cardiff city-region (UK), the Flemish Region (Belgium) and the peri-urban area of the city of Valencia (Spain). The results unfold: i) how AFNs weave a more localised socio-economic fabric that creates new relationships between food security outcomes and specific territories, ii) hybridization processes within alternative but also conventional systems and iii) the role of advocacy and collective action at different levels. The analysis allows identification of key elements on which food security debates hinge and provides new insights to ground conceptual discussions on territorial and place-based food security approaches. ; This research is part of the project "Assessment of the impact of global drivers of change on Europe's food security" (TRANSMANGO), granted by the EU under 7th Framework Programme; theme KBBE.2013.2.5-01; Grant agreement no: 613532. Dr. Ana Moragues-Faus also acknowledges the funding of the European Commission and the Welsh Government that currently supports her Ser Cymru fellowship. These results reflect only the authors' view; the funders are not liable for any use that may be made of the information contained therein. ; Cerrada-Serra, P.; Moragues-Faus, A.; ...