Suchergebnisse

This volume is a manifestation of the continuing interest of scholars at the University of Michigan in Philippine studies. Written by a generation of post-colonial scholars, it attempts to unravel some of the historical problems of the colonial era. Again and again the authors focus on the relationship of the ilustrados and the Americans, on the problems of continuity and discontinuity, and on the meaning of "modernization" in the Philippine context. As part of the Vietnam generation, these authors have looked at American imperialism with a new perspective, and yet their analysis is tempered, not strident, and reflective, not dogmatic. Perhaps the most central theme to emerge is the depth of the contradiction inherent in the American colonial experiment. [vi-vii]

Cover -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Preface -- About the Authors -- Chronology -- Abbreviations -- Introduction: Philippine Society and American Colonialism -- Implementing the "New Order": The Structure and Supervision of Local Government During the Taft Era -- Conflict in the Philippine Legislature: The Commission and the Assembly from 1907 to 1913 -- Philippine Economic Development and American Policy: A Reappraisal -- American Internal Revenue Policy in the Philippines to 1916 -- Quezon's Role in Philippine Independence -- Joseph Ralston Hayden: The Education of a Colonialist -- Select Bibliography.

In this study of mid-nineteenth century Tigaon, comparisons of actual ages (calculated from baptisms) with stated ages (at marriages and burials and in parish censuses) show a high degree of error. Over half of all stated ages of adults, for example, were more than one year in error. Much of this error appears to be random, and some may be accounted for by digit preference, tax avoidance, or simple "rounding up". There are also indications, however, of an underlying indigenous model of society based on physiological development rather than chronological age ; stated ages, particularly for women, tend to bc adjusted toward the fertile years between 18 and 40.

The paradox can be expressed simply: the population of nineteenth-century Southeast Asia apparently grew much more rapidly than precedent or demographic theory would have led us to expect. In the two areas for which we have the most and best data — Dutch Java and the Spanish Philippines — almost all the statistical evidence points to rates of natural increase reaching 1 per cent a year by the early nineteenth century and rising well above that level for most of the rest of the century. Though the evidence is much less clear for other countries in the region, it is generally compatible with a hypothesis of comparably rapid growth. In Siam, for example, the trend line passing through most nineteenth-century estimates reaches 1.3 per cent by the 1860s, 3 per cent by the 1890s.

The dynamics of the eighteenth century -- New choices and constraints -- Economic, political, and social transformations -- Passages out of the colonial era -- Coping with independence and interdependence