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The city of Cincinnati has been the location of much racial unrest that has recently garnered U.S. national attention. Rated as one of Ohio's most livable cities, "The Queen City" of Ohio erupted in racial protest and anger following the killing of unarmed Timothy Thomas, an African American man, by a European American city police officer. This police killing represented the 15th reported death of African American men by Cincinnati's police officers in the past 5 years. Bearing in mind the contemporary racial situation of Cincinnati, Ohio, this article uses a conceptual/theoretical construct of historical archeology to focus on the political and power-laden historically situated aspects of the city's race relations, particularly in the field of education.

In article modern cooperation between the African countries and the EU, the main ways and forms of activization of development of economic euro-African cooperation, a condition and the factors promoting development of the European-African cooperation at the present stage are analyzed. The directions of diversification of forms, methods and mechanisms of the European-African cooperation are considered. The role of strategy of cooperation between the European Union and the international economic organizations in stabilization of economy of the African countries is analyzed. Special attention is paid to the perspective directions of development of economic cooperation of the countries of Africa and the EU. Authors called potential problems on the way of development of the international economic cooperation of the countries of Europe and Africa. ; В статье анализируются современное сотрудничество между африканскими странами и ЕС, основные пути и формы активизации развития экономического евро-африканского сотрудничества, условия и факторы, способствующие развитию европейско-африканского сотрудничества на современном этапе. Рассматриваются направления диверсификации форм, методов и механизмов европейско-африканского сотрудничества. Анализируется роль стратегий сотрудничества между Европейским союзом и международными экономическими организациями в стабилизации экономики африканских стран. Отдельное внимание уделяется перспективным направлениям развития экономического сотрудничества стран Африки и ЕС. Авторы назвали потенциальные проблемы на пути развития международного экономического сотрудничества стран Европы и Африки.

INTRODUCTION: Trauma accounts for a significant proportion of the global burden of disease, with highest mortality rates seen in Africa. This epidemic is predicted to increase with urbanisation and an aim of the Sustainable Development Goals is to reduce deaths and trauma caused by road accidents. Data available on urban trauma in Sierra Leone is limited. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective observational study of trauma and injury related presentations to the emergency centre (EC) of Connaught Hospital, the principal adult tertiary referral centre in Freetown, Sierra Leone between January and March 2016. Patient demographics are described with mechanism of injury. Additional data on length of stay and surgical procedures were recorded for admissions to the trauma ward. RESULTS: During the 3-month period, a total of 340 patients with injury presented to the EC, accounting for 11.6% of total attendances and 68% of adult surgical admissions. The majority were male (66%) and mean age was 26 years (IQR 15–40). The proportion of trauma presentations were higher in the evening and at weekends and 41% of patients were triaged as emergency or very urgent cases. Road traffic accidents were the most frequent cause of injury (55%) followed by falls (17%) and assaults (14%). Burns were more common in children. Head and lower limbs were the most commonly injured body parts and a minority of patients underwent surgical procedures. Median length of stay for adult patients was 4.5 days (IQR 2–11) and 7 days (IQR 4–14) for children. DISCUSSION: Injury accounts for a high burden of disease at Connaught Hospital and consumes a significant proportion of EC and hospital resources. Efforts should be directed towards strengthening the pre-hospital and emergency trauma systems with accurate, formal data collection as well as targeting injury prevention initiatives and improving road safety to reduce morbidity and mortality.

Introduction Trauma accounts for a significant proportion of the global burden of disease, with highest mortality rates seen in Africa. This epidemic is predicted to increase with urbanisation and an aim of the Sustainable Development Goals is to reduce deaths and trauma caused by road accidents. Data available on urban trauma in Sierra Leone is limited. Methods We conducted a retrospective observational study of trauma and injury related presentations to the emergency centre (EC) of Connaught Hospital, the principal adult tertiary referral centre in Freetown, Sierra Leone between January and March 2016. Patient demographics are described with mechanism of injury. Additional data on length of stay and surgical procedures were recorded for admissions to the trauma ward. Results During the 3-month period, a total of 340 patients with injury presented to the EC, accounting for 11.6% of total attendances and 68% of adult surgical admissions. The majority were male (66%) and mean age was 26 years (IQR 15–40). The proportion of trauma presentations were higher in the evening and at weekends and 41% of patients were triaged as emergency or very urgent cases. Road traffic accidents were the most frequent cause of injury (55%) followed by falls (17%) and assaults (14%). Burns were more common in children. Head and lower limbs were the most commonly injured body parts and a minority of patients underwent surgical procedures. Median length of stay for adult patients was 4.5 days (IQR 2–11) and 7 days (IQR 4–14) for children. Discussion Injury accounts for a high burden of disease at Connaught Hospital and consumes a significant proportion of EC and hospital resources. Efforts should be directed towards strengthening the pre-hospital and emergency trauma systems with accurate, formal data collection as well as targeting injury prevention initiatives and improving road safety to reduce morbidity and mortality.