Suchergebnisse

Ultrathin Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) is desired to reduce production costs of CIGS solar cells. The present work aims to study the AC electrical response of standard-thick, ultrathin and passivated ultrathin devices. Admittance measurements allow to choose the AC equivalent circuit for each type of CIGS device. It is of utmost importance to understand the AC electrical behavior of each device, as the differences between reference thick, reference ultrathin and passivated ultrathin CIGS solar cells are yet to be fully understood. The analyses show a simpler AC equivalent circuit for the reference ultrathin device, which is explained by the lowered bulk recombination for thin film CIGS solar cells when compared with thick ones. The importance of shunts mitigation by the use of a passivation layer is also demonstrated, with a shunt resistance increase for the passivation device compared to both reference devices. ; Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) is acknowledged through: IF/00133/2015 and PD/BD/142780/2018. The European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme ARCIGS-M project (grant agreement no. 720887) is acknowledged. This research is also supported by NovaCell (028075) and InovSolarCells (029696) co-funded by FCT and the ERDF through COMPETE2020. We would like to thank Fundação Luso-Americana para o Desenvolvimento (FLAD) for support via project 2019/CON8/CAN19.

A study on the electronic conduction mechanisms and electrically active defects in polycrystalline Sb2Se3 is presented. It is shown that, for temperatures above 200 K the electrical transport is dominated by thermal emission of free holes, ionized from shallow acceptors, over the inter-grain potential barriers. The temperature dependence of the holes mobility, limited by the inter-grain potential barriers, is the main contributor to the observed conductivity thermal activation energy. At lower temperatures, nearest-neigbour and Mott variable range hopping transport in the bulk of the grains are the dominant conduction mechanisms. Based on this study, the important parameters of the electronic structure of the Sb2Se3 thin-film such as free hole density and mobility, inter-grain potential barrier height, intergrain trap density, shallow acceptor ionization energy, acceptor density, net donor density 2 and compensation ratio are reported. ; P. M. P. Salomé acknowledges the funding of Fundacão para Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT) through the project IF/00133/2015. This research is supported by Development of novel ultrathin solar cell architectures for low-light, low-cost and flexible opto-electronic devices project (028075) co-funded by FCT and ERDF through COMPETE2020. B. Vermang has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement n 715027). A. Shongalova acknowledges the funding of Erasmus + program 2016/17. This work was funded by FEDER funds through the COMPETE 2020 Programme and by FCT -Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology under the projects UID/CTM/50025/2013. The financial support from Brazilian funding agencies CNPq, CAPES and FAPEMIG is also acknowledged.

A study of the electronic conduction mechanisms and electrically active defects in polycrystalline Sb2Se3 is presented. It is shown that for temperatures above 200 K, the electrical transport is dominated by thermal emission of free holes, ionized from shallow acceptors, over the intergrain potential barriers. In this temperature range, the temperature dependence of the mobility of holes, limited by the intergrain potential barriers, is the main contributor to the observed thermal activation energy of the conductivity of 485 meV. However, at lower temperatures, nearest-neighbor and Mott variable range hopping transport in the bulk of the grains turn into the dominant conduction mechanisms. Important parameters of the electronic structure of the Sb2Se3 thin film such as the average intergrain potential barrier height ϕ = 391 meV, the intergrain trap density Nt = 3.4 × 1011 cm−2, the shallow acceptor ionization energy EA0 = 124 meV, the acceptor density NA = 1 × 1017 cm−3, the net donor density ND = 8.3 × 1016 cm−3, and the compensation ratio k = 0, 79 were determined from the analysis of these measurements. ; P. M. P. Salomé acknowledges the funding of Fundação para Ciencêa e Tecnologia (FCT) through the project IF/00133/ ̂2015. This research is supported by the Development of novel ultrathin solar cell architectures for low-light, low-cost, and flexible optoelectronic devices project (028075) co-funded by FCT and ERDF through COMPETE2020. B. Vermang has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant agreement no. 715027). A. Shongalova acknowledges the funding of Erasmus + program 2016/17. This work was funded by FEDER funds through the COMPETE 2020 Programme and by FCTPortuguese Foundation for Science and Technology under the projects UID/CTM/50025/2013. The financial support from Brazilian funding agencies CNPq, CAPES, and FAPEMIG is also acknowledged. ; info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

The incorporation of nanostructures in optoelectronic devices for enhancing their optical performance is widely studied. However, several problems related to the processing complexity and the low performance of the nanostructures have hindered such actions in real-life devices. Herein, a novel way of introducing gold nanoparticles in a solar cell structure is proposed in which the nanostructures are encapsulated with a dielectric layer, shielding them from high temperatures and harsh growth processing conditions of the remaining device. Through optical simulations, an enhancement of the effective optical path length of approximately four times the nominal thickness of the absorber layer is verified with the new architecture. Furthermore, the proposed concept in a Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cell device is demonstrated, where the short-circuit current density is increased by 17.4%. The novel structure presented in this work is achieved by combining a bottom-up chemical approach of depositing the nanostructures with a top-down photolithographic process, which allows for an electrical contact. ; This work was funded in part by the Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) under Grants IF/00133/2015, PD/BD/142780/2018 and SFRH/BD/ 146776/2019. The authors also want to acknowledge the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme through the ARCIGS-M project under Grant 720887, the Special Research Fund (BOF) of Hasselt University, the FCT through the project NovaCell (PTDC/CTM-CTM/28075/ 2017), and InovSolarCells (PTDC/FISMAC/29696/2017) co-funded by FCT and the ERDF through COMPETE2020. The authors also want to acknowledge Sandra Maya for the production of images used in this work. ; info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion