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THE AUTHOR DEVELOPS A RAWLSIAN ANALYSIS OF THE UNITED STATES' EXISTING SOCIAL SECURITY PROGRAM. AFTER A BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SOCIAL SECURITY SYSTEM, HE DISCUSSES RAWLS'S ARGUMENTS THAT AN IDEALLY JUST INDUSTRIALIZED SOCIETY WOULD INCLUDE, AMONG ITS BASIC INSTITUTIONS, A UNIVERSAL NONCONTRIBUTORY SOCIAL WELFARE PROGRAM. THEN HE DEVELOPS A VARIETY OF QUASI-RAWLSIAN ARGUMENTS FOR A SOCIAL INSURANCE PROGRAM. FINALLY, HE USES THESE ARGUMENTS TO CRITICALLY EVALUATE THE CURRENT AMERICAN SOCIAL SECURITY PROGRAM AND SOME PROPOSED REFORMS.