Suchergebnisse

This article analyzes the text of all rules regarding logging performed by traditional populations within the community and family forest management policy in order to determine whether, besides the search for income generation, differentiated socio-cultural conditions of the group are considered in that policy. The work is developed from the perspective of the theory of justice advocated by political philosopher Nancy Fraser through the work "From Redistribution to Recognition? Dilemmas of justice in a "post-socialist"", and it analyses national and international related legislation is analyzed, and conducted literature to build the theoretical framework of the current reality of community forest management. We conclude that, although it seeks to ensure access to income to traditionalpopulations through logging, the main standards of community forestry are marked by traits and requirements that despise differentiated culture of those groups, which have made impossible economic guarantees by activity. This way, the traditional populations are identified as bivalent collectives that require redistribution of economic and social wealth, while simultaneously recognizing their cultural identity to assure fair policies, which requires, in such a way, the current model of community forestry. ; O presente artigo analisa o conteúdo das principais normas referentes à extração madeireira realizada por populações tradicionais no âmbito da política de manejo florestal comunitário e familiar, a fim de verificar se, além da busca por geração de renda, as condições socioculturais diferenciadas do grupo são consideradas na referida política. O trabalho se desenvolve sob a perspectiva da teoria sobre justiça defendida pela filósofa política Nancy Fraser através da obra Da redistribuição ao reconhecimento? Dilemas da justiça numa era pós-socialista, além disso, é analisada a legislação nacional e internacional correlata, e realizado levantamento bibliográfico para a construção do referencial teórico sobre a realidade atual do ...

Implementado às pressas e desarticulado de políticas públicas que mitigassem o acirramento das desigualdades sociais, o ensino remoto adentrou de forma generalizada a educação básica brasileira durante a pandemia da Covid-19. Órfãs de uma diretriz nacional e do apoio técnico, pedagógico e financeiro do Ministério da Educação, as redes de ensino, cada uma ao seu tempo e à sua maneira, substituíram as aulas nas dependências escolares por atividades que usaram, predominantemente, Tecnologias Digitais de Informação e Comunicação por quase dois anos. Como essa modalidade de ensino foi experienciada pelos estudantes de baixa renda em territórios marcados por altos índices de vulnerabilidade? Essa indagação orientou o presente trabalho que monitorou uma escola pública de um pequeno município no litoral norte do Rio Grande do Sul. Ao longo de cinco meses, três turmas das séries finais do ensino fundamental foram acompanhadas, analisando a frequência e a participação discente nas aulas de Língua Portuguesa. Tendo os registros do trabalho docente (compostos por diários de classe e planilhas) como principais fontes, a pesquisa diagnosticou que os índices de abandono escolar chegaram a 21,6%, evidenciando que o ensino remoto não se tornou acessível a todos os estudantes.

Forest-dwellers in the Brazilian Amazon public forests share the management of the territory and natural resources with governmental agencies, subjecting themselves to State rules. This study aims to evaluate the perception of stakeholders about the autonomy of traditional communities to carry out community timber forest management (CFM) in two federal protected areas. A Swot analysis revealed mismatches in priorities among stakeholder groups (Communities, Government and Partners). Four autonomy parameters were evaluated by 111 stakeholders using a satisfaction questionnaire. Communities and Government had similar perceptions of the autonomy of communities to develop CFM, while Partners were pessimistic. Stakeholders showed greater satisfaction with communities' social organization than with their business management ability. Licensing, operational tools and administrative knowledge were perceived as bottlenecks for community enterprises. Nevertheless, targeted public policies and a minimum regulatory requirement for CFM may guarantee community autonomy to maintain their way of life and make their forest enterprises viable. ; Forest-dwellers in the Brazilian Amazon public forests share the management of the territory and natural resources with governmental agencies, subjecting themselves to State rules. This study aims to evaluate the perception of stakeholders about the autonomy of traditional communities to carry out community timber forest management (CFM) in two federal protected areas. A Swot analysis revealed mismatches in priorities among stakeholder groups (Communities, Government and Partners). Four autonomy parameters were evaluated by 111 stakeholders using a satisfaction questionnaire. Communities and Government had similar perceptions of the autonomy of communities to develop CFM, while Partners were pessimistic. Stakeholders showed greater satisfaction with communities' social organization than with their business management ability. Licensing, operational tools and administrative knowledge were perceived as bottlenecks for community enterprises. Nevertheless, targeted public policies and a minimum regulatory requirement for CFM may guarantee community autonomy to maintain their way of life and make their forest enterprises viable. ; Forest-dwellers in the Brazilian Amazon public forests share the management of the territory and natural resources with governmental agencies, subjecting themselves to State rules. This study aims to evaluate the perception of stakeholders about the autonomy of traditional communities to carry out community timber forest management (CFM) in two federal protected areas. A Swot analysis revealed mismatches in priorities among stakeholder groups (Communities, Government and Partners). Four autonomy parameters were evaluated by 111 stakeholders using a satisfaction questionnaire. Communities and Government had similar perceptions of the autonomy of communities to develop CFM, while Partners were pessimistic. Stakeholders showed greater satisfaction with communities' social organization than with their business management ability. Licensing, operational tools and administrative knowledge were perceived as bottlenecks for community enterprises. Nevertheless, targeted public policies and a minimum regulatory requirement for CFM may guarantee community autonomy to maintain their way of life and make their forest enterprises viable. ; Forest-dwellers in the Brazilian Amazon public forests share the management of the territory and natural resources with governmental agencies, subjecting themselves to State rules. This study aims to evaluate the perception of stakeholders about the autonomy of traditional communities to carry out community timber forest management (CFM) in two federal protected areas. A Swot analysis revealed mismatches in priorities among stakeholder groups (Communities, Government and Partners). Four autonomy parameters were evaluated by 111 stakeholders using a satisfaction questionnaire. Communities and Government had similar perceptions of the autonomy of communities to develop CFM, while Partners were pessimistic. Stakeholders showed greater satisfaction with communities' social organization than with their business management ability. Licensing, operational tools and administrative knowledge were perceived as bottlenecks for community enterprises. Nevertheless, targeted public policies and a minimum regulatory requirement for CFM may guarantee community autonomy to maintain their way of life and make their forest enterprises viable.

Este estudo analisou se os regulamentos do manejo florestal comunitário (MFC) madeireiro em unidades de conservação (UC) federais na Amazônia brasileira interferem na autonomia das populações tradicionais em executarem suas atividades produtivas. Constatou-se que os regulamentos do MFC madeireiro em UC são constituídos por regras de dimensões territoriais, procedimentais e técnicas, que interferem na autonomia comunitária na gestão do recurso florestal, no processo de obtenção da licença do MFC e nas técnicas de execução da atividade. O não cumprimento da determinação legal de elaboração de planos de manejo florestal sustentável diferenciados para comunidades tem condicionado as populações tradicionais a exigências de licenciamento e técnicas padronizadas em detrimento do reconhecimento constitucional e legal atribuído a um grupo culturalmente diferenciado. Além disso, o licenciamento do MFC está também condicionado ao cumprimento de obrigações prévias do próprio órgão ambiental. Concluiu-se que a autonomia das populações tradicionais no MFC madeireiro em UC é condicionada desde o início, pois a forma comunitária de uso e gestão dos recursos naturais não é o elemento orientador das estruturas legais do MFC madeireiro em UC. A simplificação e a adequação à legislação de alguns instrumentos normativos poderiam aumentar o grau de autonomia comunitária no MFC madeireiro, facilitando sua multiplicação na Amazônia. Algumas mudanças prioritárias nos regulamentos foram propostas neste estudo. ; This study analyzed whether the legal framework of the timber community forest management (CFM) in federal protected areas (PA) of the Brazilian Amazon interferes in the autonomy of the traditional populations in carrying out their productive activities. It was verified that the legal framework of the CFM in PA, constituted by rules of territorial, procedural and technical dimensions, interfere in the community's autonomy in the management of the forest resource, in the process of obtaining the CFM license and in the logging techniques used. The failure to comply with the legal determination to elaborate differentiated sustainable forest management plans for communities has conditioned traditional populations to standardized requirements to the detriment of the constitutional and legal recognition attributed to a culturally distinct social group. In addition, the licensing of CFM is also conditional on the fulfillment of previous obligations of the environmental agency itself. It was concluded that the autonomy of the traditional populations in the CFM is conditioned from its beginning, since the way of use and manage the natural resources by communities is not the guiding of the legal framework of CFM. The simplification and adaptation to the legislation of some normative instruments could increase the degree of community autonomy in CFM, enhancing its multiplication in the Amazon. Some priority changes in the regulations were proposed in this study.