Suchergebnisse

RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: This paper discusses whether there have been changes to ensure media freedom in Ukraine in the context of constitutional reform.
THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS: This is comparative explanatory research. The author uses a process-tracing method and an observation method to analyze media freedom under the presidential-parliamentary republic during the second term of Kuchma's presidency and under a parliamentary-presidential republic during Yushchenko's presidency. I summarize descriptive statistics on such indicators of media freedom as political, economic, and legal environment according to the Freedom House data. I also use the analysis of scholars and other non-governmental organizations.
THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: The analysis of the political situation in Ukraine explains the reasons for the constitutional reform and the democratization of the media system. I systematize data from the Freedom House reports on the indicators, present the results in a graphic form, and make conclusions from the comparisons.
RESEARCH RESULTS: The study shows that changing the political system to a parliamentary-presidential due to the Orange Revolution intensified reforms guaranteeing media freedom in Ukraine. However, the reforms were not at the level expected by the supporters of the Orange Revolution.
CONCLUSIONS, INNOVATIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS: The introduction of the parliamentary-presidential model intensified the competition and conflicts between the presidential and parliamentary-government centers of power. It created polarized and chaotic conditions in journalists' work. The legal environment for the media has not improved significantly. There was a reduction of political influence on the media. The improvement in the economic environment did not occur because the pressure exerted by the ruling elites on the mass media went from the political to the economic dimension.

У даній науковій статті розглянуто взаємозв'язок між соціальною довірою до органів публічної влади та розвитком громадянського суспільства в умовах проведення реформ у різних сферах в сучасній Україні. Розглянуто сутність таких ключових понять, як «довіра», «соціальна довіра», зокрема у новітніх дослідженнях західних вчених. Проаналізовано рівень соціальної довіри до різних соціальних інститутів у 2020-2021 роках відповідно до міжнародного моніторингового проєкту World Values Survey, а також українських соціологічних центрів. Показано, що низький рівень соціальної довіри, у тому числі, до органів публічної влади, є наслідком негативного досвіду участі українців у довірчих відносинах з цими соціальними інститутами. Наголошено, що в останні роки в Україні збільшується соціальна довіра до волонтерських організацій і до органів місцевого самоврядування. Це є одним із позитивних аспектів реформи децентралізації, свідченням розвитку громадянського суспільства на рівні розвитку громади.

Przedmiotem niniejszego tekstu jest analiza prawnych i instytucjonalnych m echanizmów współpracy między Ukrainą a Unią Europejską na etapie tworzenia ukraińskiej polityki w kontekście przyszłej integracji państwa z UE.

The peculiarities of the legał and institutional mechanisms of cooperation between Ukrainę and the EU in the stage of the formation of the State of Ukraine's Euro integration policy are analyzed in this paper. The conclusion is made about the naturę o f cooperation between Ukrainę and the EU before the end of the period of formation of Ukraine's state policy towards European integration. ; Przedmiotem niniejszego tekstu jest analiza prawnych i instytucjonalnych m echanizmów współpracy między Ukrainą a Unią Europejską na etapie tworzenia ukraińskiej polityki w kontekście przyszłej integracji państwa z UE.

European Neighborhood Policy as an instrument of cooperation with the neighboring countries, including Ukraine, is analyzed in this article taking into account new geopolitical conditions as the result of events in North Africa in the beginning 2011 year, preparation of new association agreement between the EU and Ukraine on the new level with perspectives of membership of Ukraine in the European Union.

The paper explores the reasons for the failure of the Party of Greens of Ukraine (the PZU) in the 2002 elections after its success in 1998 elections. The first part is devoted to the issue of ecological conditions in Ukraine and lists the biggest problems in this area. The activity of the PZU is then examined and followed by evaluation of its actual performance in the Parliament, in order to find out whether the activities of the PZU correspond with the ecological problems of the country. The second part compares the 1998 and 2002 PR election campaigns to find similarities and differences between them. Main attention is drawn to the PR campaign of 2002 and the factors which could help explain the failure of the PZU in the elections. It is concluded that the main reasons for the failure of the PZU in the 2002 elections are rooted in the discrediting performance of the party in the Parliament, which resulted in a loss of political credibility, and exacerbated by the outdated and flawed PR campaign of the party given the new realities of the 2002 elections. Moreover, it is stressed that the popularity of the PZU among voters has been low in each parliamentary election since 2002.

The article outlines the ways of engaging young people in the development of civil society in Ukraine. Socially and politically active young people are one of the necessary conditions for forming a democratic society and establishing sustainable and functioning civil society institutions. Therefore, in this paper, the scholars aim to identify the ways of youth interaction with public authorities in Ukraine and general levels of youth civic engagement, as well as to characterize the culture of citizenship as a factor in involving young people in civil society development. The research reveals the relevant issue regarding the prominent role of civil society in various spheres of activity of state authorities and local self-government bodies, a qualitatively new level of interaction between civil society, especially youth as an active part of it, and state and local self-government bodies in order to establish effective dialogue and partnership relations of state bodies authorities, local self-government bodies with civil society organizations.
The research combined interdisciplinary approaches of several related scientific fields (political science, public administration and education), which allowed to set broader goals and find new ways for improving youth engagement in the development of civil society in Ukraine. The authors developed and conducted an expert survey on youth engagement in the development of civil society and identified possible ways to improve youth participation in public and political life. Authors interviewed 24 experts aged from 18 to 60 years from various fields who are interested in building a democratic state governed by the rule of law: leaders and members of public organizations, teachers of higher education institutions, scholars, deputies of regional and local councils, civil society activists and businessmen.
It was determined that the effective participation of youth in decision-making processes consists in creating opportunities to involve youth in influencing, shaping, developing and promoting policy and development of services and programs. These opportunities are created by developing a range of formal and informal mechanisms for youth participation, from youth advisory groups to focus groups, from ongoing consultation work to supporting youth projects. As a result of the study, the authors developed a set of conclusions and recommendations addressed to educational institutions, public authorities, local governments and civil society organizations.