Suchergebnisse

Cover -- Half Title -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- List of Tables and Figures -- Acknowledgements -- 1 Earthquake Hazards in Japan and The United States -- Introduction -- Patterns of World Losses -- Earthquakes in the United States and Japan -- Susceptibility to future losses in the United States and Japan -- Conclusion -- 2 Social and Behavioral Science and the Study of Human Response to Earthquake Hazards -- Natural Hazards Research -- Cultural Psychology: Psychic Unity and Basic Psychological Processes -- 3 Description of the Empirical Study -- Goals of the Study -- Seismic Characteristics of Study Sites -- Socio-demographic Characteristics of the Study Areas -- Data collection, method, and response rate -- 4 General Description of Respondents -- Socioeconomic and demographic characteristics -- 5 Attitudinal Characteristics -- Traditions of Optimism or Self-Improvement in the US and Japan -- Empirical Contrasts: California and Japan -- Willingness to Help -- Conclusion -- 6 Culture and Risk Perception -- Worry about Societal Problems -- Worry about Earthquakes -- Worry about Potential Consequences of an Earthquake -- Impacts of the Kobe Earthquake on Perceived Consequences -- Perceived Likelihood of Earthquake Hazards -- Estimating Worry of Others in One's Own Community -- Conclusion -- 7 Adoption of Mitigation Measures -- Earthquake Insurance -- Empirical Results: Mitigation adoption -- Impacts of the Kobe Earthquake of 1995 -- Correlates of mitigation adoption -- Perceived Preparedness -- Perceived Vulnerability -- Conclusion -- 8 Beliefs about Government Aid and Public Policy Measures -- Government Policies in California -- Government Policies in Japan -- Government versus Individual Responsibility -- Government Mitigation Policy -- Conclusion -- 9 Implications of this Research for Public Policy.

The regulation of home mortgage‐lending is another strategy for mitigating the danger of natural disaster through such regulation. Property owners could be made aware of the dangers posed to their property and required to share the risk of damage by purchasing subsidized insurance. This strategy, however, has not been utilized to an optimal degree in mitigating site specific geologic hazards due to legal barriers. Nevertheless, such barriers are not insurmountable and are amenable to legal remedies.

Intro -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- Chapter 1: Introduction -- References -- Chapter 2: The Science of Climate Change and Sea-Level Rise -- 2.1 How Does the Climate Work? -- 2.2 Evidence That the Climate Is Changing -- 2.3 Projected Impacts of Climate Change -- 2.4 Climate Change and Sea-Level Rise -- 2.5 Implications of Climate Change for Sea-Level Rise in South Florida -- References -- Chapter 3: A Partisan and Polarized Issue in the United States -- 3.1 Polarization of Climate Change in the United States -- 3.2 Demographic, Social, and Personal Predictors of Climate Change Beliefs in the US -- 3.3 Strategic Messaging to Influence Climate Change Beliefs -- 3.4 Summary -- References -- Chapter 4: The South Florida Study Area -- 4.1 The Physical Setting: Topography and Water in South Florida -- 4.2 Settlement of South Florida -- 4.3 Population and Economic Characteristics of the Study Sites -- 4.4 Climate Change in South Florida -- References -- Chapter 5: Study Methods and General Findings -- 5.1 Experimental Design: Use of a Map of Projected Local Flooding -- 5.2 General Findings -- 5.2.1 Demographic and Geographic Characteristics of the Respondents -- 5.2.2 Residence and Homeownership -- 5.2.3 Climate Change Beliefs -- 5.2.4 Other Responses to Sea-Level Rise and Climate Change -- 5.3 Regional Effects -- References -- Chapter 6: Results from South Florida Experiment -- 6.1 Effect of Demographic and Political Characteristics on Beliefs and Policy Support -- 6.2 Summary -- References -- Chapter 7: Denial of Risk -- 7.1 Discussion -- Chapter 8: Prospects for Mitigation -- 8.1 Legislation in Florida to Mitigate Impacts of Sea-Level Rise and Climate Change -- 8.2 General Support for Additional Measures to Mitigate Climate Change and Vulnerability to Sea-Level Rise -- 8.3 Some Final Words -- References.

"Motivated Reasoning and Political Decision Making" published on by Oxford University Press.

Scientists and policymakers have become interested in the viability of solar geoengineering as a way to manipulate the Earth's temperature in the face of unabated global warming. This paper reports the results from a survey experiment designed to test predictions about the effects of exposure to framed messages about basic scientific research on solar geoengineering. Our findings reinforce other survey research showing that solar geoengineering is a generally unfamiliar concept, but also show that this topic has not yet become politicized. In addition, despite treatments of equal valence, we find that negative information can exert a more powerful influence than positive information on support for establishing a research program to study solar geoengineering. The results have implications for understanding how framing can influence public support for research on new technologies to mitigate climate change

AbstractCoastal storms are likely to increase in frequency and become even more damaging. An unresolved policy issue is whether current residents should receive federal subsidies through such programs as the Federal Flood Insurance Program or the FEMA disaster relief program that encourage thembe encouraged to rebuild in the same locations that have suffered damage through federal subsidies such as subsidized flood insurance or the FEMA disaster relief fund. This research investigated the impact that messages framed to either support or oppose such government assistance for rebuilding had on respondent opinion. We looked at opinion on not only the rebuilding itself but also other related subjects such as the economic and environmental impacts of rebuilding in situ. The research further looked at the ways in which attributing these messages to partisan sources affected response. We found that message frames either highlighting the benefits or the costs of rebuilding had a marked impact on public opinion and that partisan source cues played a smaller role. This issue of responsibility for rebuilding is likely to continue to become even more important as climate change puts even more coastal residents at risk.