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SUMARIO: Resumen. - 1. Introducción. - 2. Otros modos de votación y escrutinio. - 3. ¿Qué método usar? Propiedades deseables. - 4. Ejemplos paradójicos. - 5. Un método para la elección directa de Alcaldes: Agenda MS. - 6. Comparación entre los métodos: doble vuelta y Agenda ms. - Agradecimientos. - Referencias.

Degressive proportionality constitutes the main conceptual criterion to determine the composition of the European Parliament (EP). In reality, however, this concept entails serious practical problems as exemplified by the current distribution of seats in the EP. This article takes up the call and presents a new method for a better balanced seat allocation in the EP after the 2014 elections. Comparing with recent methods in the field, our results reveal that the method proposed yields a more balanced and juster parliamentary seat distribution among all European member states by joining the strengths of the existing methods and avoiding their weaknesses. In light of upcoming rounds of enlargement and possible amendments to the EP's internal rules of procedure and existing EU Treaties, we contend that our results are not only of interest to the academic world.

Electoral systems that include many constituencies often cause significant mismatch between votes and seats totals received by political parties. Such imbalances can be corrected by a distribution of "compensatory" seats. The electoral system for the Parliament of Sweden is one of those used to correct misalignments using compensatory seats. This paper analyzes the Swedish electoral system and suggests two modifications to improve it. The first is to change the electoral barrier to a more balanced with medium - small parties. The second suggestion proposes to implement a deal to distribute the seats among the electoral parties, because that way you avoid discrepancies which currently arise with respect to their sizes. The proposed amendment applies to the 2010 elections in Sweden. Finally, we analyze the adaptation of the Swedish electoral system to elect the Congress of Deputies of Spain. Adapted from the source document.

The 2009 European Parliament elections were the largest transnational elections in history. By EU primary law each Member State is allotted a fixed number of seats. Within a Member State, the seat apportionment is governed by national electoral provisions. The national provisions are subject to principles common to all Member States. We present an overview of the 27 national apportionment procedures used in the 2009 elections. Our focus is on the translation of votes into seats, such as electoral thresholds, divisor methods of apportionment, quota methods of apportionment, and single transferable vote systems. Some Member States implement two-step systems comprising a super-apportionment and several sub-apportionments.