Suchergebnisse

Las múltiples transformaciones que están experimentando las sociedades occidentales en general, y la sociedad española en particular, están afectando también a las formas cómo los jóvenes participan políticamente. En el presente artículo se repasan las investigaciones publicadas recientemente sobre participación política juvenil y, al mismo tiempo, se identifican los nuevos debates emergentes. Confrontamos el estado de la cuestión en este ámbito de estudio con las características de la nueva época en la que estamos entrando: una realidad mucho más compleja en el que "juventud", "política" y "participación" son tres conceptos en (re)definición. Concluimos que en este un nuevo escenario se requieren nuevos marcos conceptuales y nuevas metodologías de análisis que expliquen las nuevas y emergentes formas de participación juvenil, incorporando al mismo tiempo una nueva variable que se ha convertido en fundamental: Internet. ; The multiple transformations that the Western societies are experiencing in general, and particularly the Spanish society, are also affecting the ways in which the youth participates politically. This article reviews recently published research on youth political participation, and, at the same time, identifies emerging debates. We confront the state of the art in this field of study with the characteristics of the new era we are entering: a much more complex reality in which "youth", "policy" and "participation" are three concepts in (re)definition. We conclude that new conceptual frameworks and analysis methodologies are required in this new scenario in order to explain new and emerging forms of youth participation, incorporating a new variable that has become essential: Internet.

In this article we use the Urban Political Ecology approach to show that by analysing governance networks we can better understand the production of certain socio-environmental transformations that negatively affect some social groups while benefiting others. Drawing upon two case studies in the UK, the article explores the dialectical relationships between different modes of urban governance on one hand and the socio-environmental transformations fulfilled in each case study on the other hand. The article concludes that although urban regeneration policies are always constrained by the neoliberal established framework of power relations, policy outputs and outcomes could be very different from one place to another, shaping uneven socio-environmental constructions. Finally, we make some recommendations in order to stimulate the production of more sustainable communities in the future.

Los cambios experimentados recientemente en las sociedades contemporáneas están transformando las formas de participación de la ciudadanía en la esfera pública, poniendo en tela de juicio las iniciativas de participación institucional promovidas por diversas administraciones durante la última década. Resulta del todo necesario evaluar estas iniciativas si se quiere garantizar su funcionalidad en este nuevo escenario. En este contexto, el presente artículo propone distintos criterios e instrumentos de evaluación de la participación y los aplica a una experiencia concreta: el proceso participativo sobre la gestión forestal en la Muntanya de Sant Miquel, en Setcases (Cataluña). Al mismo tiempo, el artículo se pregunta sobre cuáles son las mejores formas y condiciones para promover una participación efectiva, incidiendo en el debate sobre la "temperatura" de la deliberación. Concluimos que es extre-madamente difícil combinar las lógicas de deliberación fría y caliente. Sin embargo, esta puede ser la solución más adecuada cuando el tema a abordar despierte un alto conflicto de intereses entre actores organizados y, al mismo tiempo, requiera ser abordado desde la lógica del interés colectivo porque afecta al conjunto de una comunidad. ; Changes recently occurred in contemporary societies are transforming the forms of citizens' partici-pation in the public sphere, challenging institutional participation initiatives promoted by various governments over the past decade. It is quite necessary to evaluate these initiatives to ensure its functionality in this new scenario. In this context, this article proposes different criteria and partici-pation assessment instruments in order to apply them into a concrete experience: the participatory process on forest management carried out in Muntanya de Sant Miquel in Setcases (Cataluña). At the same time, the article reflects on what are the best ways and conditions to promote effective par-ticipation, focusing its attention on the debate on the 'temperature' of deliberation. We conclude that it is extremely difficult to combine hot and cold deliberation. However, this may be the best solution when the participatory topic addresses high conflict of interests between stakeholders and, at the same time, requires to be addressed from the logic of collective interest because it affects the whole com-munity.

El presente artículo analiza cómo se ha abordado a través de la deliberación un conflicto histórico y de alta complejidad: el «maldito problema» de la montaña en Aragón. Con ello pretendemos dar respuesta a una cuestión teórica de mayor enver¬gadura: la viabilidad y la funcionalidad de la deliberación como herramienta para producir mejores políticas públicas en contextos de elevada conflictividad política y social. Concluimos que, aunque es posible generar espacios deliberativos de calidad que produzcan impactos significativos sobre las políticas públicas, los contextos de alta conflictividad ponen en riesgo el difícil equilibrio deliberativo. En nuestro caso de estudio, además, se produce una deriva desde la deliberación hacia la negociación. Las pautas de funcionamiento de los espacios deliberativos, el comportamiento de los actores y el liderazgo político se muestran como aquellos aspectos que determinaran el éxito de la deliberación en un contexto de conflictividad. ; This article discusses how the wicked problem of «the mountains» in Aragón, a historical and highly complex conflict, has been approached through deliberation. Our aim is to respond to a larger theoretical issue: the viability and functionality of deliberation as a tool to produce better public policies in a context of high political and social conflict. We conclude that, although it is possible to generate deliberative spaces of quality that produce significant impacts on public policy, high-conflict contexts threaten the delicate deliberative balance. In our case study, in addition, there is a shift from deliberation to negotiation. Operating guidelines in deliberative spaces, the behaviour of the actors and the political leadership are shown as those aspects that determine the success of deliberation in a context of conflict.

Drawing upon 4 initiatives of social innovation embedded in two disenfranchised neighbourhoods: Nou Barris Nord and Sants in Barcelona (Spain), we illustrate different ways in which bottom-up processes can contribute to neighbourhood resilience. The paper explores the nature of social change by bringing together systemic approaches to social innovation and relational theories of collective leadership. In this vein, it is argued that both contextual neighbourhood features and collective leadership practices dialectically explain not only how and why social innovation initiatives emerge but also their social impact in terms of effectiveness and scalability.

Los primeros planes de cuenca previstos en la Directiva Marco del Agua fueron aprobados en España muy recientemente, motivo por el cual todavía no disponemos de estudios que evalúen los resultados de los procesos participativos llevados a cabo. En este artículo se analiza una experiencia participativa que, por su carácter ejemplar y atípico, ha sido considerada una buena práctica: el proceso deliberativo del Distrito de Cuenca Fluvial de Cataluña. Nos interrogamos sobre las consecuencias de la deliberación y, más concretamente, sobre si un buen proceso de deliberación mejora la política de aguas. Es decir, investigamos la relación entre las características procedimentales de la deliberación y sus resultados. Para ello combinamos datos cuantitativos con información cualitativa obtenida a partir de análisis documental y treinta entrevistas en profundidad. Las limitaciones de la estrategia comunicativa, la poca integralidad con la que se planifica la política de aguas y la falta de una cultura política deliberativa son algunas de las debilidades identificadas en el caso estudiado. Concluimos que un buen proceso deliberativo es una condición necesaria pero no suficiente para garantizar un impacto significativo sobre la política de aguas. ; The first river basin management plans under the Water Framework Directive have been adopted in Spain recently. For thus, there are no studies evaluating the results of the participatory processes carried out. This article discusses a participatory experience that has been considered a good practice: the deliberative process of River Basin Management planning in Catalonia. We are interested on the consequences of deliberation and, more specifically, we want to know if a good deliberative process improves water policy. Drawing upon quantitative and qualitative data obtained from documentary analysis and thirty interviews, we investigate the relationship between the procedural features of deliberation and its results. The limitations of the communication strategy, the lack of comprehensiveness with which water policy planning has been made and the lack of a deliberative political culture are some of the weaknesses identified in the case study. We conclude that a good deliberative process is a necessary but not a sufficient requierement to ensure a significant impact on water policy.

The European Union (EU) Water Framework Directive (WFD) requires EU member states to produce and implement river basin management plans, which are to be designed and updated via participatory processes that inform, consult with, and actively involve all interested stakeholders. The assumption of the European Commission is that stakeholder participation, and institutional adaptation and procedural innovation to facilitate it, are essential to the effectiveness of river basin planning and, ultimately, the environmental impact of the Directive. We analyzed oficial documents and the WFD literature to compare implementation of the Directive in EU membre states in the initial WFD planning phase (2000-2009). Examining the development of participatory approaches to river basin management planning, we consider the extent of transformation in EU water governance over the period. Employing a mixed quantitative and qualitative approach, we map the implementation "trajectories" of 13 member states, and then provide a detailed examination of shifts in river basin planning and participation in four member states (Germany, Sweden, Poland and France) to illustrate the diversity of institutional approaches observed. We identify a general tendency towards increased, yet circumscribed, stakeholder participation in river basin management in the member states examined, alongside clear continuities in terms of their respective pre-WFD institutional and procedural arrangements. Overall, the WFD has driven a highly uneven shift to river basin-level planning among the member states, and instigated a range of efforts to institutionalize stakeholder involvement-often through the establishment of advisory groups to bring organized stakeholders into the planning process.