Suchergebnisse

Alkohol und Krankheitslast in der Schweiz – alkoholpolitische Implikationen <span class="fett">Fragestellung:</span> Schätzung der alkoholbedingten Krankheitslast in der Schweiz und Aufzeigen daraus resultierender alkoholpolitischer Schlussfolgerungen. </p><p> <span class="fett">Methodik:</span> Basierend auf Prävalenzdaten zu Alkoholkonsum und relativen Risiken wurde der alkoholbedingte Anteil an der Krankheitslast der Schweiz für das Jahr 2002 in krankheitsadjustierten Lebensjahren geschätzt. </p><p> <span class="fett">Ergebnisse:</span> Hoher Alkoholkonsum führte zu einem auch im internationalen Vergleich hohen Anteil an alkoholbedingter Krankheitslast, speziell unter Frauen und Jugendlichen. </p><p> <span class="fett">Schlussfolgerungen:</span> Angesichts hoher alkoholbedingter Krankheitslast und gleichzeitiger Verfügbarkeit evidenzbasierter und kosteneffektiver Intervention scheinen Gegenmaßnahmen zur Reduktion dieser Krankheitslast überfällig.

Through descriptive and multivariate analyses, program outcomes for three groups of Toronto Drug Treatment Court participants (TDTC) were compared focusing on their substance use, legal, and socioeconomic differences at entry into the program, and their compliance behaviors during the first month of the program. Multivariate analyses demonstrated that graduate and expelled non-engaged participants were significantly different from the moment they started the program. At the time of application to the program expelled non-engaged participants used crack/cocaine on more days in the prior 90-day period, were in custody at their first TDTC appearance, had more criminal convictions over their lifetime, reported more recent substance use, and committed more breaches of their bail conditions than the other two participant groups. However, differences between graduate and expelled-engaged participants were not as clear, indicating important program outcome similarities between the two groups and how drug treatment court success should be conceptualized and measured.

<i>Aims:</i> To estimate avoidable burden and avoidable costs of alcohol abuse in Canada for the year 2002. <i>Methods:</i> A policy effectiveness approach was used. The impact of six effective and cost-effective alcohol policy interventions aimed to reduce alcohol consumption was modeled. In addition, the effect of privatized alcohol sales that would increase alcohol consumption and alcohol-attributable costs was also modeled. The effects of these interventions were compared with the baseline (aggregate) costs obtained from the second Canadian Study of Social Costs Attributable to Substance Abuse. <i>Results:</i> It was estimated that by implementing six cost-effective policies from about 900 million to two billion Canadian dollars per year could be saved in Canada. The greatest savings due to the implementation of these interventions would be achieved in the lowering of productivity losses, followed by health care, and criminality. Substantial increases in burden and cost would occur if Canadian provinces were to privatize alcohol sales. <i>Conclusion:</i> The implementation of proven effective population-based interventions would reduce alcohol-attributable burden and its costs in Canada to a considerable degree.