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Women in both Hong Kong and China have inherited the legacy of traditional values that severely discriminated against women compared to men. In terms of legal protections, women in mainland China enjoy an advantage. In real terms, Hong Kong women do better, as is shown in relation to education and work. Relocation of factories to Guangdong has created unemployment among older, less educated women in Hong Kong and has created opportunities for younger women in China—at some risk to their safety, as overseas Chinese businessmen ignore industrial safety regulations. There has been little renegotiation in family responsibilities, although many Hong Kong women work. Increasingly, families are employing a Filipina domestic helper, but this has only reinforced the concept of the traditional female domestic role. Relocation of Hong Kong businesses over the border has placed additional strains on marriage, as Hong Kong men establish second families in China.

Examines the shared past & future of Hong Kong & Chinese women as the approaching transition draws the two together, & addresses the impact that the transition is having on women & their families in Hong Kong. Women in Hong Kong & the People's Republic of China have inherited the legacy of traditional values that severely discriminate against them. In terms of legal protections, women in mainland China enjoy an advantage; in real terms, however, Hong Kong women do better, as is shown regarding education & work. Transition fallout, ie, relocation of factories to Guangdong, has created both unemployment among older, less-educated women in Hong Kong & opportunities for younger China women -- at some risk to their safety, as overseas Chinese businessmen ignore industrial safety regulations. There has been little renegotiation in family responsibilities, although many Hong Kong women work. Increasingly, families are employing a Filipina domestic helper, but this has only reinforced the concept of the traditional female domestic role. Relocation of Hong Kong businesses over the border has placed additional strains on marriage; bigamy has reasserted itself as Hong Kong men establish second families in China. Adapted from the source document.

Although psychiatric hospitals are thought to be the main focus of care for the mentally ill, China has not inherited the large asylums that were, and are, such a feature in the West. China has developed her own model of community care for the mentally ill, which is coherent with what are seen to be the available resources and fits into existing structures of social organisation. The elements in this model include small neighbourhood workstations, factory clinic liaison work, 'home beds' and neighbourhood care units. So far alternative accommodation schemes appear to have no part to play in the model. The reasons for this are discussed. However, while the Chinese model of community care for the mentally ill is quite well articulated, there appear to be major problems in ensuring its implementation.

• Summary: Internationally accepted social work values are based on ideas about rights, social justice and equitable resource distribution. Does social work education in China embody similar values? Are these values influenced by culture and the current political/economic environment? The research posed three questions. Do social work students studying in metropolitan China support humanitarian welfare values? Are values affected by demographic backgrounds? Does social work education enhance humanitarian values? A self-administered, standardized questionnaire was distributed in 26 classes of social work students studying in seven universities in Beijing and Shanghai ( n = 1328).• Findings: Students do not support humanitarian welfare values strongly; and a decrease in these values was observed in senior students. Significant differences in values were found based on gender and on rural/urban origins. Female students were more likely to agree with humanitarian value statements; rural and urban students tended to agree more with values from which they had potential to benefit.• Applications: Social work knowledge and skills rather than values maybe more immediately relevant to Chinese society. However, independent professional practitioners need a solid foundation of professional values to inform practice and standardize the social work role. There needs to be an ongoing debate in China involving social work educators and practitioners about values and their relation to Chinese society, the ways in which they are influenced by non-Chinese cultures; and how to infuse these consistently into social work curricula in Chinese universities.