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Family policy and fertility in Norway : a gender and class perspective.
What importance do young adults attribute to family policy arrangements in the choice about having children ? Does family policy feature differently in the reasoning among women and men and across social classes ? This qualitative study of 90 young adults in Norway finds that contrary to common expectations, young adults consider family policy arrangements being of little impact on their own choice to have a child. But this apparent insignificance paradoxically may be the strongest evidence of how crucial it actually is. The policy arrangements are being taken for granted, ingrained in young adults' horizon of expectations : Welfare state arrangements constitute a key foundation of the organisation of parenthood, based on a dual earner provider model.

AbstractChild maltreatment has been a prominent topic on the political agenda for the past decade. However, while there are several types of interventions that can potentially benefit the prevention of child maltreatment, uncertainties remain regarding the transferability of these interventions to different contexts and their overall impact. Consequently, we conducted a systematic review of intervention studies aimed at preventing child maltreatment. We searched for studies published between 2016 and 2021, using predefined keywords from various bibliographical databases including PsycINFO, SocINDEX, Social Care Online, Web of Science, and ASSIA. The initial literature search yielded 3221 studies based on titles and abstracts, after removing duplicates. Out of these, 251 studies were screened based on full texts, resulting in the selection of 56 studies that met our inclusion criteria and were retained for extraction and analysis. The screening and data extraction processes were conducted by at least two independent reviewers. Given the heterogeneity of the included studies, we performed a narrative synthesis and categorized the 56 studies based on intervention type, control condition, outcomes, effects and quality. The results indicated that most of the studies employed individual randomization, with the control group most often receiving treatment as usual. Home visiting programs and educational interventions emerged as the most prevalent types of interventions. The review also demonstrated that a significant number of the included studies reported positive effects on one or more outcomes, such as indicators of maltreatment, suboptimal parenting practices, and problematic child behaviors. While nearly one-third of the studies did not report an effect size, those that did reported varying types of effect sizes. Additionally, only a few studies met the assessed quality criteria.