Suchergebnisse

This article introduces the concept of "alterity processing" to account for the simultaneous enactment of individual "Others" and emergent European orders in the context of migration management. Alterity processing refers to the data infrastructures, knowledge practices, and bureaucratic procedures through which populations unknown to European actors are translated into "European-legible" identities. By drawing on fieldwork conducted in Italy and the Hellenic Republic from 2017 to 2018, this article argues that different registration and identification procedures compete to legitimize different chains of actors, data, and metadata as more authoritative than others. Competing procedures have governance implications, as well, with some actors being included and others being excluded. Furthermore, there is evidence that—despite procedural rigidities—applicants themselves propose alternative chains of actors, data, and metadata that are more meaningful to them. In this tension, it is not only the individual Other that is enacted but also specific bureaucratic orders cutting across old and new European actors and distinctive understandings of "Europe." From a technology studies perspective, this article engages in a dialogue with the emergent debate on Hotspots, the scholarship about the infrastructural construction of Europe and political sociology.

ALessandro MOngili and Giuseppina Pellegrino (2014), Information Infrastructure(s): Boundaries, Ecologies, Multiplicity. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 380 pp., £52.99, (Hardcover), ISBN: 978-1443866552.

Data acquire meaning through circulation. Yet most approaches to high-quality data aim to flatten this stratification of meanings. In government, data quality is achieved through integrated systems of authentic registers that reduce multiple trajectories to a single, official one. These systems can be conceived of as technologies to settle "data frictions", controversies about which configurations of actors, agencies, sources and events produce more reliable data. Data frictions uncover two dimensions of data circulation: not only along the syntagmatic axis of alignment, but also along the paradigmatic axis of replacement. Drawing on empirical research investigating database integration at the Dutch land registry (Kadaster), this article aims to contribute to the theorization of digital circulation by recalling two semiotic dimensions along which circulation happens. It argues that even when complex infrastructures are implemented to discipline change, data frictions are not silenced, but displaced along the syntagmatic/paradigmatic axes

Integrating information systems (IS) has become a key goal for governments worldwide. Systems of "authentic registers," for instance, provide government agencies with information from databases acknowledged as the only legitimate sources of data. Concerns are thus arising about the risks for democratic accountability constituted by more and more integrated governmental IS. Studies call for a new research agenda that investigates the redistribution of authority and accountability entailed by interoperable IS. This article contributes to this endeavor by suggesting the "vectorial glance" as a research framework that works along two lines. First, by recovering the science and technology studies notion of "infrastructural inversion," it looks at the technical minutiae of interoperability projects as strategic sites where institutional shifts—and eventually state transformation—can become visible. Second, by defining interoperability as a performative process of boundary reordering, it opens research to the possibility that institutional identities be reconstituted along different lines. Just as vector graphics are based on paths that lead through control points without being bound to underlying pixels, so the vectorial glance runs across boundaries without implicitly assuming that they are immutable and/or a priori relevant for the analysis. This article draws on a case study observed while working at a major project of civil registers integration in Italy.

O objetivo do presente artigo é apresentar um modelo, com base no trabalho de Bernanke e Blinder (1988), em que o crédito possui impacto macroeconômico, como canal de transmissão das políticas monetárias, bem como estimar a demanda agregada por crédito, observando o impacto da taxa Selic sobre a mesma. O ajuste do modelo econométrico foi feito utilizando os estimadores de Mínimos Quadrados em Dois Estágios (MQ2E) e Método Generalizado dos Momentos (GMM), sendo as variáveis instrumentais utilizadas relacionadas à oferta agregada de crédito. Os resultados são congruentes com a teoria econômica, com o crescimento de crédito sendo de -0,35% (MQ2E) e -0,55% (GMM) para uma variação de 1% na Selic.

SUMÁRIO

Government information system failures are filling not only newspapers but also parliamentary and administrative reports. This article deals with a case in which information and communication technologies (ICT)–related failure claimed by the media influenced the parliamentary agenda, and intra-governmental relations. Drawing on a narrative analysis of a Dutch parliamentary commission's hearings, it argues that the way the issue was initially framed by the media and then adopted, un-problematized, by Parliament steered the direction of action toward specific administrative solutions, thus shaping the landscape of possible organizational alliances. The article recommends a proactive role of parliaments in framing ICT projects.

The special issue on Scripts of Security proposes to advance interdisciplinary exchanges between Science and Technology Studies and Critical Security Studies. While performativity, enactment, and intra-action have opened important questions about the messiness of security practices and the contingency of their effects, there has been less attention to the obduracy of institutionalized agency and how continuities and asymmetries of power are reproduced, challenged, and maintained. This Special Issue proposes to revisit and rework the notion of script and the related analytical toolkit to make sense of both contingency and obduracy in the technopolitics of security. The contributions gathered here make three interventions in order to account for contemporary challenges posed by the increasing securitization of diverse sociotechnical practices. Firstly, they update, integrate, and reconfigure the notion of script and its associated toolbox to account for the specificities of security practices. Secondly, the articles revisit critical analyses of security in light of the notion of script. Finally, they show how such an updated notion of script can hold together accounts of contingency and obduracy and not jettison one at the expense of the other.

Research objective: This chapter will help researchers who want to experiment with a relational, performative, immanent approach to research in technopolitical security contexts. Research puzzle : The puzzle the chapter addresses in relation to secrecy and method concerns the gap between accountability requirements posed on democratic states, on one hand, and technopolitical decisions often taken apart from public scrutiny, on the other hand, in contexts in which the state engages in transnational multi-actor and multi-level relationships.