Suchergebnisse

Resumo Este artigo tem por objetivo avaliar os limites do debate acerca da crise de hegemonia dos Estados Unidos na década de 1970. Nossa hipótese é que a crise daquele período não correspondeu à crise de hegemonia - à revelia dos questionamentos a ela. Argumentaremos que, ao longo do pós-guerra, os EUA construíram as bases de um poder global que se consolidaram no decorrer daquela quadra e da seguinte, mediante o alicerçamento dos parâmetros formatadores do sistema interestatal - segurança, moeda/finanças, produção/tecnologia. A crise da década corresponde, por conseguinte, não à crise de hegemonia, mas ao antagonismo entre os limites da autonomia dos Estados Nacionais e a ascensão de uma ordem econômica transnacional, em cujo vértice se situa o poder global estadunidense. JEL: F40, F62, P16, N12.

Sustainable entrepreneurship creates value beyond profit. Its role is increasingly important in addressing issues related to environmental challenges. Sustainable entrepreneurs represent a tool to attain the Sustainable Development Goals established by the United Nations that address climate change, social inequality, human rights, and economic development. To solve these challenges, there is a need for high-performing sustainable entrepreneurs. The roles of innovativeness, organizational capabilities, and philanthropic corporate social responsibility (CSR) in the performance of sustainable entrepreneurs are still underexplored. Hence, this study proposes an analysis of the indirect and direct effects of innovativeness on entrepreneurial self-efficacy (ESE) and social entrepreneurial self-efficacy (SESE) and of the mediating role of organizational capabilities and philanthropic CSR. Based on structural equation modeling and importance-performance matrix analysis, the findings from a survey of 116 sustainable entrepreneurs identified a positive relationship between innovativeness and ESE, organizational capabilities, and philanthropic CSR. The indirect relationship mediated by organizational capabilities was found to be positive, while for philanthropic CSR, it was positive for SESE but negative for ESE. Interestingly, it was found that SESE is only positively influenced in indirect relations. This study contributes to the literature on how innovativeness can promote ESE and SESE and the role of organizational capabilities and philanthropic CSR in enhancing performance among sustainable entrepreneurs.

ResumoA maricultura, ramo específico da aquicultura que engloba a produção de organismos marinhos e estuarinos, possui como componentes principais o manejo da produção, a relação direta com o ambiente e seu proprietário. Essas características fazem com que a atividade possa ser analisada pelas Ciências Econômicas, Sociais e Ambientais. Assim, surge como uma alternativa importante no desenvolvimento econômico e pode ser uma atividade para as comunidades litorâneas, interagindo diretamente com o meio ambiente onde está inserida. Nessa perspectiva, pode ser analisada sob o conceito da sustentabilidade. O presente trabalho discorre sobre essa temática, apontando aspectos da maricultura sustentável, considerando características de uma produção lucrativa, conexão com a conservação de sistemas naturais e importantes aspectos sociais, como possibilidade de integração com práticas locais.

Tourism lifestyle entrepreneurs (TLEs) have introduced an innovation in business management based on the region, community, environmental sustainability, and extra financial factors. This type of entrepreneur allows the development of regions by attracting investment and presenting innovative products/services and is an important aid to the local economy. Based on the importance of TLEs, this study aims to explore factors influencing satisfaction with life as a key ingredient to attracting surf TLE. For this purpose, priority was given to obtaining primary data through a sequential approach of mixed methods, first with a quantitative study using survey data of 109 surf TLEs, followed by in-depth interviews. The results show that a good contact network and a strong link to a place influence satisfaction with life in a positive way. As a result, the moderating effect of financial objectives on these relationships alerts destination decision-makers about different entrepreneurial approaches regarding surf businessman attraction. This study makes an important contribution by providing empirical evidence regarding the ongoing discussion about financial vs. non-financial objectives for this type of entrepreneur, showing that both are important for their decision-making process. These results provide valuable insights for several industry stakeholders, namely funders (for grant approval), policymakers (alerting that these entrepreneurs should be addressed considering non-financial objectives), and entrepreneurs (alerting to goal definition patterns).

El objetivo de este capítulo consiste en presentar los principales instrumentos utilizados para el ordenamiento territorial y las instituciones responsables por la gestión de la zona costera del Estado de Paraná, litoral subtropical sur-brasileño. Se abordaron los aspectos más relevantes para la zona costera estudiada, como el proceso de elaboración y ejecución de políticas públicas, el papel de los comités y los órganos colegiados de gestión del territorio, así como la posibilidad de adopción de estrategias alternativas de gestión. Los instrumentos de ordenación analizados fueron obtenidos a través de un levantamiento bibliográfico de legislaciones y normativas que inciden sobre el litoral paranaense. La caracterización de las instituciones gestoras se basó en la revisión de documentos oficiales y fuentes institucionales. El análisis de "fuerzas, debilidades, amenazas y oportunidades" de la gestión se realizó a través de la metodología SWOT. Como resultado, se identificó el mosaico legislativo e institucional que compone la gestión de la costa paranaense, permitiendo la discusión, no sólo sobre su adecuación y eficiencia, sino también sobre la posibilidad de la adopción de la gestión transfronteriza basada en ecosistemas para la región. A partir de los resultados de ese trabajo, fue posible observar y concluir sobre qué instrumentos estatales (Paraná), son más utilizados en la gestión de la región, influenciando el funcionamiento de las instituciones involucradas en cada aspecto de la gestión costera integrada del Paraná. Este análisis permitió proponer adecuaciones para la adopción de mejores prácticas para la gestión de la región, permitiendo además comparaciones futuras con otras zonas costeras en Brasil y América Latina.

PurposeThe wine sector is a growing industry with an important share of the revenue resulting from export markets. Due to its cultural nature, wine exporting requires specific firm and managerial capabilities. As such, traditional approaches to the factors influencing export performance must integrate the specificities of wine as a product.Design/methodology/approachThis study, based on a sample of 93 wine producers, develops and tests, using structural equation modeling, specifically the partial least squares method, a conceptual model of the influence of internal factors, external factors and partner relationship capabilities in export performance.FindingsResults reveal that internal factors and partner relationships have an impact on the firm's noneconomic performance which influences economic performance. It is also shown by the results that external factors do not affect the noneconomic performance or economic performance. Moreover, the results show the moderation effect of the noneconomic variable. Internal factors and relationship capabilities have an impact on economic performance considering the mediation effect of the noneconomic performance. Overall, firms' internal factors and relationship capabilities are crucial to achieve better export performance for Portuguese wine companies.Originality/valueThis study combines the theories of SCP, resource-based view and relational or behavior perspective to present a novel approach to export performance by analyzing the external and internal dimensions of the firm in relation to both financial and nonfinancial performances.

The essence of this research is to shed light on use and importance of artificial intelligence (AI) in commercial activity. As such, the objective of the present study is to understand the impact of AI tools on the development of business functions and if they can be affirmed as a means of help or as a substitute for these functions. In-depth interviews were conducted with 15 commercial managers from technological SMEs. The results indicate that all the participants use AI systems frequently, that these tools assist in developing of their functions, allowing having more time and better preparing to solve the commercial problems. The findings also indicate that the tools used by commercials are still somewhat limited, and companies should focus on their training and development in AI, as well as the training of their commercials. Furthermore, the results show that firms intend to use the data collection and the analytical tool that enable real-time response and customization according to customer needs.

Embora existam vários estudos em todo o mundo que procuram identificar os hábitos alimentares saudáveis dos consumidores e os seus padrões de consumo, em Portugal este é um assunto ainda pouco explorado, o que não permite a compreensão destes padrões para referência futura quando comparado com outras realidades internacionais. Apoiado por uma amostra de 282 questionários e 15 entrevistas para fundamentar a análise actual, foi possível identificar um conjunto de informação que permitirá aos gestores do sector alimentar saudável definir quaisquer novas estratégias de acordo com a obtenção de vantagens competitivas sustentáveis para os seus negócios.

As a result of the pandemic and the consequent changes in labor market patterns, firms are facing a difficult moment in attracting and retaining talented employees. In these new patterns, remuneration factors are increasingly a necessary but not sufficient condition to address this challenge. Given this background, this study seeks to identify the role of perceived organizational support in affective organizational commitment. In order to achieve this objective, structural equation models were used based on survey data from a sample of 333 respondents. The findings of this study reveal that perceived organizational support positively influences affective organizational commitment, job involvement, and job satisfaction. Furthermore, job involvement and job satisfaction were found to play a mediating effect in the relation between perceived organizational support and affective organizational commitment.

Abstract

Background/Purpose: This work is focused on the variables that influence the outcomes of mergers and acquisitions, by learning from past mistakes, adopt better strategies and make wiser decisions to enhance the outcomes of their mergers and acquisitions. Using a qualitative approach, this research contributes to existing knowledge on mergers and acquisitions performance by exploring the cultural, managerial and organizational factors dimensions through an integrative approach using multiple perspectives.

Methodology: Fifteen interviews were conducted with experienced professionals in multiple areas of mergers and acquisitions. Content analysis was used to interpret the results. This enabled to achieve a more complete set of answers and potential solutions while comparing opinions on the same problems from slightly different angles.

Results: Results show the existence of managerial hubris, emotional attachment and over-optimism in mergers and acquisitions. There was a relative support towards standardizing the process of mergers and acquisitions deals, but respondents advise to keep some creativity and flexibility.

Conclusion: The article concludes by addressing key issues for mergers and acquisitions performance: capabilities and experience; organizational communication; internal coordination; and, key issues for decision-making.