Suchergebnisse

This short essay introduces four articles on urban schools in France and provides a framework for a comparative analysis of urban schools in France and the United States.

Résumé La vente en solde des vêtements de prêt-à-porter haut de gamme à Paris, dans les années quatre-vingt et quatre-vingt-dix, se déroule deux fois par an. L'auteur l'a observée dans huit boutiques de la capitale. L'offre habituelle d'articles et le décor marchand sont modifiés tandis que le service personnalisé est rare. Cette situation entraîne des interactions inédites entre la clientèle et le personnel des magasins. Le client doit s'adapter à un dispositif spécifique de vente : trouver sa place dans la foule des acheteurs pour capter la marchandise conforme à son style et pour essayer les vêtements désirés. Le monde social des soldes transforme, ponctuellement mais régulièrement, les boutiques de luxe en établissements de prêt-à-porter plus ordinaires.

Black Metropolis, an exemplary monograph about the South Side of Chicago, was written mainly by St. Clair Drake and Horace R. Cayton and was published in 1945. Both authors had former experience in research and field work. Black Metropolis was initially a Works Progress Administration project in collaboration with Lloyd Warner to use the money coming from federal funds. Drake and Cayton divided the work of studying different social components of the black community. Cayton was familiar with upper class and Drake with lower class and churches. A large team was set up to undertake the Cayton-Warner project from 1936 to 1941. There was no initial project for a book, and the expectations of the different members of the team were highly diverse. It was not until 1940 and 1941, once the study had been completed, that the three main researchers had the idea of publishing a book based on it.

Black Metropolis, an exemplary monograph about the South Side of Chicago, was written mainly by St. Clair Drake & Horace H. Cayton & was published in 1945. Both authors had former experience in research & field work. Black Metropolis was initially a Works Progress Administration project in collaboration with Lloyd Warner to use the money coming from federal funds. Drake & Cayton divided the work of studying different social components of the black community. Cayton was familiar with upper class & Drake with lower class & churches. A large team was set up to undertake the Cayton-Warner project from 1936 to 1941. There was no initial project for a book, & the expectations of the different members of the team were highly diverse. It was not until 1940 & 1941, once the study had been completed, that the three main researchers had the idea of publishing a book based on it. 16 References. [Reprinted by permission of Sage Publications Inc., copyright 2004 The American Academy of Political and Social Science.]

Major evolutionary trends in French academic social science in the 1960s are traced & linked to the primacy of an abstract philosophical attitude geared toward the project of scientifically confirming the great political expectations of that era. The currently unwieldy method of much French social research is traced to attempts made in this period to combine a new scientific epistemology -- with pretentions to scientifically ground abstract, universal knowledge in a manner distinct from the positivist model -- with an attack on phenomenology. It is urged that US enthusiasm for French social research be moderated by a reflection on the conceptual needs of the US's successful empirical tradition. 1 Table, 57 References. A. Levine

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