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The paper deals with the linguistic aspects of video game localization. The practical material for the study is the original and localized versions of the games Dishonored 2, Control, and Monster Hunter: Rise. The paper provides a brief overview of scientific research on localization. The analysis of existing studies gives grounds to speak about the relevance of investigating the linguistic aspect of video game localization, its specific features, and interrelation with other aspects of this process. Video game discourse as a multi-genre product, which includes all types of communicative influence, is considered in the paper as a kind of computer discourse based on a number of common features, previously distinguished in the literature. This discourse is creolized text consisting of visual and auditory components. The linguistic component of this discourse is presented in written and audio form. The paper indicates the main types of modern video games depending on the plot and the role of the gamer. A brief overview of the history of the term 'localization', which is currently interpreted as the process of adapting a product or content for a particular region or market, is presented. The authors examine the relationship between the concepts of 'localization' and 'translation' in the context of modern translation studies and translation practice. The paper provides a typology of video game localization levels and a description of its main models. The analysis of video game localization is carried out considering the three 'blocks' of localization that require work with linguistic aspects, namely translation: interface, in-game text, subtitles and dubbing. Linguistic and extralinguistic, primarily technical, factors were found to be the main factors complicating the translation process.

The spread of digital technologies, as well as the expansion of remote work practices, have a direct impact on the transformation of the labor market. At the same time, there is no wellestablished scholarly consensus about the nature and consequences of this influence. The key premise of the article is that there are relatively few empirical studies on the labor market that account for the influence of the location of regions relative to each other. This article tests a hypothesis about the significance of location and neighborhood of territories on labor demand in the context of economic digitalization, based on the calculation of coefficients of demand localization for specialists of different profiles and methods of spatial econometrics. The assessment is based on the evaluation of the registered unemployment rate heterogeneity for municipalities in the Perm region of the Russian Federation, using the global and local Moran's indexes. The studies revealed a positive spatial autocorrelation among neighboring municipalities that proved the high spatial heterogeneity of the registered unemployment rate. Centers of localization and development of labor resources ("growth poles") and territories affected by spillover effects were also identified. This demonstrates that spatial inter-territorial relations have a significant impact on the demand for labor, which makes it necessary to account for spatial effects when modeling dynamics of employment indicators. The method of labor market analysis based on the assessment of spatial heterogeneity of the unemployment rate and the calculation of localization coefficients is universal and can be applied to various taxonomic units.

The paper discusses the problem of transcultural transformation of onomastic metaphor in Russian-Chinese humorous discourse in the light of the synergetic concept of translation space, which serves as the methodological basis of the study. The works of Russian Sinologists and Chinese onomasticians were also used as a theoretical basis for the study. The authors of the paper rely on the idea that in discursive metaphorical field, they are charactonyms having a unique cultural and value potential, that act as the linguistic embodiment of the onomastic metaphor. Onomastic metonymy is also embodied in discursive space. The combined study of both allows us to enhance the understanding of the onomastic metaphor as a motivated anthroponym and the onomastic metonymy as an anthroponym-derived nomination. To date, there is no consensus among scientists about the translation of onyms, including onomastic metaphonyms, into Chinese, which can lead to translation inconsistencies caused by misunderstanding of the author's intentions expressed by charactonyms, and, as a result, to weakening or disappearance of the humorous effect of the translated work. The process of transcultural transformation of onomastic metaphor and onomastic metonymy takes place in the translation space and can unfold in two directions. In the case of a positive development vector in the translation space, there is a synergistic increment of new metaphorical meanings, expanding the metaphorical and metonymic space of the anthroponym, which we consider to be a manifestation of remetaphorization / remetonymization characteristic of harmonious translation. In the case of a negative vector of development, the metaphorical and metonymic space of the anthroponym narrows, there takes place demetaphorization / demetonymization, which means the emergence of disharmonious translation, weakening the humorous effect of the translated discourse. The material for the analysis in the present study was the humorous story by A. P. Chekhov The Order and its translation into Chinese. As a result of the study, it has been found that during translation, a transcultural transformation of the original onomastic model takes place, which acquires both positive and negative character. In the case of a positive character, there is a harmonious translation with the recreation of the humorous effect of the original.

The article focuses on investigating the specifics of the Artificial Intelligence (AI) ideologeme in the website discourse of software vendors. The material of the study is the website discourse of Microsoft. The linguo-conceptual and discursive analyses have resulted in identifying the most frequent lexemes in dictionary entries and constructing the nominative field of the AI concept. We have carried out a corpus-assisted study of the linguistic representation of the AI ideologeme in the Microsoft discourse using AntConc and extracted keywords and collocations, including metaphorical ones, which make the ideologeme explicit through keywords such as responsible, businesses, change, etc., collocations: AI-ready culture, AI-human partnership, etc., metaphors based on the actions of living beings such as drive, dive, etc. The keywords and collocations create the intention-driven positive ideologeme of AI as a phenomenon regulated by competent bodies and empowering businesses to drive the positive change, along with amplifying the capabilities of human beings. The nonverbal means of the AI ideologeme have been described within the representative and interactive dimensions such as pictures of living beings, colors of nature such as green and blue, and metaphorical perspectives contributing to the discursive affinity of AI and nature. The corpus-assisted study has resulted in identifying the discursive representation of the AI ideologeme which is different from that of the dictionary entries describing AI as a machine capability to copy the human behavior.

The paper focuses on English-to-Russian translations of patent applications on the website of the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO). A comparative analysis of patent applications is performed by using translations made with the help of the WIPO Translate tool and human translators within the framework of the synergetic translation space concept encompassing the domains of the author's intensions, text content and composition, energy, translator, recipient, and the translation acceptability notion. The translation erratology aspects were considered from the point of view of the semantic, referential, and syntactic ambiguity within the domains of content-composition and energy space. In the domain of the author, the intention to convey some technical information is revealed, while its rendering in the content-composition and energy domains depends on whether the translation is made by a person or a machine. Genre- and composition-related specifics have been rendered in both cases while machine translation errors have been proven to result from the semantic, referential, or syntactic ambiguity, and this is when the translated output is generally considered unacceptable by the recipient. The results obtained can be used for editing machine translations of patent documentation, assessing the quality of technical documentation translation that is referred to other specific genre conventions.

The study focuses on the problem of forgetting Chinese hieroglyphs that arises in the process of learning the Chinese language. The problem is relevant with regard to the modern methods in teaching Chinese as a foreign language. The author sets the following tasks: 1) by the example of students specializing in linguistics at Perm State University, to analyze experimentally the process of forgetting the lexical minimum; 2) to study the cognitive characteristics and patterns of forgetting hieroglyphics. The experiment results were analyzed based on the reactions 'Reading' and 'Translation'. It was found that for students it is easier to remember translation rather than reading of a hieroglyph: the coefficient of correct answers for the 'Translation' reaction is on average higher than that for the 'Reading' reaction. Comparative tables were compiled showing the average value of the forgetting coefficient among students learning vocabulary HSK 1 and HSK 2 at three control time points. The experiment showed that at all levels and for both reactions one tendency is observed: the degree of forgetting hieroglyphics increases by the beginning of the academic period following the previously completed period but decreases by the end of the educational period to the initial or lower level. There were identified factors that can increase recognition of hieroglyphs, for example, the presence of analogues in the Russian language (terms of kinship, numerals, pronouns). The process of forgetting was analyzed; analysis showed that hieroglyphs are forgotten only at the initial stage of training, with subsequent increase in the memorizing degree exceeding the initial indicators. The data obtained can serve as an important empirical basis in developing approaches to the methodology of teaching the Chinese language, and can also be useful for research concerning the problems of forgetting lexical units when studying foreign languages and, in particular, the memorization of hieroglyphs.