Suchergebnisse

Public speeches of the deputies of the Russian Federation State Duma represent productive empirical material that requires an interdisciplinary approach to its analysis. The goal of the reported study is defining the degree of the concord regarding the future of Russia among deputies and the localization of this agreement in the semantic space (equilibrium point). The empirical base under consideration comprises the transcripts of Russian Federation State Duma sittings. This dataset covers time period from 1994 to mid-2020 and includes 324 thousand phrases (27 million words) from 2773 deputies and other people. The paper presents the general design of the study of the State Duma deputies discourse using the "Semograph" information system, the SlovNet library for natural language text processing based on deep learning, the SciVi visual analytics platform, the map visualization module based on the Leaflet library, the geocoding of geographic objects based on the OpenStreetMap map provider and other tools. The application of the approach showed the importance of the institutional foundations of the symbolic deputies' mapping of the regions of the Volga Federal District (the electoral connection of a deputy with the region – deputies elected by party list or pluralist rule).

The article explores the research problem associated with the political survival of local heads amidst the conditions of competitive mayoral elections. It probes questions like: Does political loyalty remain a significant factor for retaining a position? How does a mayor's political loyalty influence their political survival within a competitive framework? Employing the principal-agent theory, we examine factors such as electoral loyalty, economic efficiency, and personal characteristics of mayors (such as origin, age, work experience in local self-government executive branch, and electoral experience) as determinants of mayoral political survival. Our study encompasses 208 contests held in the Perm region and Sverdlovsk region from 2015 to 2022. Our regression analysis shows that successful electoral mobilization and high voting results for the "United Russia" party or the incumbent enhance a mayor's chances of retaining their position. However, a mayor's socio-economic success does not significantly impact their political "survival". Moreover, electoral loyalty is not the sole significant determinant of a mayor's "survival". Factors such as the local head's age and origin also play a role in their retention of position. This article broadens the understanding of the political survival of Russian local mayors and underscores the need to explore other explanatory models of mayoral "survival".

The COVID-19 pandemic and related events have affected various areas ofsocial life. The natural processes of growing up and socialization of adolescents have also undergone a transformation. The consequences of this transformation will be observed for a long time to come. The article presents an empirical study conducted in 2 stages —before the official start of the pandemic in February 2019 and two years after its start in February 2022. The study involved 89 male respondents, students of a secondary voca-tional education institution. At the time of the first measurement, the average age of the participants was 17.21±0.51, and at the time of the second measurement —19.20±0.48. Diagnostics was carried out us-ing the following methods: Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory, Suicide Risk Questionnaire modified by T.N.Razuvaeva, Unified Methodology for Socio-Psychological Testingdeveloped by D.V.Zhuravlev and A.V.Kiseleva. Statistical analysis included intragroup comparison (Student's t-test, Wilcoxon's T-test) before and after the onset of the pandemic. Data analysis showed conflicting results. There was found nogeneral trend toward a decrease or increase in addictive manifestations. Possible reasons for the patterns obtained were considered in terms of the mutual influence of the pandemic processes and the natural processes ofgrowing up, as well as in the context of social interaction features in this age period.

The article deals with the communicative category 'speech clarity' in official responses to requests and messages of citizens in the social networking service VKontakte. Following the analysis of sci-entific literature, the authors of the study conclude that speech clarity is one among such characteristics of speech as accessibility, comprehensibility, intelligibility, and simplicity, these opposed to the lack of clarity, unreliability, ambiguity, as well as semantic and structural complexity. The authors show the following lin-guistic means to make speech unclear and lead to speech ambiguity: terms, officialese, loanwords, archa-isms, and neologisms, lexemes denoting ambiguity, abstract nouns, polynomial phrases, complex sentences with different types of subordinate clauses, passive voice, and impersonal sentences. In the course of study more than 300 texts were analyzed and ways of increasing speech clarity were identified. These include re-placing of officialese and legal terms with common and concrete vocabulary, the use of proper names instead of generalizing generic names, clarification of legal terms, substantiating the answer to a citizen's request by reference to a relevant regulatory act, the use of simple sentences,intentional structuring of multi-component statements. As part of research, the authors conducted an experimental pilot study aiming to determine text complexity and readability of official responses using the online service Textometer (https://textometr.ru/). Itis concluded that the digital dialogue between the authorities and society requires the formation of a new official communicative style. This communicative style is meant to contribute to the development of innova-tive types of speech interaction between the government and citizens in social networks and messengers.

The article examines The World Through the Child's Eyes, a novel being the first work of the autobiographical trilogy by Sophia Zaitseva, a writer belonging to the first wave of Russian emigration. The novel is discussed in the context of the literary tradition of Leo Tolstoy (the story Childhood). It is argued that the structure of the trilogy correlates with the structure of Tolstoy's trilogy Childhood, Adolescence, Youth. In the story by Zaitseva, there are such characteristic features of the 'tale of childhood' as a child hero discovering the world, the space of the house as the organizing space of the character's life, the image of the family way of life, the development of the principles of depicting the inner world of a child. The study draws parallels with the Tolstoy's work on the figurative, motivational, spatial, plot levels of the artistic system of the story The World Through the Child's Eyes. Special attention is paid to the comparison of the images of Nikolenka and Sonya, to the principles of analyzing the inner world of the characters; the paper identifies the similarities and differences in using the method of psychologism, as well as the role of the principle of detachment in the creation of images of the heroes. The article examines the organization of space in The World Through the Child's Eyes, the relationship of one's own and another's in the artistic structure of the works, analyzes the interaction of cultures in Zaitseva's story. The comparison of the works provides a better understanding of the historical and cultural context of the story by Zaitseva and the role of the tradition of Russian classics in her work.

The article considers "letters to the editors" addressed to the regional Soviet newspapers in 1985–1991as a kind of "letters to the authorities" and an important channel for this type of social and political communication. In the second half of the 1980s, the scale of the epistolary activities of Soviet citizens increased significantly. The departments of letters in central and local newspapers and magazines "drowned" in the flow of letters written on a wide range of issues – from the current political agenda to personal biographies of newspaper readers. History, the past, historical and cultural heritage have become a distinctive feature of the "letters to the editor" during perestroika. The paper focuses on a complex of unpublished written sources – letters from readers to the editorial office of the popular newspapers Molodaya Gvardiya and Vechernyaya Perm, published in the capital of the Perm region. The data of the local press are supplemented by the archival files of the all-Union weekly Literaturnaya Gazeta. The study shows that letters to the editor of the period under research represent the hierarchical nature of communication between readers and the editors from the bottom up, demonstrate the inequality of the potentials of the sender and recipient of letters. Letters to the editor often were often written according to the formats that had developed in the previous decades of Soviet history. On the other hand, the sources make it possible to reveal the discursive features of the letters of the perestroika era in terms of composition, rhetorical devices and themes. Letters to the editor are interpreted as one of the channels for promoting local historical and cultural initiatives, activism on issues of local identity, etc.

In 2020, the whole world faces the COVID-19 pandemic and its consequences. Ordinary people were particularly vulnerable. State-supported volunteer movements and independent civic associations came to their aid. Clearly, volunteers have played an enormous role in supporting citizens in the era of the coronavirus, but the question arises: how did they achieve their effectiveness and what influenced this? Scientific research defines effectiveness in different ways. The authors of this article focus on the structure of volunteer movements, financial performance and achievement of their goals. Based on normative documents and interviews, the activities of the Perm organisation SOSED and the regional chapter of #Wearetogether are studied. The authors conclude that the organisations have a different structure, which affects their activities, results and effectiveness.

The article analyzes the materials of the settlement Vinnyi Zavod II of the late Ananyino time, located in the lower reaches of the Sylva River, from the excavations of 2005. The general characteristic of the topographic situation for the microdistrict of sites of the Early Iron Age is given. The features of the geomorphological structure of the terrace, the stratigraphy of coastal sediments and the causes of the formation of sterile ballast deposits are considered. The description of the investigated objects is presented. The artifacts are analyzed, their detailed chronological attribution is given. The ceramic complex of the settlement was considered separately. Attention was paid to the study of the combination of ornamental motifs and compositions, which allows the authors to take into account the proposed methodology. A comparative analysis of the ceramic material of the Vinnyi Zavod II settlement and the ceramics of the Glyadeno sacred place by the method of main components was made. The result showed both a significant similarity of the complexes and the specifics of the microdistrict of the mouth of the Sylva river. The features of ornamentation form a certain stereotype characteristic of the microregion in the late Ananyino time, continues to develop during the functioning of the Glyadenovo culture, and further in the complexes of the early medieval Nevolino culture of the Sylva-Iren interfluve. The clothing material of the settlement indicates its dating within the end of the 5th– 4th centuries BC. The complex of the Vinnyi Zavod II settlement can be considered a reference for the monuments of the late stage of the Ananyino culture of the Middle Kama region.

The relevance of the topic is justified by the objective need to modernize domestic enterprises in response to the changing conditions and increasing uncertainty of the external competitive environment. The success of implementing various innovations in an organization largely depends on the support for innovative projects from its employees. Organizational trust is considered as one of the conditions for the formation of such support. Organizational trust is defined as the acceptance of vulnerability based on the confidence in one's expectations towards others. Standardization of these expectations in the form of values and norms is provided by organizational culture. Based on theoretical arguments and results of empirical research conducted by both Russian and foreign authors, the paper reveals the influence that organizational culture elements and management practices have on the development of organizational trust. The analysis focuses on the interpersonal level of the formation and development of organizational trust in situations of horizontal and vertical interaction. The literature review allowed us to identify the main cultural and managerial factors for the formation of organizational culture of trust. The regularities that reflect the conditionality of organizational trust are formulated: it depends on the degree of consistency of organizational goals, values, and norms; the manifestation in organizational rituals and activities; a supportive management style; an open control system and a fair system of sanctions. It is shown that the literature pays insufficient attention to the specifics of trust formation as a factor of industrial enterprises modernization. A list of research hypotheses about the influence of organizational culture elements on organizational trust is formulated, which can become the basis for the study of the process of forming organizational culture of trust at industrial enterprises.