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In: International journal of public opinion research, Band 20, Heft 2, S. 258-261
ISSN: 1471-6909
In: International journal of public opinion research, Band 17, Heft 1, S. 1-4
ISSN: 1471-6909
In: Neue Zeitschrift für Verwaltungsrecht: NVwZ ; vereinigt mit Verwaltungsrechtsprechung, Band 14, Heft 6, S. 558-559
ISSN: 0721-880X
In: The journal of human resources, Band 23, Heft 4, S. 488
ISSN: 1548-8004
In: Impact assessment, Band 4, Heft 3-4, S. 149-167
In: Marriage & family review, Band 29, Heft 4, S. 295-314
ISSN: 1540-9635
In: American economic review, Band 91, Heft 2, S. 125-129
ISSN: 1944-7981
In: Marriage & family review, Band 29, Heft 2-3, S. 1-9
ISSN: 1540-9635
In: The journal of human resources, Band 33, Heft 2, S. 531
ISSN: 1548-8004
In: Annual review of sociology, Band 21, Heft 1, S. 163-194
ISSN: 1545-2115
The Easterlin effect posits cyclical changes in demographic and social behavior as the result of fluctuations in birth rates and cohort size during the post-World War II period. Large cohort size reduces the economic opportunities of its members and reduces income relative to smaller parental generations. Low relative economic status in turn leads to lower fertility, higher rates of female labor force participation, later marriage, higher divorce and illegitimacy, and increasing homicide, suicide, and alienation. Cycles in birth rates and cohort size suggest that the small baby bust cohorts entering adulthood in the 1990s will enjoy higher relative income, more traditional family structures, and lower levels of social disorganization. Of interest to economists and sociologists, the Easterlin effect has generated a large literature in the several decades since it was first proposed. Our review of the empirical studies notes the diversity of support across behaviors, time periods, and nations. Up to 1980, changes in wages, fertility, and social disorganization closely matched cohort size, but individual-level studies found little influence of relative income within cohorts. Further, the correspondence of the trends ends in the 1980s and appears in few countries other than the United States. Our review emphasizes both the contingent nature of the Easterlin effect and the way in which conditions have changed in recent decades to reduce the salience of cohort size for social and demographic behavior.
In: The journal of human resources, Band 27, Heft 4, S. 551
ISSN: 1548-8004
In: Materials & Design, Band 5, Heft 4, S. 186-192
In: Hoppe-Seyler´s Zeitschrift für physiologische Chemie, Band 304, Heft Jahresband, S. 221-231
Although federal and state support for childcare has increased dramatically in response to welfare work requirements, low-income families are still facing difficulties balancing work and family obligations. There is wide variation across states in the strictness of welfare work requirements and in the generosity of childcare support. In addition, the level of co-payments required and the flexibility to use subsidies for informal modes of childcare differ across states, leading families to make different childcare and employment choices. The purpose of From Welfare to Childcare i