Suchergebnisse

How do the media affect public support for democratic institutions in a fragile democracy? What role do they play in a dictatorial regime? We study these questions in the context of Germany of the 1920s and 1930s. During the democratic period, when the Weimar government introduced progovernment political news, the growth of Nazi popularity slowed down in areas with access to radio. This effect was reversed during the campaign for the last competitive election as a result of the pro-Nazi radio broadcast following Hitler's appointment as German chancellor. During the consolidation of dictatorship, radio propaganda helped the Nazis to enroll new party members. After the Nazis established their rule, radio propaganda incited anti-Semitic acts and denunciations of Jews to authorities by ordinary Germans. The effect of anti-Semitic propaganda varied depending on the listeners' predispositions toward the message. Nazi radio was most effective in places where anti- Semitism was historically high and had a negative effect in places with historically low anti-Semitism. (author's abstract)

To date, processes to implement the global Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and international climate change mitigation and adaptation obligations are largely disconnected in most countries. This creates administrative overlaps, costs and hampers the development of effective problem solutions. Against this background, the report presents the state of research on policy integration and integrated policy-making. We discuss different understandings of policy integration and elaborate criteria for assessing policy integration from different academic perspectives. With the help of a comprehensive screening of the empirical practices of integration, we identify three approaches: Cognitive capacity development, institutional coordination and joint implementation strategies. In addition, we identify factors that can promote the use of integration mechanisms ("drivers" of integration). These include political leadership, civic participation and deliberation, inputs from science and sustainable finance. For some countries that are particularly successful in both their sustainability and climate policies, we analyse the use of integration mechanisms. For selected countries, the analysis is deepened and linked to the drivers of integration. Finally, we discuss the possibilities for transferring practices and drivers of integration both to Germany and to other countries. The report concludes with conclusions drawn from the extensive empirical surveys.

The article discusses the methodology for diagnosing the upbringing competences of students in pedagogic areas of training. The authors present the theoretical foundations on which the methodology is based, including the content and structure of the graduate's competency model. The article characterises the criteria for assessing upbringing competences and substantiates the methods that are used to diagnose according to these criteria. The authors describe the general diagnostic procedure and requirements for it, the form for presenting the results and recommendations for students. The article presents in detail the content and procedure of individual methods – testing, solving case tasks, value-oriented game, motivational survey. The paper presents and interprets the results of a comprehensive diagnosis of upbringing competences of future pedagogues, and makes suggestions for the development of diagnostic tools.

The article discusses the problems of developing a methodology for assessing students upbringing competences. The authors present the results of a theoretical analysis of the problem of diagnosing the competences of a future upbringer. The article presents a meaningful and structural model of the competence of a future upbringer, identifies the barriers that arise in the diagnosis of readiness for upbringing activities. The authors proposed criteria for assessing the formation of upbringing competences (cognitive, activity and value-motivational) and developed their own assessment methods for each of these competences. Each of these methods allows one determining the level of formation of upbringing competences according to one of the criteria. The content of the techniques is correlated with the content of the competences themselves. The article presents a description of the achievement test, a motivational questionnaire, a value-orientational game, a set of case tasks, and also identifies ways to validate the proposed comprehensive methodology, which can become the basis for the qualification exam of a future upbringer.

Abstract
Background
The implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) requires much planning and the provision of resources, especially regarding the necessary investments, technologies and infrastructures needed. Yet, it is presently unclear how available these elements are, what gaps exist, what changes have taken place in terms of their availability since the adoption of the SDGs and what their requirements will be in the future. The knowledge gap has become even more concerning because of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Using a bibliometric analysis, an assessment of the global progress of SDG implementation and requirements, identifying challenges through the development of a matrix, and a set of 11 case studies to triangulate the holistic analysis, an assessment of the global progress of the SDGs implementation and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on this process was carried out.

Results
The findings suggest that the scope and width of resources limitation are currently undermining the implementation of the SDGs. Apart from the fact that the pace of progress has been insufficient, the potential of the SDGs in pursuing sustainability and improving life quality is not fully realised. This trend suggests that a substantial acceleration of the efforts is needed, especially for the five SDGs whose progress since 2015 has not been optimal, namely SDG2, SDG11, SDG13, SDG15, and SDG16, while SDG3, SDG7, SDG9, SDG14, and SDG17 show signs of progress. The case studies showed that different industries have dissimilar effects on achieving the SDGs, with the food sector correlating with 15 SDGs, as opposed to the energy sector correlating with 6 SDGs. Accordingly, the priority level assessment in terms of achieving the SDGs, points to the need to further advance the above-mentioned five SDGs, i.e., 2, 11, 13, 15 and 16.

Conclusions
This study fills in a knowledge gap in respect of the current need for and availability of investments, new technologies, and infrastructures to allow countries to pursue the SDGs. It is suggested that this availability is rather limited in specific contexts. In respect of the needs to be addressed, these include resource-related constraints, limited technologies and infrastructures, affecting SDG2, SDG11, SDG13, SDG15, and SDG16, whose progress needs to be enhanced. Since the global progress in the process of implementation of the SDGs depends directly and indirectly on addressing the resource gaps, it is suggested that this topic be further investigated, so that the present imbalances in the three dimensions of sustainable development: the economic, social and environmental, be adequately addressed.

Im Jahr 2015 wurden drei hochrangige Politikagenden auf internationaler Ebene verabschiedet: die 2030-Agenda für nachhaltige Entwicklung mit 17 Zielen für eine nachhaltige Entwicklung (Sustainable Development Goals, SDGs), das Pariser Abkommen zum Klimaschutz und das Sendai-Rahmenwerk für Katastrophenvorsorge. Inhaltlich gibt es verschiedene Überlappungen und Schnittstellen zwischen diesen Agenden. So gilt beispielsweise die Erreichung von Klimaschutzzielen als Voraussetzung für die Erreichung sozialer Ziele beispielsweise im Bereich der Armuts- und Hungerbekämpfung, aber auch des Gesundheitsschutzes. Über fünf Jahre nach ihrer Verabschiedung hinkt die Umsetzung der drei Agenden hinterher und die Zielerreichung ist bisher begrenzt. Eine Strategie, um Umsetzung und Wirksamkeit von 2030-Agenda, Pariser Übereinkommen und Sendai Rahmenwerk zu verbessern, besteht in ihrer stärker integrierten Umsetzung. Der Bericht fasst Ergebnisse eines ReFoPlan-Vorhabens zusammen, das sich mit Wechselwirkungen zwischen den drei Agenden, Möglichkeiten ihrer integrierten Umsetzung und der Entwicklung nachhaltiger Anpassungspfade ("Sustainable Adaptation Pathways") befasst hat. Er stellt Hintergrund und Zielsetzung, Arbeitspakte, Analyseergebnisse und die im Rahmen des Projekts durchgeführten Veranstaltungen überblicksartig dar.