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Defying Male Civilization: Women in the Spanish Civil War. Mary Nash. Denver, CO: Arden Press, 1995. 261 pp.

Book reviewed in this article:Limqueco, P. & B. McFarlane, eds. (1983), Neo‐Marxist Theories of DevelopmentSmith, N. (1984), Uneven DevelopmentKuklinski, A. & J.G. Lambooy, eds. (1983), Dilemmas in Regional Policy. United Nations Research Institute for Social Development, Geneva. Regional Planning Series Volume 12Humphrey, C.R. & F.R. Buttel (1982), Environment, Energy and SocietyLindsay, B., ed. (1980), Comparative Perspectives of Third World Women: The Impact of Race, Sex and ClassHuston, P. (1979), Third World Women Speak Out. Interviews in Six Countries on Change, Development, and Basic NeedsBourguicnon, E., ed. (1980), A World of Women. Anthropological Studies of Women in the Societies of the WorldEtienne, M. von & E. Leacock, eds. (1980), Women and Colonization: Anthropological PerspectivesWhttlock, R. (1983), The English FarmDevine, T.M. ed. (1984), Farm Servants and Labour in Lowland Scotland 1770–1914‐This book of essays is a welcome addition to literature on Scottish agricultural life. It is wellO'Neill, B.J. (1984), Proprietárious, Lavradores t JornaleirasSachs, C.E. (1983), The Invisible Farmers. Women in Agricultural ProductionYeganiantz, L., ed. (1984), Brazilian Agriculture and Agricultural ResearchBates, R.H. (1983), Essays on the Political Economy of Rural AfricaChan, A., R. Madsen & J. Unger (1984), Chen Village. The Recent History of a Peasant Community in Mao's ChinaHinton, W. (1983), Shenfan. The Continuing Revolution in a Chinese Village

I suggest that the reader sufficiently interested in our debate on Catalonia consult the two original essays; in this reply to a reply, I will cover only so much of the old ground as is necessary for a rejoinder. 'From Autonomous Development to Dependent Modernization …' badly misrepresents some of my observations, essentially denies some of the statements made by Hansen and the Schneiders in their initial essay, injects new elements into the discussion, and is replete with ad hominem arguments. I will do my best to set the record straight.

In a recent article in this journal, Peter Schneider, Jane Schneider and Edward Hansen (1972) examine the role of regional elites and noncorporate groups in the European Mediterranean and proceed to elaborate a model that should allow us to understand more clearly the dynamics of social and economic change in underdeveloped peripheral regions. The two areas which they have selected for detailed consideration, and which consequently form the empirical basis for a model of broader applicability, are Western Sicily and Catalonia. Sicily I know only from the literature, but my impression is that it can more realistically be regarded as an underdeveloped peripheral region with the structural attributes described and analyzed by the authors. Catalonia, though, is a different matter, and it is to the Catalan case that I will be addressing myself.

This essay can best be considered an anthropological venture in the field of recent and contemporary Spanish historiography. Our aim is twofold: an understanding of the nature of Spanish historical interpretation as it is elaborated by national historians; the examination of certain phases of intercultural contact critical in the formation of a distinct Spanish cultural form.