Suchergebnisse

Institutional elites within society's 3 sectors, ie, the corporate, the governmental, & the public interest, are defined: (1) (corporate) individuals occupying formal positions of authority in institutions controlling roughly over half of the nation's total corporate assets, (2) (governmental) individuals in formal authority positions in the major civilian & military bureaucracies of national government, & (3) (public interest) individuals in authority positions in prestigious private U's, philanthropic foundations, law firms, & civic & cultural organizations. Individuals within these diverse elite groups are characterized with respect to their specializations, biographical records of previous experience in prestigious authority positions, social characteristics including age, sex, education, & urbanity, & avenues taken in the rise to the top. Differentiation & convergence of these factors between elite-types are described. 4 Tables, Appendix. C. Grindle.

Top instit'al leadership in both the public & private sectors of US society--industry, COMM, banking, law, civic & cultural affairs, gov, educ, the military, etc--is examined. The purpose is to: (a) develop a systematic definition of a nat'l, instit'al elite; (b) measure the concentration of authority in top instit'al positions; (c) examine the extent of interlocking & specialization among instit'l elites & describe the pattern of recruitment to top instit'al positions. "Elite" is defined as "those individuals in the US who occupy formal positions of authority in those instit's which control over half the nation's total resources." These instit's are identified & listed & it is found that 4,100 individuals control roughly half of the nation's resources by occupying 5,400 positions of formal authority in 12 sectors of society. 40% of the positions are interlocked & 20% of the individuals hold more than 1 position, while some individuals hold 3 or more positions. Examples of "multiple interlockers" are: David Rockefeller, Cyrus R. Vance; Henry Ford, II. 21 such multiple interlockers were found to comprise the top power elite group in 1970. Next, the interlock patterns are examined. Control of personal wealth is found clearly linked with occupancy of top positions in the leading instit's of US society. Top position-holders were found to hold multiple positions of authority over time (10.7 average for the top 21). Biographical information shows that there are many diff paths to authority. However, corporate industry supplied a disproportionate share of top leadership in every sector except law, gov & the military. In conclusion, power is found to be concentrated in an elite in the US in 1970. There is evidence of polyarchy & there is both concentration & specialization in the nation's instit'al elite structure. 5 Tables. M. Maxfield.