Suchergebnisse

This is a conference paper. ; The Government of Malawi has launched a National Hand Washing Campaign in order to coordinate and intensify efforts on hand washing promotion. However, much of the reported data on actual hand washing practice is unreliable and scanty as it often relies on responses to questionnaires which may not reflect actual practice. This study collected qualitative information on hand washing practice in a few selected villages in rural Malawi to help qualify estimates of hand washing practice from quantitative information collected in national surveys. The findings of the study revealed that hand washing occurs regularly in 50% of households with hand washing facilities. The presence of a hand washing facility alone did not predict hand washing practice unless it is filled with water. Hence a better proxy indicator for assessing hand washing practice in Malawi is observing for households with water in their hand washing facility.

This is a conference paper. ; This paper describes a successful sanitation marketing project implemented by Government of Zambia and UNICEF that is part of a larger sanitation programme in rural Zambia. The aim of the sanitation marketing component is to build the capacity of the private sector, such as individual artisans, to provide sanitation services that fulfil a need for stronger, longer lasting toilets at affordable prices, particularly in areas with sandy/waterlogged soils. Innovation has centered on developing substructure designs that use locally available materials keeping the costs as low as possible in order to reach a larger market segment. Introduction of large heavy mass produced products is often limited due to high transport costs for sparsely populated rural areas. At time of writing 291 "entrepreneurs" have been trained and around half have been confirmed active achieving over 1,300 sales to households and institution.