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This article deals with the design and effects of state-centred strategies over a specific border area. Nationalist ideologies, culture, identity and persistence of historical facts are considered altogether in the case study of transborder relationships across a part of the Spanish-Portuguese boundary. Special attention is paid to political discourses and claims for recognition of transborder cultural feature and identity. As a matter of fact, the border's opening processes underwent in Europe and in other regional contexts around the world show clearly the permanence of nationalist and state-centred ways of understanding the world. Nationalism is reproduced by institutions and individuals through the consideration of cultural ties and differences across borders. Meanwhile, the globalising context in which we live makes necessary the assertion of multiple territorial and non-territorial identifications capable of overcoming the modern political framework based on states and boundaries. Adapted from the source document.