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PINSON, Daniel. Ecochard, La Corse and the Environment The 1971 planning plan, from sea to mountain. African and Mediterranean Journal of Architecture and Urbanism, [S.l.], july 2020. ISSN 2665-7953. Available at the following address: https://revues.imist.ma/index.php/AMJAU/article/view/19206/11740 architect Michel Ecochard (1905-1985) is known for his work in the Middle East and Africa, in particular in Morocco, as Director of Protectorate Planning. Forced to leave the country shortly before his independence (1955), he will obtain some orders in France, in particular the development plan for Corsica. Taking into account the environmental thickness of an island whose state wants to develop the coastline in favour of tourism, it endeavours to demonstrate, through its study of the scheme, the sea-mountainous unit characterising an area whose societal, heritage and natural wealth is likely to be compromised. Ecochard will not succeed in securing recognition by the corse community of a document considered above all, although it is an attempt to resist 'all tourism', as an emanation of central government. The overbidding of independence will only increase this interpretation. However, this scheme contributes to a completely new environmental awareness in the field of development. ; International audience ; PINSON, Daniel. Ecochard, La Corse and the Environment The 1971 planning plan, from sea to mountain. African and Mediterranean Journal of Architecture and Urbanism, [S.l.], july 2020. ISSN 2665-7953. Available at the following address: https://revues.imist.ma/index.php/AMJAU/article/view/19206/11740 architect Michel Ecochard (1905-1985) is known for his work in the Middle East and Africa, in particular in Morocco, as Director of Protectorate Planning. Forced to leave the country shortly before his independence (1955), he will obtain some orders in France, in particular the development plan for Corsica. Taking into account the environmental thickness of an island whose state wants to develop the coastline in favour ...

The architect Michel Ecochard (1905-1985) is known for his work in the Middle East and Africa, in particular in Morocco, as director of protection planning. Forced to leave the country shortly before his independence (1955), he will obtain some orders in France, in particular the development plan for Corsica. Taking into account the environmental thickness of an island whose state wants to develop the coastline in favour of tourism, it endeavours to demonstrate, through its study of the scheme, the sea-mountainous unit characterising an area whose societal, heritage and natural wealth is likely to be compromised. Ecochard will not succeed in securing recognition by the corse community of a document considered above all, although it is an attempt to resist 'all tourism', as an emanation of central government. The overbidding of independence will only increase this interpretation. However, this scheme contributes to a completely new environmental awareness in the field of development. ; L'architecte Michel Ecochard (1905-1985) est connu pour ses travaux au Moyen-Orient et en Afrique, notamment au Maroc, comme directeur de l'urbanisme du protectorat. Contraint de quitter ce pays peu avant son indépendance (1955), il obtiendra quelques commandes en France et notamment celle du schéma d'aménagement de la Corse. Prenant la mesure de l'épaisseur environnementale d'une l'île dont l'Etat veut aménager le littoral au profit du tourisme, il s'attache à démontrer, à travers son étude du schéma, l'unité mer-montagne caractérisant un territoire dont la richesse sociétale, patrimoniale et naturelle risque d'être compromise. Ecochard ne parviendra pas à faire reconnaître par la communauté corse un document considéré avant tout, bien qu'il soit une tentative de résistance au « tout tourisme », comme une émanation du pouvoir central. La surenchère des indépendantistes ne fera qu'accroître cette interprétation. Et pourtant ce schéma participe d'une prise de conscience environnementale tout à fait nouvelle dans le champ de ...

La croissance urbaine a été accompagnée par celle des chiffres qui la mesurent et par l'abondance des discours et des paroles de ceux (et sur ceux), acteurs ou simples habitants, qui font, gouvernent et vivent les villes. En contraste, la connaissance des formes urbaines, de ce qui y est consommé et comment, et surtout de leur matérialité, de leur configuration d'objet, d'artefact matériel, semble moins saisissable, moins objectivable scientifiquement, et a moins retenu l'attention de la sociologie académique. L'observation et la description, plus familières à l'ethnologie, rendent souvent mieux compte de ces formes. Comme modalité graphique de la description, le relevé ethno-architectural constitue un outil, efficace et potentiellement fécond, de représentation de cette matérialité, mais aussi d'interprétation de ses interactions avec les pratiques et les représentations des habitants. Ses techniques de production et son apport à l'investigation, provenant de recherches menées sur la maison et ses territoires, constitueront la matière du présent article.

International audience ; Urbanism has long remained the business of the Prince or Pope (Sixtus V) and the architect the one who gave concrete form to the design of politics. In a way, "urbanism before the letter" (as Pierre Merlin says, for the word was born only in 1910), is a new domain derived from architecture. The construction of buildings has long been a practice that determines the practice of public space, of the street, the prerogative of "architect-voyers". Public space does not yet have this complexity which will later include it in civil engineering. Urbanism will then assume a different form, that the only "urban composition", with the growth hitherto unknown of the industrial city, can no longer satisfy to meet the new demands of the urban space, in particular the need for hygiene. Architecture and technology will thus be complemented by moral, social and medical values. So those who are interested in the city, who will contribute to the foundation of modern urbanism, will defend a pluridisciplinarity contrary to the movement of specialization of domains engaged in the nineteenth century. ; L'urbanisme est longtemps resté l'affaire du Prince ou du pape (Sixte-Quint) et l'architecte celui qui donnait figure concrète au dessein du politique. D'une certaine manière, l' « urbanisme avant la lettre » (comme dit Pierre Merlin, car le mot ne naît qu'en 1910), est un nouveau domaine dérivé de l'architecture. La construction des édifices reste longtemps une pratique qui détermine celle de l'espace public, de la rue, prérogative des « architectes-voyers ». L'espace public n'a pas encore cette complexité qui l'inscrira plus tard dans l'ingénierie civile. L'urbanisme prendra alors une autre consistance, que la seule « composition urbaine », avec la croissance inconnue jusque-là de la ville industrielle, ne peut plus satisfaire pour répondre aux exigences nouvelles de l'espace urbain, en particulier la nécessité d'hygiène. Architecture et technique viaires seront ainsi compénétrées de valeurs morales, sociales ...

International audience ; Urbanism has long remained the business of the Prince or Pope (Sixtus V) and the architect the one who gave concrete form to the design of politics. In a way, "urbanism before the letter" (as Pierre Merlin says, for the word was born only in 1910), is a new domain derived from architecture. The construction of buildings has long been a practice that determines the practice of public space, of the street, the prerogative of "architect-voyers". Public space does not yet have this complexity which will later include it in civil engineering. Urbanism will then assume a different form, that the only "urban composition", with the growth hitherto unknown of the industrial city, can no longer satisfy to meet the new demands of the urban space, in particular the need for hygiene. Architecture and technology will thus be complemented by moral, social and medical values. So those who are interested in the city, who will contribute to the foundation of modern urbanism, will defend a pluridisciplinarity contrary to the movement of specialization of domains engaged in the nineteenth century. ; L'urbanisme est longtemps resté l'affaire du Prince ou du pape (Sixte-Quint) et l'architecte celui qui donnait figure concrète au dessein du politique. D'une certaine manière, l' « urbanisme avant la lettre » (comme dit Pierre Merlin, car le mot ne naît qu'en 1910), est un nouveau domaine dérivé de l'architecture. La construction des édifices reste longtemps une pratique qui détermine celle de l'espace public, de la rue, prérogative des « architectes-voyers ». L'espace public n'a pas encore cette complexité qui l'inscrira plus tard dans l'ingénierie civile. L'urbanisme prendra alors une autre consistance, que la seule « composition urbaine », avec la croissance inconnue jusque-là de la ville industrielle, ne peut plus satisfaire pour répondre aux exigences nouvelles de l'espace urbain, en particulier la nécessité d'hygiène. Architecture et technique viaires seront ainsi compénétrées de valeurs morales, sociales et médicales. Aussi ceux qui s'intéressent à la ville, qui vont contribuer à la fondation de l'urbanisme moderne, vont défendre une pluridisciplinarité à contrecourant du mouvement de spécialisation des domaines engagé au XIXe siècle.

International audience ; Urbanism has long remained the business of the Prince or Pope (Sixtus V) and the architect the one who gave concrete form to the design of politics. In a way, "urbanism before the letter" (as Pierre Merlin says, for the word was born only in 1910), is a new domain derived from architecture. The construction of buildings has long been a practice that determines the practice of public space, of the street, the prerogative of "architect-voyers". Public space does not yet have this complexity which will later include it in civil engineering. Urbanism will then assume a different form, that the only "urban composition", with the growth hitherto unknown of the industrial city, can no longer satisfy to meet the new demands of the urban space, in particular the need for hygiene. Architecture and technology will thus be complemented by moral, social and medical values. So those who are interested in the city, who will contribute to the foundation of modern urbanism, will defend a pluridisciplinarity contrary to the movement of specialization of domains engaged in the nineteenth century. ; L'urbanisme est longtemps resté l'affaire du Prince ou du pape (Sixte-Quint) et l'architecte celui qui donnait figure concrète au dessein du politique. D'une certaine manière, l' « urbanisme avant la lettre » (comme dit Pierre Merlin, car le mot ne naît qu'en 1910), est un nouveau domaine dérivé de l'architecture. La construction des édifices reste longtemps une pratique qui détermine celle de l'espace public, de la rue, prérogative des « architectes-voyers ». L'espace public n'a pas encore cette complexité qui l'inscrira plus tard dans l'ingénierie civile. L'urbanisme prendra alors une autre consistance, que la seule « composition urbaine », avec la croissance inconnue jusque-là de la ville industrielle, ne peut plus satisfaire pour répondre aux exigences nouvelles de l'espace urbain, en particulier la nécessité d'hygiène. Architecture et technique viaires seront ainsi compénétrées de valeurs morales, sociales ...

In this paper, we will seize the opportunity to study the « villa » of the suburban areas between Aix and Marseilles in order to show the tenuous character of its bonds to the city. Its installation at a certain distance from the city results from a residential choice made even more viable by increased mobility. But this apparently isolated house is more closely connected to the city than ever before. The world penetrates this space in a virtual manner, which renders it ever more present to residents. Furthermore, this virtuality offers a distance that allows them to realize their relationship to the world in a more voluntary manner. But, in order to do this, it is necessary for them to insure the transportation of the body which will access these destinations, for some imposed and for other chosen, only at the price of a self-mobility that is unequally available. These variable scale spaces are constructed through these exchanges between sub-domestic and sub-metropolitan and show the intensity of the bonds between the house and dense urban places. The high frequency of visits to these urban areas shows that the city is also, in fact, a great house.