Search results

When first published in 2008, The New Peasantries revolutionized our ways of thinking of what constitutes the peasantry and repeasantization. It showed how a new era of empire and globalization was creating new forms of peasantry. The original book has been used in several international postgraduate courses. The experience and feedback thus obtained has been used to simplify the structure of the book and make it more accessible as a textbook for students. This new edition is thoroughly revised, with a reorganization of chapters and several new chapters added. It includes a new chapter on China, based on the author's extensive fieldwork there, and much more information on Brazil. It integrates and critically reviews the many publications on peasants, peasantries and peasant modes of agricultural production published in recent years. The theoretical discussion is enriched with more attention to the seminal work of Chayanov. Greater attention is also paid to the construction of new markets - a theme that will remain a major issue in the coming decade. It combines and integrates different bodies of literature: the rich traditions of peasant studies, development and rural sociology, neo-institutional economics and debates on empire and globalization.

AbstractIn this article two different patterns of farming logic are analysed. Farming consists in practice of a range of different tasks coordinated in a coherent way and, at the same time, oriented towards the specific goals of the farmer. This coordination and goal‐orientation are structured by a logical pattern. Contrary to familiar presuppositions, it can be demonstrated that within one homogeneous environment, different patterns of farming logic are used, resulting in contrasting styles of farming. Special attention is given to the structural patterns of dependency and autonomy (reflected in specific schemes of reproduction) that link farming to the economic‐institutional environment. Statistical analysis of data from North Italian dairy farming shows some interesting linkages between patterns of farming logic and the dependency on the external environment.RésuméCet article étudie deux modèles differents de logique agricole. Le travail agricole comprend en effet toute une série de tâches qui doivent être organisées de manière cohérente, en fonction des buts particuliers que ľagriculteur se fixe: cette coordination et cetteorientation des activités sont structurées par un modèle logique. Mais, en dépit des présuppositions habituelles, différents modèles de logique agricole peuvent se développer dans un même contexte et donner lieu à des styles tout à fait différents ?agriculture. Ľarticle détaille particulièrement les modèles structuraux ?autonomie et de dépendance, modèles qui concernent les liaisons de ľactivité agricole àľenvironnement économique et social, et qui se traduisent par des modes spécifiques de reproduction. Une analyse statistique de données concernant des fermes laitières dans le Nord de ľltalie montre effectivement des relations significatives entre les modèles logiques régissant ľactivité agricole et cette relation àľenvironnement socio‐économique.KurzfassungIn diesem Artikel werden zwei unterschiedliche logische Modelle der Landbewirtschaftung analysiert. Landwirtschaft als Praxis beinhaltet verschiedene Aufgaben, die in einer kohärenten Art und Weise koordiniert und gleichzeitig auf ein bcstimmtes Ziel hin, daß der Landwirt erreichen möchte, ausgerichtet werden müssen. Diese Koordination und Zielorientierung sind durch ein logisches ModellvorstrukturienJm Gegensatzzu gängigen Annahmen kann jedoch gezeigt werden, daß bei gleichen Umweltbedingungen in der Landwirtschaft unterschiedliche logische Modelle benutzt werden, die jeweils unterschiedliche Bewirtschaftungsweisen zur Folge haben. Besondere Aufmerksamkeit wird den Strukturmerkmalen der Abhängigkeit und Selbstbestimmung geschenkt (betrachcet nach spezifischen Formen der Reproduktion), die die Landwirtschaft mit der wirtschaftlich‐institutionellen Umwelt verbinden. Die statistische Analyse von Daten norditalienischer Milchviehbetriebe zeigt einige interessante Beziehungen zwischen den logischen Modellen der Landbewirtschaftung und dieser Abhängigkeit von der äußeren Umgebung.

1. The construction of new, nested markets and the role of rural development policies : some introductory notes / Paul Hebinck, Sergio Schneider and Jan Douwe van der Ploeg -- 2. Newly emerging, nested markets : a theoretical introduction / Jan Douwe van der Ploeg -- 3. The visible hand in building new markets for rural economies / Pierluigi Milone and Flamina Ventura -- 4. Family farming, institutional markets and innovations in public policy : food and nutritional security as a driver for governmental intervention / Claudia Schmitt, Renato Maluf and Walter Belik -- 5. Participatory systems of certification and alternative marketing networks: the case of the Ecovida Agroecology Network in South Brazil / Guilherme Radomsky, Paulo Niederle and Sergio Schneider -- 6. The construction of new nested markets and rural development in China / Huifang Wu, Baoyin Ding and Ye Jingzhong -- 7. Rural governance and the unfolding of nested markets in Europe / Henk Oostindie en Rudolf van Broekhuizeb -- 8. Smallholder irrigators and fresh produce street traders in Thohoyandou, Limpopo Province, South Africa / Kgabo Manyelo, Wim van Averbeke and Paul Hebinck -- 9. Beyond land transfers : the dynamics of socially driven markets emerging from Zimbabwe's fast track land reform programme / Prosper Matondi and Sheila Chikulo -- 10. In the shadow of global markets for fish in Lake Victoria, Tanzania / Modesta Medar, Paul Hebinck and Han van Dijk -- 11. Reconsidering the contribution of nested markets to rural development / Sergio Schneider, Jan Douwe van der Ploeg and Paul Hebinck.

International audience ; This paper provides an analysis of knowledge generation and 'novelty production' into new social arrangements within a sociotechnical transition scenario. The purpose is to contribute to the debate about convergences between creativity, learning and collective action for enhancing the sustainability into agriculture. By raising a Multilevel, Multi-actor and Multi-aspect analytic framework, built with elements from Multilevel Perspective and Actor Oriented Approach, we have examined emerging 'novelties' generated by family farmers who have been producing medicinal plants under ecological systems in the Southern of Brazil. This production system was considered as a novelty, being composed by a 'web of novelties', i.e. as integrated whole of new techniques and social practices that are at odds with prevalent sociotechnical regime. The 'novelty production' depends on dynamic learning processes, related to knowledge contextualization, enabled through the mobilization of social networks, crucial for creating opportunities to bring together different bodies of knowledge. Farmers and other actors are creating spaces of autonomy in which we recognized some characteristics of 'niche of innovation', a social space where rules and institutional apparatus can be ignored; it is a privileged locus for innovativity. Otherwise there are difficulties in stabilizing specific networks around 'medicinal plants', in this way it will be necessary to create political and social conditions in order to involve actors from several domains, like researchers, extensionists, consumers and policy makers. Farmers in seeking autonomy are renewing the agriculture as an activity rooted locally and contributing to generate potential transitions to prevalent sociotechnical regime.

International audience ; This paper provides an analysis of knowledge generation and 'novelty production' into new social arrangements within a sociotechnical transition scenario. The purpose is to contribute to the debate about convergences between creativity, learning and collective action for enhancing the sustainability into agriculture. By raising a Multilevel, Multi-actor and Multi-aspect analytic framework, built with elements from Multilevel Perspective and Actor Oriented Approach, we have examined emerging 'novelties' generated by family farmers who have been producing medicinal plants under ecological systems in the Southern of Brazil. This production system was considered as a novelty, being composed by a 'web of novelties', i.e. as integrated whole of new techniques and social practices that are at odds with prevalent sociotechnical regime. The 'novelty production' depends on dynamic learning processes, related to knowledge contextualization, enabled through the mobilization of social networks, crucial for creating opportunities to bring together different bodies of knowledge. Farmers and other actors are creating spaces of autonomy in which we recognized some characteristics of 'niche of innovation', a social space where rules and institutional apparatus can be ignored; it is a privileged locus for innovativity. Otherwise there are difficulties in stabilizing specific networks around 'medicinal plants', in this way it will be necessary to create political and social conditions in order to involve actors from several domains, like researchers, extensionists, consumers and policy makers. Farmers in seeking autonomy are renewing the agriculture as an activity rooted locally and contributing to generate potential transitions to prevalent sociotechnical regime.