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Two trends are present in both the private and public domain: increasing interorganisational co-operation and increasing digitisation. Nowadays, more and more processes within and between organisations take place electronically. These developments are visible on local, national and European scale. Research, strategy and policy often focus on the technological issues, whereas the organisational issues are complex and important as well. These issues prove to be difficult on a local scale and barely manageable on national and European scales, because the number of parties increases greatly and because of differences in culture, legislation and IT infrastructure. We introduce the theoretical framework of Chain-computerisation that explains large-scale chain co-operation as an answer to a dominant chain problem. Identity fraud proves to be the dominant chain problem in many chain co-operation situations. Therefore, our main research question is: what is a successful information strategy to combat identity fraud in the large-scale processes that constitute the public domain? Next, we demonstrate the problem of identity fraud using the example of the Dutch criminal justice chain, showing that a certain chain communication system enables to stop identity fraud using forensic biometrics. The second example is about healthcare. In the Netherlands, the government is introducing a national system of medical information exchange based on the national personal number as the sole identifier for recognition and linking. We show that people sometimes have interest in using somebody else's number, to be treated in cases (s)he is not insured. This identity fraud can contaminate medical records on a national scale. We ponder about infrastructural elements that enable international exchange of medical information on a European scale and ask ourselves which additional safeguards will be necessary on this enormous scale. The examples are taken from our chain analysis programme that has an exploratory, empirical character. A chain ...

In recent years, Web 2.0 and social media were such an enormous hype, that today the popularity of these terms seems to be declining already. However, scientists and practitioners in (e)Goverment are still bothered by important questions, like: what is Web 2.0 and should we do something with it? In this paper, we give an extensive description of what Web 2.0 entails and to what degree it is really something 'new'. Consequently, we analyse the critical preconditions and main outcomes of working with Web 2.0 in governmental organisations. We base our analysis on a worldwide study of real-life cases, which resulted in the discovery of four relevant cases. In these cases we found four critical preconditions for working with Web 2.0, namely: technology, cultural change, training of staff and room for experimentation. Similarly, we found three main outcomes of working with Web 2.0: the 'New World of Work', the relationship with the outside world and the added value of social media. We conclude that Web 2.0 has arrived at a critical point in its development cycle and that, now the time of the hype is over, its true added value needs to surface or the concept and its advocates will slowly fade away.

The purpose of this paper is to create a model that describes the development of interorganisational collaboration in government networks that apply eGovernment. Contrary to several models that describe eGovernment from a government-to-citizen perspective, and primarily emphasise on the front office of eGovernment services, this paper focuses on the collaboration that takes place in the back office to enable successful eGovernment services. A maturity model was developed to describe and assess the level of interorganisational collaboration in government networks that apply eGovernment. Through a structured literature review, 19 existing maturity models related to interorganisational collaboration and eGovernment were identified. These models were subsequently analysed on their dimensions and on the stages that were used to define maturity. Furthermore, the authors of this paper studied the characteristics of each stage and the preconditions for increasing maturity. Based on this literature review and their analysis, the authors propose a new maturity model in which existing concepts are integrated and extended from a network perspective. This model describes the levels of interorganisational collaboration in government networks on three dimensions: system, information and process. Five levels of increasing interconnectedness describe how the interorganisational collaboration in government networks unfolds across these three dimensions. The model is empirically applied through case studies of three government networks. Medium- to large-sized networks of municipalities and their cooperating partners that apply eGovernment services in their permit application procedure have been studied. The model appears to be suitable for assessing the development of interorganisational collaboration among government networks that implement eGovernment in their service provisioning. Further research could focus on the use of this model in order to analyse additional growth strategies, aiming to create successful roadmaps.