Suchergebnisse

Nowadays there are two perspectives on the COVID-19 pandemic: it has become a threat to sustainable economic development and the pharmaceutical industry has turned out to be its main beneficiary. The purpose of this article is to empirically verify the correctness of these statements. The data sample consists of 1771 enterprises of Russian pharmaceutical industry over a 14-year period. The methods used consisted of positioning maps and pairwise comparison of the financial indicators for 2020 with the two most severe crises in the Russian economy (2009 and 2015), as well as with the period of the most sustainable development (2007) and the legacy year (2019). In order to assess the uniformity of the pandemic impact on the industry, we identified analytical groups based on the scale of enterprises and life cycle stages. The main result is to reveal the uneven pandemic impact on the sustainable development of pharmaceutical industry producers. Small young companies were the main beneficiaries of the pandemic. The micro-enterprises in the pharmaceutical industry were the most severely affected. However, the analysis has shown that the pandemic was not the main cause of their instability. In addition, the study as a whole proves the presence of a certain stress resistance of domestic pharmaceutical producers to crises of various nature.

InnoThe article examines the specifics of innovative activity of Russian drug manufacturers, which in the context of a COVID-19 pandemic become a matter of national security. The research is based on panel data: out of a total of 1,816 enterprises in the industry, a sample of 345 innovatively active enterprises is formed with a time series of data 20 years long. The sample is diversified by the scale of enterprise activity into 4 groups: micro enterprises, small, medium, and large enterprises. These types of enterprises are compared both in absolute terms — size of investments in intangible assets, age, and in relative ones — frequency of investments in innovations, coefficient of autonomy, profitability of sales and assets, share of intangible assets in revenue and assets. The analysis was supplemented by enterprises not included in the sample to identify the effectiveness of innovation in the industry. The result is the innovative profile of industrial enterprises in the context of the scale of their activities. The conclusion is drawn about the specifics of the domestic pharmaceutical industry innovation activity, which generally coincides with the established distribution of roles in the global pharmaceutical industry, when large enterprises are leaders in the innovations development and implementation. Russian large companies also tend to use micro enterprises to implement risky projects. The authors conclude that in Russia, the foundations have been formed for transition to a new model of pharmaceutical industry innovative development. This model is based on cooperation of small and large businesses.

Despite the relative «youth» of hypercompetition theory, a lot of research has been carried out currently. But most of them study hypercompetition threats from the perspective of transnational companies. We estimate that enterprises of all sizes, including small ones, are exposed to this threat, because hypercompetition reduces the life cycle of competitive advantage, and thus constantly changes the positions of market players. The study determines to what extent the hypercompetition drivers are manifested in the Russian economy, in which industries and regions the small industries are subject to its threats the most. We have classified small enterprises of manufacturing industries to «small industry» as prevailing in small industrial structure. The paper revealed that the Russian economy has already shown the driving forces of hypercompetition and sectoral and regional differentiation. This conclusion is based on the analysis of changes in conditions and rules of competition. Therefore, the challenge was to develop a research method to assess small industry resistance to hypercompetition threats in the regions. The method has allowed to assess 47 Russian regions according to three criteria: the degree of hypercompetition threat; potential growth and importance of small industry for the regional development; open innovations availability for small industries as an effective method for increasing hypercompetition resistance. The integrated results of these assessments made it possible to identify 11 regions: the Republic of Mordovia, Chuvash Republic, Sverdlovsk region, Tula region, Krasnoyarsk region, Chelyabinsk region, Vladimir region, Lipetsk region, Penza region, Republic of Mari El, Ryazan region. These are the areas where, on the one hand, threats of hypercompetition for primary branches of the small industry are rather big. However, on the other hand, small industry has a high development potential even in hypercompetition through open innovation. © 2018 Institute of Economics Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. ; Проанализированы движущие силы гиперконкуренции. Выявлены регионы с высокой резистентностью малой промышленности к угрозам гиперконкуренции на базе модели открытых инноваций. Доказано, что для малых промышленных предприятий источником инновационных решений должны стать открытые инновации. ; The article has been supported by the Government of the Russian Federation (the resolution No 211 from 3.16.2013), the agreement No. 02.A03.21.0011).