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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to reflect on the persistence of vertical segregation in the European labour market, suggesting an interpretation of the phenomenon (and a consequent basis for intervention) based on the concept of gender practice.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is theoretical in nature. It consists of a brief survey of the main explanations proposed in the literature and of the approaches most frequently used to counteract vertical gender segregation. It then focuses on a practice‐based approach.FindingsThe paper describes the opportunities offered by an approach based on an interpretation of gender as practice.Originality/valueThe paper intends to provide the debate on gender and management with insights derived from adoption of an interpretative perspective emergent from both the theoretical point of view and that of managerial action and policy.

In the past century the presence of women in the 'public sphere' has increased considerably as a result of, amongst other things, the rapid increase in their levels of schooling, professional competences and labour market participation. Much more limited and slower, by contrast, has been the entry of women into the centres of decision-making and power. This makes necessary a reflection on gender citizenship in political arenas, which are precisely those in which actions to sensitize and change the broader social context should be undertaken. The paper presents some findings of a qualitative research which gathered the narratives of men and women -belonging to different Italian political alignments and occupying different positions and roles- relative to their political career paths and the discourses with which they accounted for female under representation. The analysis of the collected texts allowed to shed light to on the discursive practices, symbols, meanings and sexed images with which the symbolic gender order is created and reproduced. Particularly highlighted are the gender positioning performed through the narratives and the tendency to cast women in the role of the 'Other' with respect to the political system ; Durante el siglo pasado la presencia de la mujer en la "esfera pública" se incrementó considerablemente gracias, entre otras cosas, al rápido ascenso de sus niveles de escolarización, competencias profesionales y participación en el mercado de trabajo. Mucho más lento y limitado, en contraste, ha sido el acceso de la mujer a los puestos ejecutivos y de decisión. Eso nos lleva a una necesaria reflexión sobre la ciudadanía de género en política, necesaria precisamente en cada acción que se ha de emprender para sensibilizar y cambiar el amplio contexto social. El texto presenta algunos resultados de investigación cualitativa que reunió a las narrativas de hombre y mujeres -pertenecientes a diferentes alineamientos políticos italianos y ocupando diferentes posiciones y roles- en relación con su carrera política y los discursos dirigidos a las mujeres de menor representación. El análisis de los textos recogidos permite arrojar luz sobre las políticas discursivas, símbolos, imágenes y significados sexuales

In the past century the presence of women in the "public sphere" has increased considerably as a result of, amongst other things, the rapid increase in their levels of schooling, professional competences and labour market participation. Much more limited and slower, by contrast, has been the entry of women into the centers of decision-making and power.This paper proposes reflection on gender citizenship in political arenas, which are precisely those in which action to sensitize and change the broader social context should be undertaken. In order to understand and change gender models in the political-institutional system, analysis is required of how gender is defined and constructed in the specific arenas in which the political careers of individuals are planned and promoted.The paper presents some findings of qualitative research which collected the narratives of men and women — belonging to different Italian political alignments and occupying different positions and roles — relative to their political career paths and the discourses with which they accounted for female under-representation. The analysis of the texts collected allowed light to be shed on the discursive practices, symbols, meanings and sexed images with which the symbolic gender order is created and reproduced. Highlighted in particular are the gender positioning performed through the narratives, and the tendency to cast women in the role of the "Other" with respect to the political system.Viewed from this perspective, political arenas are theatrical stages on which gendered knowledge is created and disseminated. It is evident in particular that the symbolic order of gender and the models of the discursive construction of gender characteristic of the cultures analyzed tend to reproduce an image of political activity as a male preserve, where otherness entails marginalization and/or subordination.

In the past century the presence of women in the "public sphere" has increased considerably as a result of, amongst other things, the rapid increase in their levels of schooling, professional competences, & labor market participation. Much more limited & slower, by contrast, has been the entry of women into the centers of decision-making & power. This paper proposes reflection on gender citizenship in political arenas, which are precisely those in which action to sensitize & change the broader social context should be undertaken. In order to understand & change gender models in the political-institutional system, analysis is required of how gender is defined & constructed in the specific arenas in which the political careers of individuals are planned & promoted. The paper presents some findings of qualitative research which collected the narratives of men & women -- belonging to different Italian political alignments & occupying different positions & roles -- relative to their political career paths & the discourses with which they accounted for female under-representation. The analysis of the texts collected allowed light to be shed on the discursive practices, symbols, meanings, & sexed images with which the symbolic gender order is created & reproduced. Highlighted in particular are the gender positioning performed through the narratives & the tendency to cast women in the role of the "Other" with respect to the political system. Viewed from this perspective, political arenas are theatrical stages on which gendered knowledge is created & disseminated. It is evident in particular that the symbolic order of gender & the models of the discursive construction of gender characteristic of the cultures analyzed tend to reproduce an image of political activity as a male preserve, where otherness entails marginalization &/or subordination. 31 References. Adapted from the source document.

In recent decades the western world has witnessed a huge increase in female labour market participation and training. Yet numerous studies report the persistence of inequalities and segregation between women and men in organizations. Analysis of the relationship between gender and organization needs to shift from numerical composition to more detailed examination of how gender is constructed in work contexts. This article discusses the results of a research study on men and women in mainly male-dominated organizations. It shows that gender is a cultural construction and is therefore produced and negotiated in different ways in different organizations. For this purpose, comparisons have been made of the symbolic order of gender of four organizational cultures characterized by profound differences in modes of production, workforce features and cultural traditions.

In recent decades the western world has witnessed a huge increase in female labour market participation and training. Yet numerous studies report the persistence of inequalities and segregation between women and men in organizations. Analysis of the relationship between gender and organization needs to shift from numerical composition to more detailed examination of how gender is constructed in work contexts. This article discusses the results of a research study on men and women in mainly male-dominated organizations. It shows that gender is a cultural construction and is therefore produced and negotiated in different ways in different organizations. For this purpose, comparisons have been made of the symbolic order of gender of four organizational cultures characterized by profound differences in modes of production, workforce features and cultural traditions. (Economic and Industrial Democracy / FUB)

This contribution is aimed at shedding light on how the concept of utopia is closely linked, both in terms of content and method, to the gender perspective and, more specifically, to feminist reflection. We do so by dwelling on some of the most influential voices that have contributed to the recent rediscovery of utopia as a sociological method and mobilizing force for critiquing and reacting to advanced capitalism and existing arrangements of gender relations.The article closes with some reflections on how utopian realism can enable us to overcome the fear of change in gender relations and counter the risk of "retrotopias".