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"Preface" -- "References" -- "Contents" -- "About the Author" -- "List of Contributors" -- "1: Historical Phenomenology: Understanding Experiences of Suicide and Suicidality Across Time" -- "1.1 Introduction" -- "1.2 Anthropology and Historical Phenomenology as Critical Perspectives on Contemporary Suicidology" -- "1.3 Historical Phenomenology" -- "1.4 Benjamin Haydon" -- "References" -- "2: Reflections of a Committed Suicidologist" -- "2.1 Exploring the Phenomenology of Suicide" -- "2.2 The Influence of Past Centuries" -- "2.3 Suicide: Symptom or Syndrome?" -- "2.4 Psychological Autopsy Studies" -- "2.5 Toward a Phenomenology of Suicide" -- "2.6 Conclusions" -- "2.6.1 Our Empathic Brain and Suicidal Individuals" -- "References" -- "3: A Phenomenological Approach to Suicidal Mental Life" -- "3.1 Despair as One Side of Suicidal Mental Life" -- "3.2 Jean Améry: Suicide as the 'Path to Freedom'" -- "3.3 The Other Side of Suicidal Mental Life: Suicide as Relief, Catharsis or Remedy" -- "3.4 The Two Sides of Suicidal Mental Life" -- "References" -- "4: Early-Life Adversity and Suicide Risk: The Role of Epigenetics" -- "4.1 Suicide and Its Association with Early-Life Adversity" -- "4.2 The Genome and Genomic Plasticity" -- "4.3 Epigenetic Mechanisms" -- "4.4 Early-Life Adversity and the Stress Response System" -- "4.5 Early-Life Adversity and the Serotonin System" -- "4.6 Genome-Wide Epigenetic Investigations" -- "References" -- "5: Terror and Horror: Feelings, Intersubjectivity and 'Understanding at the Edges' in an Interview on a Suicide Attempt" -- "5.1 Understanding More Fully" -- "5.2 Understanding Others and Otherness" -- "5.2.1 Communicating Our Depths" -- "5.3 Understanding at the Edges" -- "5.3.1 Terror" -- "5.3.2 Horror" -- "5.4 Reflections" -- "References

Intro -- EXPLORING THE PHENOMENON OF SUICIDE -- EXPLORING THE PHENOMENON OF SUICIDE -- CONTENTS -- Suicidology: A New Discipline for Preventing Suicide* -- The Fifties: Los Angeles Suicide Prevention Center -- Conclusion -- References -- Exploring the Phenomenology of Suicide* -- The Influence of Past Centuries -- Suicide: Symptom or Syndrome? -- Psychological Autopsy Studies -- Toward a Phenomenology of Suicide -- Conclusion -- References -- Acute Risk Factors for Suicide: Anxiety Severity as a Treatment Modifiable Risk Factor* -- Comorbid Anxiety Disorders or Anxious Depression as a Risk Factor for Suicide Attempts -- Therapeutic Implications -- Do Past Suicidal Tendencies Predict Acute Risk More Effectively Than Present Clinical State in Some Patients? -- Long Term Management of High Chronic Suicide Risk -- References -- Narcissistic Vulnerability to Suicide* -- Introduction -- Case Vignette -- Psychological Vulnerability -- Self-Esteem Dysregulation -- Case Vignette -- Case Vignette -- Emotional Dysregulation -- Interpersonal Dysregulation -- Suicidal Behavior in the Absence of Depression -- Clinical Implications -- Conclusion -- References -- Impulsiveness and Suicide Risk: A Literature Review* -- Introduction -- Materials and Methods -- Impulsiveness and Suicide Risk Assessment -- Impulsiveness and Suicide Risk in Children and Adolescents -- Impulsivity and Suicide Risk in Affective Disorders -- Serotonin, Impulsiveness and Suicide Risk -- Impulsiveness and Suicide Risk in Personality Disorders -- Impulsiveness and Suicide Risk in Alcohol-Dependent Patients -- Conclusion -- References -- The Role of Anger in the Risk of Suicide* -- Abstract -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Materials and Methods -- 3. Anger and Suicide Risk: Gender Implications -- 4. Anger and Suicide Risk in Adolescents -- 5. Anger and Suicide Risk: Genetic-Related Factors.

This book summarizes relevant data on suicide in countries belonging to different cultures and geographical areas. Specifically, the e-book discuses the relationship between suicide prevention agencies including government organizations; what the important issues are and what can be learned from different contests. Cultural aspects are highlighted to provide explanation for the different scenarios regarding suicide.

SMOKING AS A RISK FACTOR FOR SUICIDE -- SMOKING AS A RISK FACTOR FOR SUICIDE -- LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOGING-IN-PUBLICATION DATA -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- Chapter 1: THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION AND TOBACCO -- THE TOBACCO EPIDEMIC -- Gender, Age, and Tobacco Consumption -- TOBACCO AND HEALTH -- WHO POLICIES TO REVERSE THE TOBACCO EPIDEMIC -- Monitor Tobacco Use and Prevention Policies -- Protect People from Tobacco Smoke -- Offer Help to Quit Tobacco Use -- Warn About the Dangers of Tobacco -- Enforce Bans on Tobacco Advertising, Promotion and Sponsorship -- Raise Taxes on Tobacco

Intro -- Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data -- Dedication -- Contents -- Preface -- Introduction -- Chapter 1 -- Suicidology: A New Discipline for Preventing Suicide -- The Fifties: Los Angeles Suicide Prevention Center -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 2 -- Final Contribution to Suicidology -- Edwin S. Shneidman 1918 - 2009 Obituary by Maurizio Pompili, MD, PhD -- Chapter 3 -- A Good Death -- Chapter 4 -- Waiting for Death, Alone and Unafraid -- Chapter 5 -- Alan Apter -- Chapter 6 -- Reflections on Suicide Prevention: Challenges for Modern Psychiatry -- Acknowledgments -- Disclosures -- References -- Chapter 7 -- The Making of an Accidental Suicidologist -- Happenstance and Serendipity -- The Weasley Twins of Everyday Life -- Chapter 8 -- A Lifeguard at the Sea of Despair: Reflections on a Professional Career in Suicidology -- References -- Chapter 9 -- How I Came to Realize I'm a Suicidologist -- References -- Chapter 10 -- Therefore, Choose Life! -- References -- Chapter 11 -- Personal Experiences with the Profession of A Suicidologist -- How I became a suicidologist -- My Own Experiences -- Death in Venice -- Chapter 12 -- Eric D. Caine -- Chapter 13 -- Reflections on Suicidology -- References -- Chapter 14 -- Suicidology: If Neither a Science Nor a Discipline, Then What? -- Chapter 15 -- Suicide, Imitation and Modeling in Literature and the Opera -- References -- Chapter 16 -- The Critical Inner Voice that Drives Suicide -- References -- Chapter 17 -- Studying Suicidal Patients. Learning and Connection -- References -- Chapter 18 -- Reflections on Suicide Prevention -- References -- Chapter 19 -- Retaining Faith in Suicide Prevention: Suicidologist as Suicide Survivor -- References -- Chapter 20 -- Michael F. Grunebaum -- Chapter 21 -- The Accidental Suicidologist -- References -- Chapter 22

Abstract. Although the majority of the world's suicides occur in Asia, suicide and self-harm are major concerns in Europe as well. Suicide accounts for 1.4% of the total number of deaths in Europe, with rates highest among those aged over 70 and also high among those aged 45–59 years. Europe accounts for six of the top ten countries with the highest suicide rates internationally. Although rates of suicide attempts and self-harm are not consistently recorded, evidence from hospital-based studies and school-based surveys highlight their extent and scale. Numerous countries in Europe have developed national suicide prevention strategies and action plans. Some of the suicide prevention activities in Belgium, Estonia, Finland, Scotland, France, Germany, Romania, Russia, Sweden, Ukraine, and Italy are summarized. In the chapter we also highlight novel suicide prevention projects funded by the EU which have advanced our understanding of suicide risk and have developed the evidence base for what works to prevent suicide. Examples include the European Alliance Against Depression (EAAD), Saving and Empowering Young Lives in Europe (SEYLE), Suicide Prevention Through Internet and Media Based Mental Health Promotion (SUPREME), and Reduction of Suicides and Trespasses on Railway Property (RESTRAIL). Future challenges and opportunities for suicide prevention in Europe are also discussed.

This study addressed the issue of a possible link between single-car accident drivers and suicidal intent. In the international literature this topic has generated both positive and negative results. Some authors have stressed unconscious suicidal motivations in various single accidents. Nevertheless, refutation of such theory was demonstrated through experimental studies. We selected 30 single-car accident drivers who had been admitted to emergency departments and then hospitalized for an average period of 10 days. We administered the Reason for Living Inventory (RFL) and investigated their attitudes toward suicide. We also matched these patients with a control group of drivers who had never had a car accident. Results showed that single-car accident drivers were not exposed to a higher overall suicidal risk, though they reported a higher risk on the RFL Survival and Coping Beliefs subscale and often expressed tiredness of being alive. These patients had experienced more life events than controls. We conclude that, although suicide risk was low in our patients, they were engaged in looking for a solution to their problems in which the accident played a role in such a process. This behavior has some characteristics of the logic of suicidal individuals.

AbstractRecent research has provided strong support for the existence of a familial risk for suicide, and efforts have been made to separate genetic from enviromental risk factors. Twin studies have played a major role in the identification of genetic factors, and the results indicate that the concordance rate for suicide is higher in identical than in fraternal twins (Baldessarini & Hennen, 2004). Moreover, Segal and Roy (1995) reported a significantly higher frequency of nonfatal suicidal attempts by monozygotic (MZ) than by dyzygotic (DZ) twins whose co-twins had committed suicide. However, doubts remain as to whether the increased risk of suicide in MZ twins is a response to the intense grief over the loss of a close relative, or whether a common genotype is associated with suicidal behavior. Sudden loss, which may carry a stigma in the case of a suicide, has been linked to increased persistent emotional stress and physiological changes (Epstein, 1993; Martin & Dean, 1993). A number of researchers have reported greater suicidal ideation among bereaved MZ twins as compared to DZ twins, suggesting that a loss due to suicide may increase the risk of suicidal behavior in the surviving co-twin (Segal & Bouchard, 1993; Segal & Roy, 1995; Segal et al., 1995). The aim of the present article is to address the issue of the intense grief experienced by twins after the co-twin suicide.

Suicide is a major public health issue worldwide, with about 880,000 dying annually for such a cause. The COVID-19 pandemic has led to severe social disruption both from health and economic standpoints. Law enforcement personnel have been significantly involved in helping to face the many difficulties due to the pandemic. Police officers have been subjected to further stress from managing social restrictions imposed by governments to contain the pandemic. The Italian State Police steadily approximate 100,000 people aged 25–65 years: 14 subjects (mean age 43.64 years) died by suicide in 2015, 7 (mean age 47.5 years) in 2016, 13 (mean age 45.62 years) in 2017, 10 (mean age 48.1 years) in 2018, 18 (mean age 46.78 years) in 2019, and 12 (mean age 52 years) in 2020. Our records excluded significant changes in suicide incidence rate within 2015–2020 (till December 2020). However, the COVID-19 pandemic spread faster in Italy than in other regions, meaning that the Italian State Police possibly faced prolonged, intense stress. Suicide prevention, therefore, remains a priority, especially during this difficult time.