Suchergebnisse

In Russia a declared equality of women together with a general negative attitude toward feminism (which were instilled in the former USSR) coexist with the present indefinite federal policy with regard to women, with absence or inactivity of laws against women's discrimination and sexism in mass media. The study aimed at finding how the situation had influenced attitudes toward female social roles of Russian students in comparison with their USA peers. They rated 25 items of the questionnaire 'Attitude to Female Roles' by Slade and Jenner (1978). Differences in attitudes toward female roles in child care, status within marriage and age of retirement were discovered, with the Russian students being more traditionally oriented and the USA students demonstrating high agreement with each other and with profeminist values. The results are important as a base for work with Russian students targeted at changing their attitudes toward feminism, getting them aware of sexism and ways to withstand it.

The desires to live in another country or to emigrate from one's country of origin was examined in a sample of 3200 university students from Croatia, the Czech Republic, Poland, Russia, and Slovenia. All of these countries have been experiencing economic difficulties during their transition from socialist to market-driven economies. It was hypothesized that students who wanted to emigrate would score higher in Achievement and Power Motivation and would also show higher levels of Work Centrality and lower levels of Family Centrality than those who wanted to stay in their country of origin. Motive predictors were further expected to be most important for those with high Work Centrality. As predicted, high Work Centrality and low Family Centrality were found to differ for those who wanted to leave as compared to those who wished to remain in their country. The predicted interactions for motivation and Work Centrality were supported. Achievement Motive levels alone did not relate to emigration desires, but Power Motivation did differ for the two groups, as predicted.