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Cover -- Title -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- List of illustrations -- Foreword -- Preface and special dedication -- Acknowledgments -- About the author -- Introduction -- 01 Science, theory, and empirical investigation -- Introduction -- Science and theory -- The scientific method -- Elements of a theory -- Micro and macro theory -- Theory and underlying assumptions of human behavior -- Theory, science, and paradigms -- Summary -- 02 Pre-Enlightenment theories -- Introduction -- Theory -- Classical Greek and philosophical perspectives -- Pagan perspectives -- Christian and monotheistic perspectives -- Naturalistic perspectives -- The Enlightenment and the emergence of contemporary criminology -- The case of Abigail Williams: the 11-year-old witch -- Empirical support -- Remaining questions -- Policy -- Summary -- 03 Lombroso and early biological theories -- Introduction -- Theory -- Origins -- Recent developments -- The cases of Carrie Buck and Abdelmalek Bayout: the genetic basis of crime -- Empirical support -- Remaining questions -- Policy -- Summary -- 04 The city and social disorganization theories -- Introduction -- Theory -- Origins -- Recent developments -- The case of Rochester, New York: a great city with great problems -- Empirical support -- Remaining questions -- Policy -- Summary -- 05 Anomie and strain theories -- Introduction -- Theory -- Origins -- Recent developments -- The case of Tanya Mitchell: the stressed killer -- Empirical support -- Remaining questions -- Policy -- Summary -- 06 Differential association and social learning theories -- Introduction -- Theory -- Origins -- Recent developments -- The case of the Boston Marathon bombing: learning crime and terrorism -- Empirical support -- Remaining questions -- Policy -- Summary -- 07 Labeling and critical criminology -- Introduction -- Theory -- Origins

Cover -- CRIME TV -- Title -- Copyright -- CONTENTS -- Preface -- Introduction -- 1. "The Man Who Passes the Sentence Should Swing the Sword": Penal Utopias in Game of Thrones -- 2. 13 Reasons Why and the Importance of Social Bonds -- 3. Breaking Bad: Failure, Crime, and the Inability to Cope -- 4. "Insane Violence Has Meaning": Psychopathy and Abuse in The Fall -- 5. "These Violent Delights Have Violent Ends": Crime, Criminality, and the State in Westworld -- 6. Understanding The Handmaid's Tale: The Contribution of Radical Feminism -- 7. Cultural Criminology and Homeland -- 8. Follow the Money: Corporate Crime as Real Crime -- 9. "Let's Make This Show Happen, People": Black Mirror and Populist Punitiveness -- 10. The Walking Dead and Criminological Theory: Exploring the Impact of Radical Social Change on Crime through the Lens of a Zombie Apocalypse -- 11. Mr. Robot and Radical Criminology -- 12. What's in a Name?: Labeling Theory in Criminal Minds -- 13. Phrasing Deviance: Archer and Techniques of Neutralization -- 14. Fighting the (Invisible) Hand: Conflict Theory and Marvel's The Defenders -- 15. Masculinity and It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia -- 16. Race, Crime, and Justice in American Crime: A Criminological Analysis -- Acknowledgments -- Notes -- Bibliography -- About the Editors -- About the Contributors -- Index.

part, PART I Criminology's founders and their discontents -- chapter INTRODUCTION: WHAT IS THEORY AND WHY ARE THERE DEBATES? -- chapter 1 DEBATING AMONG CRIMINOLOGY'S FOUNDERS -- chapter 2 DOES CRIME ORIGINATE FROM THE PERSON OR THE ENVIRONMENT? SOCIOLOGICAL VS. PSYCHOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES -- part, PART II Great debates in the mid-to-late 20th century -- chapter 3 IS CRIME NATURAL OR DO WE LEARN IT? CONTROL AND CULTURAL DEVIANCE THEORIES -- chapter 4 DO WE NEED TO FOLLOW PEOPLE OVER TIME? CRIMINAL CAREERS VS. CRIMINAL PROPENSITY THEORIES -- chapter 5 WHO IS RIGHT? THEORY TESTING AND CONSTRUCTION IN CRIMINOLOGY -- chapter 6 BEYOND THE "SEMINAL TRIO": CRITICAL VS. TRADITIONAL AND CONSERVATIVE CRIMINOLOGY -- chapter 7 IS CRIMINOLOGY/CRIMINAL JUSTICE A TRUE DISCIPLINE? CRIMINAL JUSTICE, CRIMINOLOGY, AND THEIR EXISTENCE -- part, PART III Great debates in criminology methods and policy -- chapter 8 WHAT SHOULD WE DO ABOUT CRIME? DEBATES AROUND POLICY ISSUES IN CRIMINAL JUSTICE -- chapter 9 ARE WE STILL DEBATING? CONTEMPORARY AND EMERGING DEBATES.

"This book explores the role of theory and research in criminology. Adopting a unique and refreshing approach to criminological theory, this book focuses on the great debates in criminology from its inception as a field to the present day. It explores the debates that have motivated criminological thought, that have represented turning points in theoretical and empirical trajectories, that have offered mini-paradigm shifts, and that have moved the field forward. Coverage includes : - Classical Debates, including the work of Lombroso, Durkheim and Sutherland, - Sociological vs. psychological debates in criminology, - Control theory and cultural deviance theory, - Criminal career and trait-based theory, - Theory testing in criminology, - Critical theories in criminology, - Debates on the state of criminology and criminal justice, - Policy issues in criminology. Each chapter explores several key debates, summarizes key points, and offers a discussion of its current empirical status. This book is novel in emphasising the role of debate in criminology and offering an enlightening synthesis of theorists and their perspectives. It is essential reading for students taking courses on criminological theory and teachers of those theories. A companion website will include a sample syllabus, PowerPoint lecture slides, examples of assignments, and a test bank with sample exams for instructors, and video and website links, a glossary of important terms, audio content, and study guides for students"--

Frontmatter -- Contents -- List of Illustrations -- Preface to the Second Edition -- In Memoriam -- Authors' Note on the Second Edition -- Preface to the First Edition -- 1. Introduction: Crime, History, Science -- Part I. Biological Theories in the 19th Century -- 2. Moral Insanity and the Origins of Criminology -- 3. Phrenology: The Abnormal Brain -- 4. Criminal Anthropology: The Atavistic Brain -- 5. Evolutionary Theories: The Degenerate Brain -- Part II. Biological Theories in the 20th Century -- 6. Stupidity Theories: The Backward Brain -- 7. Constitutional Theory: Bodytypes and Criminality -- 8. Criminology's Darkest Hour: Biocriminology in Nazi Germany -- 9. An Unhappy Couple: Criminology and Biology in the Late 20th Century -- Part III. Biological Theories in the 21st Century -- 10. Becoming Partners: The Emergent Biosocial Model in Theory, Policy, and Practice -- 11. The Future of Biosocial Criminology -- Notes -- References -- Index -- About the Authors

Research consistently shows that minorities have less confidence in the police and perceive less procedural justice during encounters than Whites. This work generally concludes that the differences in perceptions by race are due to actual differences in attitudes, then proceeds to explore the origins of these differences. However, scholarly work has not yet explored the possibility that this finding is related to how members of different racial groups answer and interpret questions about the police; in other words, how measurement properties of scales may contribute to these differences. Using data from the National Police Research Platform's Police–Community Interaction Survey, we conduct analyses to assess the reliability and validity of two measures of attitudes toward the police and assess differential item functioning (DIF) by race using Rasch analysis. Our findings reveal that few items from the procedural justice scale indicated DIF. All other items comprising the confidence in the police and procedural justice scales exhibited no differential functioning by race, indicating that the historic finding of variation in attitudes toward police by race are likely due to real differences rather than measurement error.

A lively, up-to-date overview of the newest research in biosocial criminology. What is the relationship between criminality and biology? Nineteenth-century phrenologists insisted that criminality was innate, inherent in the offender's brain matter. While they were eventually repudiated as pseudo-scientists, today the pendulum has swung back. Both criminologists and biologists have begun to speak of a tantalizing but disturbing possibility: that criminality may be inherited as a set of genetic deficits that place one at risk to commit theft, violence, or acts of sexual deviance. But what do these new theories really assert? Are they as dangerous as their forerunners, which the Nazis and other eugenicists used to sterilize, incarcerate, and even execute thousands of supposed "born" criminals? How can we prepare for a future in which leaders may propose crime-control programs based on biology? In this second edition of The Criminal Brain, Nicole Rafter, Chad Posick, and Michael Rocque describe early biological theories of crime and provide a lively, up-to-date overview of the newest research in biosocial criminology. New chapters introduce the theories of the latter part of the 20th century; apply and critically assess current biosocial and evolutionary theories, the developments in neuro-imaging, and recent progressions in fields such as epigenetics; and finally, provide a vision for the future of criminology and crime policy from a biosocial perspective. The book is a careful, critical examination of each research approach and conclusion. Both compiling and analyzing the body of scholarship devoted to understanding the criminal brain, this volume serves as a condensed, accessible, and contemporary exploration of biological theories of crime and their everyday relevance. -- Provided by publisher.

Chapter 1. Introduction: the promise of biopsychosocial criminology for explaining the facts of crime -- Chapter 2. Sex differences in criminal behavior -- Chapter 3. Age differences in criminal behavior -- Chapter 4. Class differences in criminal behavior -- Chapter 5. Peer associations and social learning influences in criminal behavior -- Chapter 6. Social relationships, control, and criminal behavior -- Chapter 7. Stress and strain in criminal behavior -- Chapter 8. Criminal justice and law in criminal behavior and crime rates -- Chapter 9. Concluding remarks on the future of biosocial criminology.