Suchergebnisse

Citizen journalism is a journalistic activity undertaken by a person or group. So far, information on the potential of the Sumba Island has not been evenly distributed because there is unequal information on the Sumbanese community and information on potential in eastern Sumba. The purpose of this research is to provide media for the citizens of Sumba in providing any information about local content in Sumba Island such as information on agriculture, plantation, forestry, tourism, cultural information, social information, political information, law, and human rights. The methodology used to build this system is the Waterfall Model. This model is an approach to software development, with several stages, namely: System Engineering, Analysis, Design, Encoding, Testing, and Maintenance. The development concept used is Model-View-Controller or MVC is a method to create an application with separate data (see) and the corresponding way (Controller). In the implementation of framework in the application of website-based architecture MVC. MVC is developing a major component-based application that builds an application such as data manipulation, user interface, and parts that become controls in a web application.

Discusses relations within the Arab Maghreb Union and with other Arab countries in light of the 1990-91 Persian Gulf crisis.

This study explored the psychiatric inpatient experiences of lesbian and gay service users in relation to their intimate relationship needs and how these experiences affected their mental health recovery. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with three gay men and three lesbians who had been resident on public sector psychiatric wards in the United Kingdom. The data were analyzed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Five master themes emerged: the conceptualization of intimacy; the relationship between intimate relationships and recovery; experiences of the ward; experiences of prejudice and discrimination in services; and a loss of power and personal identity as a service user.

This scoping review provides the available evidence on support interventions and networks for youths aging out of child and youth care centres (CYCCs), and makes recommendations for best practice to alleviate the plight of youths leaving CYCCs. Thirteen databases were searched, resulting in the retrieval of 80 articles, 26 of which met the review criteria: English, full-text, peer-reviewed, open-access studies conducted between 2015 and 2020 on social networks and transitional services to youths aging out of residential care. Recommendations are made for policy changes, extending the age of eligibility and strengthening social support networks for youths transitioning into independent living. Keywords: child and youth care centres, positive transition outcomes, residential care, support interventions, social support networks, youths aging out of care

BackgroundThe aim of the study was to explore the validity of the social–moral awareness test (SMAT) a measure designed for assessing socio‐moral rule knowledge and reasoning in people with learning disabilities. Comparisons between Theory of Mind and socio‐moral reasoning allowed the exploration of construct validity of the tool. Factor structure, reliability and discriminant validity were also assessed.Materials and MethodsSeventy‐one participants with mild–moderate learning disabilities completed the two scales of theSMATand two False Belief Tasks for Theory of Mind.ResultsReliability of theSMATwas very good, and the scales were shown to be uni‐dimensional in factor structure. There was a significant positive relationship between Theory of Mind and bothSMATscales.ConclusionsThere is early evidence of the construct validity and reliability of theSMAT. Further assessment of the validity of theSMATwill be required.

Antibiotic resistant bacteria and genes which confer resistance to antibiotics from human/animal sources are currently considered a serious environmental and a public health concern. This problem is still little investigated in aquatic environment of developing countries according to the different climatic conditions. In this research, the total bacterial load, the abundance of relevant bacteria (Escherichia coli (E. coli), Enterococcus (Ent), and Pseudomonas), and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs: blaOXA-48, blaCTX-M, sul1, sul2, sul3, and tet(B)) were quantified using Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR) in sediments from two rivers receiving animal farming wastewaters under tropical conditions in Kinshasa, capital city of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Human and pig host-specific markers were exploited to examine the sources of contamination. The total bacterial load correlated with relevant bacteria and genes blaOXA-48, sul3, and tet(B) (P value<0.01). E. coli strongly correlated with 16s rDNA, Enterococcus, Pseudomonas spp., blaOXA-48, sul3, and tet(B) (P value<0.01) and with blaCTX-M, sul1, and sul2 at a lower magnitude (P value <0.05). The most abundant and most commonly detected ARGs were sul1, and sul2. Our findings confirmed at least two sources of contamination originating from pigs and anthropogenic activities and that animal farm wastewaters didn't exclusively contribute to antibiotic resistance profile. Moreover, our analysis sheds the light on developing countries where less than adequate infrastructure or lack of it adds to the complexity of antibiotic resistance proliferation with potential risks to the human exposure and aquatic living organisms. This research presents useful tools for the evaluation of emerging microbial contaminants in aquatic ecosystems which can be applied in the similar environment.

Le colloque Communication environnementale en République Démocratique du Congo : enjeux et perspectives, à l'origine cette publication, a offert à ses participants une vision large de la situation environnementale en RDC, en partant des cas d'impact humain sur l'environnement et les ressources naturelles (qualité de l'eau et des sols, pollution par des déchets, menace sur la biodiversité), en passant par le gestion environnementale, pour aboutir à la question essentielle en matière de politique de développement durable, soit celle de la communication et de l'éducation.

The co-occurrence of heavy metals, antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic-resistance genes (ARGs) from hospital effluents spreading into the river receiving systems and evaluating associated risks are topics of scientific interest and still under-studied in developing countries under tropical conditions. To understand the selectors of the ARGs, we examined the occurrence of heavy metals (Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Cd, Pb and Zn), associated ARB (β-lactam-resistant Escherichia coli , β-lactam-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae) and ARGs ( bla OXA , bla CTX-M , bla IMP , bla TEM ) in water and sediments from two sub-urban rivers receiving urban and hospital effluent waters in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). High abundances of ARB and ARGs were observed in all sediment samples. All the metal contents correlated negatively with grain size (− 0.94 ≤ r ≤ − 0.54, p < 0.05) except for Ni and positively with organic matter content and total copies of 16 s rRNA (0.42 ≤ r ≤ 0.79, p < 0.05), except for Ni and Zn. The metals had a significant positive correlation with the faecal indicator Enterococcus except for Ni and Cd (0.43 ≤ r ≤ 0.67, p < 0.05). Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae correlated negatively with Zn ( r = − 0.44, p < 0.05) and positively with all the rest of toxic metals (0.58 ≤ r ≤ 1.0, p < 0.05). These results suggested that some metals had a great influence on the persistence of ARB and ARGs in sediments. Overall, this study strongly recommends the managing urban wastewater to preserve water resources used for human and agricultural purposes. Additionally, we recommend the utilizing biological indicators (faecal indicator bacteria, ARB, ARGs) when investigating urban wastewater pollutions.

Traditional surface application of poultry litter leaves nutrients vulnerable to loss through volatilization and runoff. However, injection can increase capture of these nutrients in agricultural fields. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted to determine the effects of poultry litter injection on orchard-grass (Dactylis glomerata L.) hay yield and quality. Poultry litter was injected or surface applied using the Subsurfer poultry litter injector at the recommended agronomic rate (high) and half that rate (low) in 2012 and 2013 in an established field of orchardgrass. Soil was sampled to 15 cm and analyzed for soil nitrate. No significant differences in soil nitrate were detected between treatments. Although not always statistically significant, first cutting orchardgrass yields tended to be greater with surface litter application. Injected treatments had greater protein concentrations than their respective surface treatment, showing greater nitrogen uptake, when protein was weighted by yield. Protein was the same for high surface and low injected treatments showing that similar nitrogen (N) uptake was achieved. ; Public domain authored by a U.S. government employee

Nepal is highly vulnerable to global climate change, despite its negligible emission of global greenhouse gases. The vulnerable climate-sensitive sectors identified in Nepal's National Adaptation Programme of Action (NAPA) to Climate Change 2010 include agriculture, forestry, water, energy, public health, urbanization and infrastructure, and climate-induced disasters. In addition, analyses carried out as part of the NAPA process have indicated that the impacts of climate change in Nepal are not gender neutral. Vector-borne diseases, diarrhoeal diseases including cholera, malnutrition, cardiorespiratory diseases, psychological stress, and health effects and injuries related to extreme weather are major climate-sensitive health risks in the country. In recent years, research has been done in Nepal in order to understand the changing epidemiology of diseases and generate evidence for decision-making. Based on this evidence, the experience of programme managers, and regular surveillance data, the Government of Nepal has mainstreamed issues related to climate change in development plans, policies and programmes. In particular, the Government of Nepal has addressed climate-sensitive health risks. In addition to the NAPA report, several policy documents have been launched, including the Climate Change Policy 2011; the Nepal Health Sector Programme – Implementation Plan II (NHSP-IP 2) 2010–2015; the National Health Policy 2014; the National Health Sector Strategy 2015–2020 and its implementation plan (2016–2021); and the Health National Adaptation Plan (H-NAP): climate change and health strategy and action plan (2016–2020). However, the translation of these policies and plans of action into tangible action on the ground is still in its infancy in Nepal. Despite this, the health sector's response to addressing the impact of climate change in Nepal may be taken as a good example for other low- and middle-income countries.