Suchergebnisse

The article deals with gender aspects of the perception of environmental problems by the population in the industrial development of the Arctic. There is substantiated the need to develop an ethno-social approach to the study of environmental problems in the framework of interaction between mining companies and the indigenous peoples of the North. It is proposed to conduct sociological surveys of the population when assessing the impact on the ethnological environment (ethnological expertise of the project). The experience of conducting such research to identify and assess gender-specific perceptions of environmental problems in the implementation of investment projects in the Arctic is shown. Based on the results of the empirical research in 2017–2019 on alluvial gold and diamond mining projects in the Northern regions of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), the main environmental problems that concern the local population are identified. These include: pollution of the environment in the territories of traditional nature use, decrease in the number of deer, reduction in the number of objects of traditional crafts, lack of a system for garbage removal and processing, climate change, and others. The article shows specifics of the environmental problems perception by the indigenous inhabitants of the North (Evenks, Dolgans, Yukagirs, Sakha) on a gender basis. It proposes a mechanism for taking into account the gender characteristics of the population's behavior in the impact of economic activities on the environment in order to ensure gender equality by signing an agreement between mining companies and the local population on the socio-economic development of the territory. The concept of a gender approach to the account of ethnosocial and environmental aspects of territory development with the account the life cycle of the project is substantiated. Implementation of this approach will allow a more full account of the interests and needs of the indigenous population in the industrial development of the territory in the Arctic.

The article considers the mechanism of taking into account and evaluating the opinion of the population when implementing investment projects for industrial development of the territory in the Russian Arctic. To identify priority social problems, it is proposed to conduct sociological surveys of the population throughout the life cycle of projects. The information base of the study was the materials of ethnological expertise of projects for the exploration and production of alluvial diamonds in the Anabar and Oleneksky ulus (districts) of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), as well as sociological surveys of the population in the framework of assessing the consequences of the diesel fuel spill in Norilsk and the consequences of its impact in the Taimyr Dolgan-Nenets Municipal District of the Krasnoyarsk region. Based on the conducted surveys of the population, the article identifies social problems associated with the industrial development of the territory and gives a comparative analysis of social problems at different stages of the implementation of mining projects. Besides, the article discusses the low level of income of the population, the outflow of young people, the reduction in the number of objects of traditional use, and the problems of preserving cultural traditions. It also draws conclusions about the relationship of social problems and proposes measures to reduce the consequences of identified social problems