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Job attitudes are often weakly predictive of job-related behaviors. A socio-cognitive model is presented to demonstrate why job attitudes are important, to identify their structural and functional properties, and to specify when they predict behavior. According to this model, attitudes are represented in memory by a cognitive structure consisting of an object label, an evaluative summary of that object, and a knowledge structure. This structure serves several functions: it allows individuals to make sense of their social world (heuristic and schematic functions of attitudes) and to maintain self-worth (self functions of attitudes). Finally, we use the socio-cognitive model to identify six propositions for increasing the attitude-behavior relationship.

Although the concept of groupthink (the extreme concurrence‐seeking tendency displayed by decision making groups), has been an influential one, empirical research has provided equivocal support for the groupthink model. In this paper, we review previous case and laboratory work on groupthink and identify empirical and theoretical inconsistencies. We then describe a model of groupthink as social identity maintenance (SIM) that is capable of reconciling these inconsistencies and summarize laboratory experiments that specifically test the SIM hypothesis. We use the model to suggest possible pitfalls of previous proposals for preventing groupthink when SIM pressures are operative. Finally, we suggest intervention strategies capable of mitigating groupthink due to SIM that have two objectives: (a) the reduction of pressures toward identity protection and (b) the stimulation of intellectual conflict.

Empirical research has provided equivocal support for the group-think model. Here, previous case & laboratory work on group think is reviewed, & empirical & theoretical inconsistencies are identified. A model of group think as social identity maintenance (SIM) that is capable of reconciling these inconsistencies is described, & laboratory experiments that specifically test the SIM hypothesis are summarized. The model is used to suggest possible pitfalls of previous proposals for preventing group think when SIM pressures are operative. Finally, intervention strategies capable of mitigating group think due to SIM are suggested that have two objectives: (1) reduction of pressures toward identity protection, & (2) stimulation of intellectual conflict. 1 Appendix, 55 References. Adapted from the source document.