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This article provides a discussion on conceptual framework associated with digital finance and financial inclusion in Indian context which has not been much critically addressed in the literature. Digital finance and financial inclusion has several benefits to financial services users, digital finance providers, governments and the economy. Since 2010, the G-20 and the World Bank have led the initiative for increased financial inclusion in developing countries to help reduce poverty levels in developing and emerging economies. Access to digital technologies allows a wider range of financial services such as online banking, mobile banking etc. Digital financial services can be more convenient and affordable than traditional banking services, enabling low-income and poor people in developing countries to save and borrow in the formal financial system, earn a financial return. The conceptual framework related to digital finance and financial inclusion discussed in this article are relevant for the on-going debate and country-level projects directed at greater financial inclusion via digital finance in developing and emerging economies. After analyzing the facts it can be concluded that a number of issues still persist which if addressed can make digital finance work better for financial inclusion achievement which in return benefits the individuals, businesses and governments.

This article provides a discussion on conceptual framework associated with digital finance and financial inclusion in Indian context which has not been much critically addressed in the literature. Digital finance and financial inclusion has several benefits to financial services users, digital finance providers, governments and the economy. Since 2010, the G-20 and the World Bank have led the initiative for increased financial inclusion in developing countries to help reduce poverty levels in developing and emerging economies. Access to digital technologies allows a wider range of financial services such as online banking, mobile banking etc. Digital financial services can be more convenient and affordable than traditional banking services, enabling low-income and poor people in developing countries to save and borrow in the formal financial system, earn a financial return. The conceptual framework related to digital finance and financial inclusion discussed in this article are relevant for the on-going debate and country-level projects directed at greater financial inclusion via digital finance in developing and emerging economies. After analyzing the facts it can be concluded that a number of issues still persist which if addressed can make digital finance work better for financial inclusion achievement which in return benefits the individuals, businesses and governments.

This study draws on extensive archival research to explore the social history of industrial labor in colonial India through the lens of well-being. Focusing on the cotton millworkers in Bombay in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the book moves beyond trade union politics and examines the complex ways in which the broader colonial society considered the subject of worker well-being. As the author shows, worker well-being projects unfolded in the contexts of British Empire, Indian nationalism, extraordinary infant mortality, epidemic diseases, and uneven urban development. Srivastava emphasizes that worker well-being discourses and practices strove to reallocate resources and enhance the productive and reproductive capacities of the nation?s labor power. She demonstrates how the built urban environment, colonial local governance, public health policies, and deeply gendered local and transnational voluntary reform programs affected worker wellbeing practices and shaped working class lives.

This article traces the complex regulatory efforts directed at Afghans in colonial Delhi to control or distance them from the imperial capital. To the colonial authorities, the Afghan moneylenders who operated within the expanding new imperial capital, providing their services to government employees as well as the growing population, appeared as a new problem in the city. The colonial authorities viewed the Afghan moneylender as a typical 'goonda' contributing to disorder. The imperial and provincial administration discussed the possibilities of deportations, extended extraordinary legislation (Goonda Act, 1937) and used high-handed practices to deal with this 'menace'. Being foreign subjects, the Afghans resisted these regulatory measures by involving the Afghan consulate to defend their socio-economic rights in British India. The need to avoid friction with the Afghan government amidst tensions at the frontier was an enduring consideration when dealing with Afghan moneylenders, especially after the creation of the new nation-state of India.

Vasanthi Srinivasan, Virtue and Human Ends: Political Ideas From Indian Classics. Hyderabad: Orient BlackSwan, 2021, 202 pages, ₹685.

AbstractThe annexation of Tibet into the People's Republic of China in the 1950s led to an exodus of nearly 80,000 Tibetans along with the fourteenth Dalai Lama Tenzin Gyatso. Since then, thousands of Tibetans have taken refuge in the neighboring countries. Many live as refugees in different parts of the world today. Although the Tibetan refugee community has emerged as a successful model for other displaced communities, the individual struggles of these refugees in foreign lands cannot be underestimated. Dhompa's book A Home in Tibet shines a light on this other side of their exilic existence by raising questions about identity, home, country, and memory. It outlines the hardships, confusion, and contestations that Tibetans face on a daily basis. After a short introduction to provide context, this article reports a conversation with Tsering Wangmo Dhompa, which grippingly addresses these issues.