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In this paper, we present novel bot detection algorithms to identify Twitter bot accounts and to determine their prevalence in current online discourse. On social media, bots are ubiquitous. Bot accounts are problematic because they can manipulate information, spread misinformation, and promote unverified information, which can adversely affect public opinion on various topics, such as product sales and political campaigns. Detecting bot activity is complex because many bots are actively trying to avoid detection. We present a novel, complex machine learning algorithm utilizing a range of features including: length of user names, reposting rate, temporal patterns, sentiment expression, followers-to-friends ratio, and message variability for bot detection. Our novel technique for Twitter bot detection is effective at detecting bots with a 2.25% misclassification rate.

The dominance of online social networking sites (SNSs) sparks questions and concerns regarding information privacy, online identity, and the complexities of social life online. Since messages created by a technology's purveyors can play an influential role in our understanding of a technology, we argue that gaining a complete understanding of the role of social media in contemporary life must include qualitative exploration of how public figures discuss and frame these platforms. Accordingly, this article reports the results of a discourse analysis of Facebook founder and CEO Mark Zuckerberg's public language, foregrounding the evolution of his discourse surrounding Facebook's self-definitions, the construction of user identity, and the relationship between Facebook and its users.

1. Introduction and Overview -- Part I: Privacy Theory and Methods -- 2. Privacy Theories and Frameworks -- 3. Revisiting APCO -- 4. Privacy and Behavioral Economics -- 5. The Development of Privacy Norms -- 6. Privacy Beyond the Individual Level -- Part II: Domains -- 7. Social Media and Privacy -- 8. Privacy-Enhancing Technologies -- 9. Tracking and Personalization -- 10. Healthcare Privacy -- 11. Privacy and the Internet of Things -- Part III: Audiences -- 12. Cross-Cultural Privacy Differences -- 13. Accessible Privacy -- 14. Privacy in Adolescence -- 15. Privacy and Vulnerable Populations -- Part IV: Moving Forward -- 16. User-Tailored Privacy -- 17. The Ethics of Privacy in Research and Design: Principles, Practices, and Potential -- 18. EU GDPR: Toward a Regulatory Initiative for Deploying a Private Digital Era -- 19. Reflections: Bringing Privacy to Practice.

This open access book provides researchers and professionals with a foundational understanding of online privacy as well as insight into the socio-technical privacy issues that are most pertinent to modern information systems, covering several modern topics (e.g., privacy in social media, IoT) and underexplored areas (e.g., privacy accessibility, privacy for vulnerable populations, cross-cultural privacy). The book is structured in four parts, which follow after an introduction to privacy on both a technical and social level: Privacy Theory and Methods covers a range of theoretical lenses through which one can view the concept of privacy. The chapters in this part relate to modern privacy phenomena, thus emphasizing its relevance to our digital, networked lives. Next, Domains covers a number of areas in which privacy concerns and implications are particularly salient, including among others social media, healthcare, smart cities, wearable IT, and trackers. The Audiences section then highlights audiences that have traditionally been ignored when creating privacy-preserving experiences: people from other (non-Western) cultures, people with accessibility needs, adolescents, and people who are underrepresented in terms of their race, class, gender or sexual identity, religion or some combination. Finally, the chapters in Moving Forward outline approaches to privacy that move beyond one-size-fits-all solutions, explore ethical considerations, and describe the regulatory landscape that governs privacy through laws and policies. Perhaps even more so than the other chapters in this book, these chapters are forward-looking by using current personalized, ethical and legal approaches as a starting point for re-conceptualizations of privacy to serve the modern technological landscape. The book's primary goal is to inform IT students, researchers, and professionals about both the fundamentals of online privacy and the issues that are most pertinent to modern information systems. Lecturers or teacherscan assign (parts of) the book for a "professional issues" course. IT professionals may select chapters covering domains and audiences relevant to their field of work, as well as the Moving Forward chapters that cover ethical and legal aspects. Academicswho are interested in studying privacy or privacy-related topics will find a broad introduction in both technical and social aspects.