Suchergebnisse

The article tells about the motives of admission of the ninth grade graduates to college. The research topic is relevant because it is important to study popular educational routes of Russian children, ways of accumulating educational and professional capital, orientation of young people to obtain technical specialties, the relevance of the «document analysis» method in empirical sociology. The materials of Internet journalism were analyzed, specifically posted on the web articles that justify the advantages of leaving school and studying at college. The author presents ratings of motives for choosing secondary special education in texts for 2018 and 2023. The content of journalistic materials was studied using qualitative methods, content analysis and with the support of relevant computer services. It has been established that the most stable and frequent argumentations in Internet journalism in 2018 and 2023 are the possibility of not passing the unified state exam, obtaining a profession, preparing for university admission. The prevailing motives are related to the lengthening of the student's educational route and the acceleration of professionalization. From the rating of reasons for choosing a college in 2023, the opinion about the availability of budget training disappeared, but there was a justification to continue the family dynasty of technical specialists. Compared to 2018, the rank of the motive for the optimal organization of the educational process in colleges has decreased. Also, the hope for individual attention to the student from the teachers has weakened. The results of the research can be applied in social policy in the fields of education and employment, especially to assess the readiness of school graduates to obtain a technical profession. The methodological conclusions of the project on the analysis of documents in empirical research are useful for students of sociological specialties.

The article deals with the inheritance of technical professions for three generations of the family. The relevance of the study is due to the need of studying the influence of the family on the educational, professional, and cultural capital of students. The main issues of the project are the educational and professional paths of several generations of the family, family capital, motives for choosing a technical profession by students of Russian universities, dynasties of technical specialists, the collection of biographical works as a method of empirical sociology.
The autobiographies written by the students of technical specialties of Russian higher educational institutions were analyzed. The educational experience of parents, grandparents of informants was studied. The author presents the classification of professions of the older generations of the family. The texts were processed using specialized computer programs.
It is established that the technical profession is leading in the list of occupations of the older generations of the students' family. The second place is occupied by workers in the field of economics. In the dynasties of technical specialists, the main factor in choosing a profession is the inheritance of family professional, educational, cultural and social capital. In other families, the main motives for choosing a technical education and profession are the abilities and interests of the student, as well as the prospects of a high income. Inheritance of a profession closes the ranking of reasons for admission to technical faculties.
A methodological analysis of the collection of biographical works was carried out. The approach minimizes the presence of the researcher at the field stage of the project implementation, allows the use of computer text processing, is relevant to the study of generational issues in sociology. Among the disadvantages of the method is the incompleteness of the primary information received.
The results of the project can be used to solve the tasks of social policy in the fields of labor, education and family. The experience of generational analysis of biographical materials is important to sociology.

The article analyzes the cultural capital of the family, as well as the ways of its transmission to the younger generations. The relevance of the problem is due to the need to develop human resources, especially educational and professional ones. The research questions were the types of cultural family capital and the peculiarities of its transmission, the influence of the teacher's profession in the field of preschool education on personal and intergenerational social mobility, the passage of educational and professional path by representatives of several family generations, the relevance of the biographical method.
The project studied biographical interviews of parents of students of top-rated Russian schools. The collected empirical arrays allowed us to draw conclusions about three generations of the informants' family. In addition to the intergenerational analysis, a study of existing sociological projects was conducted that examined in detail the activities of teachers in the field of preschool and school education.
The author presents the substantiation of several significant mechanisms of inheritance of cultural capital by the middle and younger generations of the family. The study of biographical materials was carried out using the domestic computer program Diskant. It is established that the profession of a kindergarten teacher has a positive effect on personal and generational social mobility. The main way of transferring family capital is the inheritance of value orientations for education and obtaining a profession in the field of highly qualified labor. An additional mechanism for the transmission of cultural resources can be considered a visit to cultural events and clubs.
The relevance of the biographical approach in application to the problems of research is substantiated. The method provides extensive empirical material with the opportunity to delve into the understanding of texts. The limitation in using the biographical approach was the complexity of digital processing of primary sociological information.

The article analyzes the reasons behind the choice of non-state preschool education for children by the families of St. Petersburg. The subject area relevance is associated with the need to study family investments in the educational and cultural capital of the younger generation. The main research questions are the advantages of non-state kindergartens education, the influence of the received educational and cultural resources on the further educational path of a person, the relevance of digital methods for collecting sociological information.
In the empirical part of the study, we studied the parents' statements on an Internet forum, where the motives behind choosing non-state kindergartens in St. Petersburg were discussed. In addition, an available sociological results analysis and statistical data were used, and expert judgments on the development of the private preschool education sphere in Russia were collected on the Internet.
The author presents a parental arguments classification in favor of non-state kindergartens education, developed based on the materials analysis from an Internet forum. The content classification of the unstructured text array was conducted using domestic specialized computer programs.
It was found that the main motive for the family choice of non-state preschool education in St. Petersburg is the parents' desire to provide their children with high-quality educational capital. Previously, the most significant reason for preschoolers to turn to private education was the need to place a child at the age of two months in a day nursery. Other advantages of studying in a non-state kindergarten are considered by parents to be an individual approach to children with special needs, care for the student's health, and high-level equipment in private preschool educational institutions. An important condition for choosing a commercial kindergarten is a sufficient family income. Parents see cultural capital as a supplement to the educational resource they receive at an early age, and they also associate education in a private kindergarten with the choice of specialized schools and the high academic performance of the child in primary grades.
Research perspective — search and methodological understanding of sociology digital methods to study the long-term effects of the early education stage.

In this article were discussed the influence of family and cultural resources on the applicant admission to a higher educational institution. The relevance of the topic is based on the need to study and improve human capital quality. The main research questions are the family and cultural resources structure, and a person's family resource relationship with other assets, as well as the conditions for students' academic achievement.

The project is based on a modern resource approach and a theoretical human resources model, proposed by the Russian sociologist Natalia Aleksandrovna Yakovleva to study starting inequality in the student environment. At the empirical part of the study, a survey of St. Petersburg State Institute of Cinema and Television first-year students was performed. Additional project modules were secondary analysis of available sociological results and use of statistical data.

The author presents an applicant's family resources analysis based on such empirical referents as education and professional parents activities, family income, parental attitudes towards higher education for children, family value orientations. Students' cultural resource was studied according to the activity of visited cultural events, participation in workshops, as well as a set of the most important life attitudes.

It was found that the family economic resource, the parents' education level, family motivation for providing children with higher education, and the creative profession of the father had the greatest impact on admission to the university. Applicants' cultural capital increased the success of passing the creative test and interview. The main factors in the students' academic performance are their educational capital, participation in cultural events, and the family cultural capital.

The study prospect is to expand the empirical project base for a comparative analysis of the applicants' and their families' universities choice with different ratings.

The article presents an analysis of the influence of the family on the development and implementation of the educational route of children. The relevance of the problematics is related to the need to improve the quality of personal and social human capital. The purpose of the research is the study educational ways of different types of families.

The project can be divided into theoretical and empirical parts. It was established in the theoretical section that in modern sociology the resource approach is most relevant to research issues. According to his interpretation, the family is the strongest factor in the educational route of children. Among family resources, economic, educational, and cultural capital have the greatest impact on the educational route of children.

Тhe empirical part of the project contains, students' parents, school principals surveys, collection of biographical materials, analysis of documents, analysis of statistical data and the results of all-Russian representative researches. Longitudinal studies of the educational path have been realised by interviewing families of students and collecting parental diaries. The author provides an analysis of two educational routes of Russian children. One way is leaving after ninth grade and going to college. It has been established that the majority of parents of 9th grade graduates don't have higher education and families don't have a developed cultural resource. The choice of college is explained by the reluctance to take a unified state exam after 11th grade, the desire to get a specialized secondary education for free, defined professional choice.

The second educational route studied in detail in the empirical part of the research is the child's admission to a top-rated school which falls under one of the top 500 best schools in Russia. This is the most thought-out educational plan which is implemented by parents with high educational and cultural values. It has been established that the likelihood of studying at a top-rated school increases the leadership position and the high professional qualifications of the student's father.

The empirical prospect of the study is the search and analysis of other relevant educational routes offered by families to their children. The findings suggest the need to support high-ranking schools and help Russian families providing children with educational opportunities.

This article's topic is the analysis of the family influence on the choice of such an educational route for children as studying at an online school. The relevance of the research is connected with the development of online education in Russia and around the world, the digitalization of the educational sphere. The main attention is paid to the position of the older generation of the family — the grandparents of students — to the admission of grandchildren to online schools. Other research goals are the advantages and disadvantages of online education, the participation of the older generation in the implementation of the educational route for children in online schools, the Internet forum as a method of digital empirical sociology.
There was an examination of statements of the participants of the Internet forum, where representatives of the older generation of the family, who chose online education for children, discussed a new educational format. The authors have developed a classification of thematic leitmotives of that conversation. Structuring of texts was carried out with the help of Russian specialized computer programs.
It was found out that grandparents of online school students evaluate their grandchildren's education in two ways: a mixed position prevails, in which informants look for the pros and cons of education. It was discovered that the older generation is actively involved in the implementation of the educational route of grandchildren studying in online schools. The most popular leitmotives on the Internet forum were the comfort of learning, free time, improved health of children and an opportunity to prepare qualitatively for final exams. The least significant topics are replenishment of cultural capital and communication.
The methodological analysis of the Internet forum as a method of collecting and analyzing sociological information is conducted. The empirical approach simplifies access to informants and the field stage of the study. The main problem was the complexity and ambiguity of the classification of the content of unstructured texts received on the Internet forum.
The results of the project can be applied in different areas of social policy. Recommendations have been prepared for the federal program "Digital Economy in the Russian Federation" (2019–2024). In addition, it is important to provide families who have chosen online education for their children (through NGOs, mass media, publications in scientific publications) with up-to-date information. Practical effect for the sociology of culture, sociology of education, sociology of the family is the methodological justification and approbation of digital empirical methods. An additional scope of application of the results is training courses for students of sociological specialties.